1,721,227 research outputs found

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Training and education in robotic surgery: Recommendations of ERUS (EAU robotic urology section)

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    The present chapter aims to give an overview of the importance of training in robotic surgery. It includes the past experiences in robotic urological surgery, the introduction of virtual reality simulation and more advanced training modalities as the wet lab and modular training. This text will highlight the major problems encountered when developing a robotic program and the possible solutions to maximize the available resources of each center. It summarizes today’s available academic programs and assessment tools for knowledge and surgical skills acquisition. Finally, it emphasizes on the necessity of a standardized program with defined educational objectives and the urge for an international standardized certification process. This chapter also explains the attractive robotic curriculum from the European Association of Urology Robotic Urology Section (ERUS). It is proposed as a well-structured program to be universally adopted in training centers providing a stepwise scheme able to endue experienced and unexperienced surgeons the opportunity to perform robotic surgery at the end of the course

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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