1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
System modeling, design, and control of the Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment (MOXIE) and implications for atmospheric ISRU processing plants
No full textThesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 201-204).As humankind expands its footprint in the solar system, it is increasingly important to make use of Earth independent resources to make these missions sustainable and economically feasible. In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU), the science of using space resources to support exploration missions, unlocks potential destinations by significantly reducing the mass to be launched from Earth. Mars is considered a promising location with significant indigenous resources. The carbon dioxide that comprises nearly 96% of the Martian atmosphere can be utilized to produce oxygen for propulsion and life support systems. The Mars Oxygen ISRU Experiment (MOXIE) is a payload being developed by NASA for the Mars 2020 mission. MOXIE will demonstrate oxygen production at a rate of at least 6 grams per hour from the Martian atmosphere by using solid oxide electrolysis (SOXE) technology. Individual SOXE cells form a 10-cell SOXE stack. The stack consists of two 5-cell groups to generate oxygen and carbon monoxide molecules from a CO₂ electrolysis reaction. MOXIE is the first step to creating an oxygen processing plant that might enable a human expedition to Mars in the 2030s through the production of the oxygen needed for the propellant for a Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV). MOXIE will be the first demonstration of ISRU on another planet. The goal of this program is to learn what technological advancements are needed for development of larger scale ISRU systems to support human spaceflight missions. This thesis studies solid oxide electrolysis based atmospheric ISRU systems from a controls and system performance perspective. The purpose is to use the results of this analysis to inform MOXIE operation and the design of a full-scale ISRU system for Mars. A novel, tunable grey electrochemical model is developed from experimental characterization and used to predict oxygen production and safe operational limits for MOXIE. This model is then incorporated into the first multi-domain physical system model of a solid oxide electrolysis system implemented in Simscape. This model, named SimSitu, is used to test MOXIE control interactions and performance. A new control system, The Safe Margin Active Reduction Tracking (SMART) controller is proposed to safely maximize oxygen production from MOXIE. A strategy for characterizing and selecting space flight SOXE stacks based on discoveries from experimental results is also proposed. The models and lessons learned from MOXIE are then applied to make scaling estimates and recommendations for a full-scale ISRU system.by Forrest Edward Meyen.Ph. D
Engineering a robotic exoskeleton for space suit simulation
No full textThesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 177-181).Novel methods for assessing space suit designs and human performance capabilities are needed as NASA prepares for manned missions beyond low Earth orbit. Current human performance tests and training are conducted in space suits that are heavy and expensive, characteristics that constrain possible testing environments and reduce suit availability to researchers. Space suit mock-ups used in planetary exploration simulations are light and relatively inexpensive but do not accurately simulate the joint stiffness inherent to space suits, a key factor impacting extravehicular activity performance. The MIT Man-Vehicle Laboratory and Aurora Flight Sciences designed and built an actively controlled exoskeleton for space suit simulation called the Extravehicular Activity Space Suit Simulator (EVA S3), which can be programmed to simulate the joint torques recorded from various space suits. The goal of this research is to create a simulator that is lighter and cheaper than a traditional space suit so that it can be used in a variety of testing and training environments. The EVA S3 employs pneumatic actuators to vary joint stiffness and a pre-programmed controller to allow the experimenter to apply torque profiles to mimic various space suit designs in the field. The focus of this thesis is the design, construction, integration, and testing of the hip joint and backpack for the EVA S3. The final designs of the other joints are also described. Results from robotic testing to validate the mechanical design and control system are discussed along with the planned improvements for the next iteration of the EVA S3. The fianl EVA S3 consists of a metal and composite exoskeleton frame with pneumatic actuators that control the resistance of motion in the ankle, knee, and hip joints, and an upper body brace that resists shoulder and elbow motions with passive spring elements. The EVA S3 is lighter (26 kg excluding the tethered components) and less expensive (under $600,000 including research, design, and personnel) than a modem space suit. Design adjustments and control system improvements are still needed to achieve a desired space suit torque simulation fidelity within 10% root-mean-square error.by Forrest Edward Meyen.S.M
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Broadening the boundaries of academic publication : a follow-up and suggestion
No full textAmong the many challenges facing marketers today are two broad questions: how to best utilise technology to store and disseminate the growing base of knowledge, and how to bridge the research divide between academics and practitioners. The authors propose that ANZMAC take the lead offered from other fields such as medicine and engineering to create the ANZMAC Research Data Warehouse (ARDW). The ARDW would require authors of conference papers to contribute not only their results and conclusions, but importantly, their databases to the warehouse, thus allowing replication and validation of studies.\ud
Marketing academics would also encourage practitioners to contribute to the ARDW, learn from the successes and failures of others, and better connect with the academic community. Working together, academics and practitioners could help transform abstract knowledge and industry experience into practical intelligence
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