1,721,115 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Contextualization of education for sustainable developpement in Guadeloupe : conceptions of socio-économic actors, 6th and 7th grade pupils of primary school, and teaching pratices.
No full textL’Éducation au développement durable (EDD) fait partie depuis 2004 des enseignements obligatoires au cycle 3 du système éducatif français. En raison de sa dimension environnementale, l’EDD fait une large part aux relations avec les territoires en prenant, en principe, appui sur les réalités de l’environnement proche des élèves. Dans le cadre des travaux menés sur l’étude des relations entre les enseignements et les contextes, cette thèse possède pour objectif de décrire la prise en compte des contextes dans l’EDD en Guadeloupe. Notre postulat de départ consiste à identifier des particularités contextuelles, ou plus précisément ce que nous appellerons « objets de contexte », définis par des acteurs du développement durable, afin d’éclairer les dimensions contextuelles des enseignements du développement durable d’une part et des conceptions des élèves d’autres part. En termes méthodologiques, pour identifier et décrire ces objets de contextes, des entretiens semi-directifs auprès d’acteurs locaux ont d’abord été réalisés. Ensuite, une étude descriptive du système éducatif basée sur des analyses de contenus des projets pédagogiques, de ressources mobilisées ainsi que sur des entretiens avec des enseignants permettent d’appréhender les contours de l’EDD dans les classes de cycle 3 de Guadeloupe. Enfin, nous présentons les résultats d’une enquête par questionnaire menée auprès d’un échantillon représentatif de plus de 600 élèves de CM1 et CM2 de l’académie. Alors que les Instructions Officielles de l’école disent qu’il faut partir de l’observation du réel pour enseigner les sciences et le développement durable, nous questionnons la présence de ces objets de contexte dans la sphère éducative, tant au niveau des programmes, des pratiques enseignantes que des savoirs d’élèves. Les prescrits préconisent une approche transdisciplinaire de l’éducation au développement durable en mettant en œuvre une démarche de projet. Des projets EDD existent aussi bien à l’initiative des enseignants que de celle de l’Institution. Ils s’inscrivent davantage dans un curriculum réel car les formations mises en œuvre s’axent davantage sur les connaissances épistémologiques en lien avec des objets de contexte que sur une approche praxéologique. Les enseignants tentent de s’emparer des objets de contexte mais éprouvent des difficultés à les transcender à travers des projets pédagogiques. Ces praticiens explicitent peu les situations pédagogiques qu’ils mettent en œuvre mais abordent les thématiques qui questionnent vivement la société. Ils déclarent qu’il faut enseigner les particularités du territoire mais s’orientent vers une EDD plutôt comportementaliste. Les ressources locales étant principalement dédiées à l’écologie tropicale, les enseignants utilisent des ressources nationales pour aborder d’autres thématiques. Les élèves ont une conception contextualisée du DD qu’ils appréhendent davantage dans leurs pratiques sociales que dans leurs pratiques scolaires. Ils perçoivent les enjeux locaux du DD en les distinguant de ceux de la France hexagonale. En ce sens, ils ont une certaine connaissance de la Guadeloupe qu’ils construisent par l’observation du réel à partir d’indicateurs différents de ceux de l’école. Leurs réponses traduisent le faible impact des enseignements relatifs au DD sur leurs connaissances des phénomènes environnementaux locaux même au niveau de l’écologie. En définitive, et ce fut une surprise, les objets de contexte apparaissent de manière forte et proche dans les conceptions des acteurs sociaux et celles des d’élèves. Cependant, si le système éducatif semble s’en emparer notamment au travers de projets EDD, les élèves semblent se confronter que légèrement aux objets de contexte, à l’école, pour construire des savoirs liés aux enjeux du DD basés sur les contextes guadeloupéens.Education for sustainable development (ESD) is a part of compulsory education in the ″cycle 3″ of primary school in France and its overseas territories since 2004. Due to its environmental dimension, ESD leaves a large part to relationships with territories, and should take into account environmental realities close to the pupils. As a part of the researches on the study of relationships between teaching and contexts, the aim of this thesis is to describe how the contexts are taken into account in ESD in Guadeloupe. Our premise consists in identifying contextual particularities, or more precisely what we call ″objects of context″, which have been defined by actors in sustainable development, in order to highlight contextual dimensions of the teaching of sustainable development on the one hand and pupils’ conceptions on the other hand.In methodological terms, semi-structured interviews with local actors were realized in order to identify and describe these objects of contexts. This is achieved in the second part of the work. The descriptive study of the education system, in the third part of the work, is based on the analysis of the official programs and of the contents of pedagogical projects, as well as on exchanges with teachers of primary school. The fourth part of the work presents the results of a questionnaire survey led with a representative sample of more than six hundred pupils of CM1 and CM2 school years in Guadeloupe.The conceptions of local actors of sustainable developments enable us to identify what we call ″objects of context″. This term, which appeared during the analysis of their interviews, evokes characteristics, features, things evokes characteristics, features, things specific to a given territory.Education for sustainable development (ESD) is a part of compulsory education in the ″cycle 3″ of primary school in France and its overseas territories since 2004. Due to its environmental dimension, ESD leaves a large part to relationships with territories, and should take into account environmental realities close to the pupils. As a part of the researches on the study of relationships between teaching and contexts, the aim of this thesis is to describe how the contexts are taken into account in ESD in Guadeloupe. Our premise consists in identifying contextual particularities, or more precisely what we call ″objects of context″, which have been defined by actors in sustainable development, in order to highlight contextual dimensions of the teaching of sustainable development on the one hand and pupils’ conceptions on the other hand.The conceptions of local actors of sustainable developments enable us to identify what we call ″objects of context″. This term, which appeared during the analysis of their interviews, evokes characteristics, features, things evokes characteristics, features, things specific to a given territory..The pupils have a contextualized design of the SD, which they understand more in their social than in their school practices. They perceive the local issues of the SD and are able to distinguish them from those of mainland France. In this sense, they have some knowledge of Guadeloupe they build by the observation of their concrete environment, from different criterions to those of the school. Their answers show the weak impact of teaching related to SD on their knowledge of environmental phenomena and even on the level of ecology.As a conclusion, and surprisingly, the objects of context appear in a strong and close way in the conceptions of social actors and those of students. However, if the educational system seems to grab those objects, particularly through SD projects, the effect on the construction of knowledge, linked to SD issues, based on the contexts of Guadeloupe, seems to be small
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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