1,721,026 research outputs found

    Caractérisation des formes agressives de lymphomes à cellules du manteau : Analyse d'une cohorte de patients inclus dans cinq essais cliniques prospectifs

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    Médecine. HématologieRésumé : Les variants agressifs de lymphomes à cellules du manteau (LCM-A) sont considérés comme ayant un pronostic plus défavorable par rapport aux formes classiques (LCM-C). L’objectif de notre travail était de comparer les caractéristiques clinico-biologiques et la survie des LCM-A par rapports aux LCM-C. Les données individuelles de patients inclus dans cinq essais cliniques prospectifs du LYSA ont été analysées. Au total, 773 patients ont été inclus : 58 patients présentaient un LCM-A et 715 patients un LCM-C. Les LCM-A se distinguaient des LCM-C par un taux de LDH plus important, un index de prolifération Ki67 plus élevé et par l’association plus fréquente avec une forte masse tumorale. La survie sans progression et la survie globale étaient significativement inférieures pour les LCM-A par rapport aux LCM-C. Ces LCM-A sont caractérisés par un taux de LDH, un index de prolifération et une masse tumorale plus importants ainsi que par un pronostic plus péjoratif que les LCM-C

    Methodological developments in proteomic analysis for the discovery and validation of biomarkers in B-cells lymphoid malignancies in adults

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    Le développement actuel très rapide des différentes approches « omiques » génère un grand nombre de biomarqueurs potentiels, en particulier dans le domaine de la cancérologie.L’analyse protéomique par spectrométrie de masse a particulièrement bénéficié des progrès technologiques récents qui ont permis la mise au point de nouvelles approches quantitatives globales ou ciblées. Néanmoins, peu de biomarqueurs potentiels finissent par être concrètement utilisés en pratique clinique, nécessitant l’optimisation des différentes étapes de leur développement.Dans la continuité des travaux ayant abouti à l’identification de biomarqueurs diagnostiques dans les hémopathies lymphoïdes B, ce travail de thèse a permis le développement d’une méthode d’analyse protéomique ciblée pour la vérification et la validation de nouveaux biomarqueurs potentiels. La possibilité d’appliquer des stratégies quantitatives globales à un très grand nombre d’échantillons a pu être démontrée. L’application de ces stratégies quantitatives globales à du tissu ganglionnaire provenant de lymphomes agressifs a permis d’identifier des biomarqueurs potentiellement associés à une résistance au traitement. Enfin,le mode de préparation tube-gel, facilitant l’étude d’un grand nombre d’échantillons, a été validé pour la réalisation d’analyses protéomiques différentielles.The current development of new « omics » technologies has led to the discovery of a large number of potential biomarkers, particularly in the field of oncology. Proteomics analysis bymass spectrometry have particularly benefited from these technological advances with the development of new global or targeted quantitative approaches. Nevertheless, only a few numbers of potential biomarkers are finally used in clinical practice, requiring further optimization of the development process. Following the initial identification of biomarkers in the diagnosis of lymphoid malignancies performed previously, this thesis has allowed the development of a targeted proteomics method that can be used for the validation of new potential biomarkers. The ability of analysing a large number of samples with a global quantitative approach has also been demonstrated. The application of these global quantitative strategies on lymph node tissue of aggressive lymphoma has permitted the identification of potential new biomarkers associated with chemorefractoriness. Lastly, a tube-gel protocol facilitating the analysis of a large number of samples has been validated for differential proteomics studies

    Développements méthodologiques en analyse protéomique pour la découverte et la validation de biomarqueurs dans les hémopathies lymphoïdes B de l'adulte

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    The current development of new « omics » technologies has led to the discovery of a large number of potential biomarkers, particularly in the field of oncology. Proteomics analysis bymass spectrometry have particularly benefited from these technological advances with the development of new global or targeted quantitative approaches. Nevertheless, only a few numbers of potential biomarkers are finally used in clinical practice, requiring further optimization of the development process. Following the initial identification of biomarkers in the diagnosis of lymphoid malignancies performed previously, this thesis has allowed the development of a targeted proteomics method that can be used for the validation of new potential biomarkers. The ability of analysing a large number of samples with a global quantitative approach has also been demonstrated. The application of these global quantitative strategies on lymph node tissue of aggressive lymphoma has permitted the identification of potential new biomarkers associated with chemorefractoriness. Lastly, a tube-gel protocol facilitating the analysis of a large number of samples has been validated for differential proteomics studies.Le développement actuel très rapide des différentes approches « omiques » génère un grand nombre de biomarqueurs potentiels, en particulier dans le domaine de la cancérologie.L’analyse protéomique par spectrométrie de masse a particulièrement bénéficié des progrès technologiques récents qui ont permis la mise au point de nouvelles approches quantitatives globales ou ciblées. Néanmoins, peu de biomarqueurs potentiels finissent par être concrètement utilisés en pratique clinique, nécessitant l’optimisation des différentes étapes de leur développement.Dans la continuité des travaux ayant abouti à l’identification de biomarqueurs diagnostiques dans les hémopathies lymphoïdes B, ce travail de thèse a permis le développement d’une méthode d’analyse protéomique ciblée pour la vérification et la validation de nouveaux biomarqueurs potentiels. La possibilité d’appliquer des stratégies quantitatives globales à un très grand nombre d’échantillons a pu être démontrée. L’application de ces stratégies quantitatives globales à du tissu ganglionnaire provenant de lymphomes agressifs a permis d’identifier des biomarqueurs potentiellement associés à une résistance au traitement. Enfin,le mode de préparation tube-gel, facilitant l’étude d’un grand nombre d’échantillons, a été validé pour la réalisation d’analyses protéomiques différentielles

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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