1,720,953 research outputs found
Cannabis Use and Mental Health Among Youth: Epidemiology, Population Interventions, and Health Promotion in Canada
No full textWhile cannabis is legalized in Canada, there are mental health risks associated with its use among youth aged 15-24. Youth in this age group are especially vulnerable to developing cannabis use disorders, and early initiation of cannabis use during adolescence is significantly associated with developing mental health conditions such as psychosis and schizophrenia. Public health strategies can be improved by complementing the current abstinence approach for non-users with a harm reduction approach for already-users to destigmatize help-seeking behaviour for those who require support. This narrative review highlights cannabis epidemiology, evaluates current public health strategies, and emphasizes cross-sectoral collaboration as a systemic mechanism for achieving health promotion among youth in Canada. Finally, the author provides commentary on the potential role of the COVID-19 pandemic in influencing trends and patterns related to cannabis use and health promotion campaigns
Diabetes Mellitus in Canada: An Epidemiologic Analysis on Data from the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System, 2016-2017
No full textDiabetes is a major public health issue in Canada. The purpose of this epidemiologic study is to describe diabetes by sex and year, explore plausible explanations for observed sex-related differences over time, and propose evidence-based top-down population health recommendations that can be implemented to protect populations from developing diabetes and diabetes-related complications. In this study, Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus data from the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System (CCDSS) was collected. Calculations were performed to obtain period prevalence (frequency of disease), cumulative incidence (risk of developing disease), case-fatality (severity), and crude mortality (death rate). Epidemiologic calculations were performed separately for males and females in 2016 and 2017, resulting in four estimates for each of the four measures of disease. Male diabetes prevalence was 1.9% higher than female diabetes prevalence in 2017. Males were at a greater cumulative risk of developing diabetes compared to women; 4.6 new cases per 1000 males compared to 4.0 new cases per 1000 females. Diabetes was more severe for females compared to males; 7.1 deaths per 10 000 diabetes cases among females compared to 6.3 deaths per 10 000 diabetes cases among males. Despite the higher severity in females, diabetes death rate was higher for males than females; 7.9 deaths per 100 000 males compared to 7.4 deaths per 100 000 females. Prevalence and incidence of diabetes increased among both sexes from 2016 to 2017. Case-fatality and mortality from diabetes increased among females from 2016 to 2017 and decreased among males. A combination of factors can explain observed sex differences of diabetes. Increased visceral fat, increased obesity, testosterone deficiency, multimorbidity, and uncontrolled diabetes can explain the higher morbidity and mortality of diabetes among men. Population health interventions of fiscal policy and school-based programs can deter populations from type 2 diabetes and its related modifiable risk factors in Canada
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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