1,721,064 research outputs found
Premessa a �Padri in divenire di Fortuna Procentese�
No full textPremessa al volume nel quale Fortuna Procentese presenta le ricerche svolte con padri e madri in congedo parentale che stanno sperimentantodo nuove politiche di conciliazione nella cura della prole
Emergenze collettive
No full textLe emergenze collettive s’inscrivono in complesse dinamiche globali a differenti
livelli di intervento; esse impattano sulla capacità di gestire la componente
di rischio insita sia nella morfologia dei territori sia nella pianificazione della vita
organizzativa e comunitaria, quindi sul senso di sicurezza generale, ponendo interrogativi sulle metodologie e tecniche per far fronte al loro impatto nefasto. A
livello etimologico, il termine ‘emergenza’ deriva dal latino emergere composto
di ‘e’ fuori di e ‘mergere’ affondare, tuffare (v. mèrgo). Indica in altre parole ‘ciò
che emerge’, ovvero che affiora dalla superficie (calma) delle acque e che può essere
tanto qualcosa di bello e positivo, quanto qualcosa di pericoloso e negativo.
Nel corso del tempo, tuttavia, e forse sotto l’influenza dell’inglese emergency, il
sostantivo ‘emergenza’ ha assunto il significato negativo di un’occorrenza critica,
un avvenimento inaspettato e perlopiù di una certa gravità, una situazione
di allarme e pericolo che necessita di un intervento (soprattutto nella locuzione
‘stato di emergenza’). E se l’emergenza rappresenta nel senso comune odierno un
pericolo improvviso, tanto da essere spesso usata come eufemismo per allarme,
la risposta per far fronte alla stessa è generalmente connotata da altrettanta immediatezza
e urgenza.
Quando oggi pensiamo alle emergenze le rappresentazioni sociali sono diverse
ma fanno per lo più riferimento a catastrofi naturali o ad eventi che destabilizzano
un sistema sociale che non ha immediate risposte di ripresa. L’emergenza è
data dunque dalla presenza di una minaccia per la quale non è possibile rispondere
in modo ordinario, ma comporta l’attivazione di interventi straordinari rispetto
all’improvviso manifestarsi di necessità materiali, bisogni reali e percepiti
e risorse disponibili. Tali emergenze si riferiscono a eventi dal potenziale traumatico
per gli individui e per la collettività, in grado di compromettere il tessuto
sociale di una comunità territoriale e talvolta globale.
Nella cultura generale, termini come disastro ed emergenza sono correlati a
disastri naturali o antropici, come terremoti, maremoti, esplosioni, inondazioni,
disastri nucleari e chimici. Tuttavia, nel corso della storia si sono registrate altre
emergenze dovute ai conflitti tra stati e/o gruppi diversi della popolazione, agli
attacchi terroristici e alle emergenze a carattere sanitario che hanno la portata del gli scenari in emergenza possono essere diversi e molteplici.
Per eventi naturali si intendono tutti quelli determinati da fenomeni che si
manifestano in natura: eruzioni, terremoti, alluvioni, esondazioni, ecc. e dunque
tutti eventi che nel loro manifestarsi sfuggono al controllo dell’uomo. Gli
eventi naturali colpiscono per la qualità dei danni provocati sia a livello del
territorio che della popolazione tutta, a seconda dell’intensità e della portata
dell’evento.
Diverso è il discorso per gli eventi antropici ovvero che derivano direttamente
dall’azione dell’uomo e che sono suddivisibili nelle seguenti sottocategorie:
• eventi antropici dovuti a conflittualità socio-politica: rientrano in tale categoria atti
terroristici, conflitti armati, rivoluzioni, ecc., quindi qualsiasi evento scatenato
per ottenere intenzionalmente degli effetti sul piano sociale o politico;
• eventi antropici dovuti a errori o inadeguato utilizzo della tecnologia: rientrano in
tale categoria grandi incendi, crolli di costruzioni, così come incidenti ferroviari
e aerei, o dispersioni di sostanze tossiche;
• eventi antropico naturali: in questa categoria rientrano invece quegli eventi che
sono sì naturali originariamente, ma che divengono disastrosi in virtù dell’intervento
dell’uomo. Esempio può essere un’esondazione dopo forti precipitazioni
che però segue alla restrizione del letto del fiume ad opera umana
Siti di dating online in Italia: Misrepresentation e logica consumistica
No full textIl significato delle relazioni intime sta cambiando, oggi talvolta si pensa ad esse secondo una logica consumistica (Heino, Ellison, & Gibbs, 2010). Il presente lavoro ha avuto lo scopo di esplorare l’utilizzo di misrepresentation e logica consumistica nei siti di dating online in Italia con 237 utenti, di età media 26,48 (SD = 8,28), a cui è stato proposto un questionario online composto dalla Use of Online Dating Sites Scale ( = 0,73) (Procentese, Gatti, De Carlo, 2015) e dalla Perceived Support and Observed Support Scale ( = 0,93) (Caso & Zamboli, 2015). I risultati confermano un uso dei siti per cercare relazioni non durature, coerentemente con la logica consumistica; tuttavia quest’ultima, a differenza del misrepresenting, non si associa ad una bassa percezione dell’autenticità di tali relazioni
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
People-nearby applications and local communities: Questioning about individuals' loneliness and social motivations toward people-nearby applications
No full textThe present study aims to deepen the relationship between people's loneliness and relational motivations toward people‐nearby applications (PNAs) use, within the uses and gratification framework. Indeed, due to the spread of indifference and mistrust toward other citizens, local communities and the relationships within them can leave some individuals’ social needs unsatisfied. An online questionnaire, including the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults—short version and the Cyber Relationships Motives Scale, was administered to 647 PNAs users (age: M = 26.76; standard deviation = 8.77); hierarchical regressions were performed. Individuals’ loneliness associated significantly with the search for love and the desire to meet new people when perceiving offline constraints, but not with the simple desire to meet new people. These results support the idea that PNAs could represent a mean to integrate the aggregation functions of local communities, allowing to find new people to meet nearby regardless of the constraints actually perceived. Being social relationships critical for individuals’ well‐being, understanding the unsatisfied individual needs underlying PNAs social uses and how these apps could be used within local communities could help in integrating people within their local communities and neighbourhoods again, fostering their well‐being too
The role of the community-related uses of location-based social media in citizens’ local community experience
No full textIn modern societies, the spread of ubiquitous, locative, social media – and of their community-related uses, specifically – has complexified the ways citizens can experience their local communities (that is, neighborhoods and cities) by producing more and different social opportunities that have become easily available to citizens. However, in most cases, such community-related uses have sprung up spontaneously regardless of the stated aims of the platforms they refer to. For this reason, such uses have been hypothesized as strategies citizens could have played out to differently sustain their SoC when more traditional paths were not feasible due to their community spatial and/or social features. Indeed, local communities have become increasingly spatially and socially closed, with consequences in the opportunities citizens have to experience their social dimensions.
In light of the above, by relying on the findings from four studies, the community-related uses of two different mainstream platforms (Instagram and dating People-Nearby Applications) will be here deepened with reference to (a) the social needs underlying these uses, and (b) which are the paths through which these uses can enhance citizens’ tie to their local community. The aim is to unravel whether they might represent paths towards a different experience of the local community of belonging for their users. Taken together, the findings highlight the complexities related to modern local community experience and suggest that social media could provide relevant contributions as tools providing citizens with new opportunities and resources to be activated. Becoming aware of these complexities and of the implications deriving from them allows opening new perspectives with reference to both further research questions and innovative practices and interventions to be implemented
Valorizing Community Identity and Social Places to Implement Participatory Processes in San Giovanni a Teduccio (Naples, Italy)
Full text linkThis paper addresses the implementation of an intervention aimed at promoting participatory processes in San Giovanni a Teduccio—a neighborhood on the eastern outskirts of Naples—to foster the acknowledgment and valorization of local social, cultural, and identity resources by citizens. Former industrial and marine area, today disused and run-down industrial establishments in the neighborhood and obscure and pollute the sea, weakening local identity and cultural heritages. Interviews were carried out to address citizens’ and stakeholders’ social identity, their civic and social engagement in the community, and the potential and critical issues they identified in it. A split community emerged from their words, with a minority civically and socially engaged in the regeneration of community places and relationships—even though through a fragmented multiplicity of projects—and a “dormant” majority, passive and anesthetized by the nostalgia of the industrial and marine past. Participants were also asked to share pictures about meaningful community places; these showed abandoned and run-down urban spaces, but also places where citizens could meet, share, and identify. An exhibition was organized to share these materials with the broader community, opening up a space for thinking about the need to involve citizens in acknowledging and valorizing local cultural, social, and identity resources through participatory processes
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