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Liaghinella andina Forero, 2007, sp. nov.
No full textLiaghinella andina sp. nov. Diagnosis. L. andina differs from L. farri by the color pattern of antenna and fore leg, and in the structure of head and anteroventral series of profemur. In L. farri the scapus is fuscous, lighter at base with a submedian pale yellow annulus, whereas in L. andina it is completely yellowish and apically darkened. In L. farri the protibia has basal and submedian pale yellow annulus, and the protarsus is yellowish at base; L. andina has a large basal pale yellow annulus on the protibia, nearly half the length of the segment, and the protarsus is completely brownish. Another difference between the males of the two species is that the meso- and metafemora in L. farri have well defined pale annuli, whereas in L. andina these femora only have irregular pale markings. The head has a pair of prominent tubercles behind the transverse sulcus in L. farri, but such tubercles are absent in both sexes of L. andina, which have instead numerous setiferous tubercles. The structure of the anteroventral series of the profemur is quite different in the two species, as stated below in the description and in the key. The seventh abdominal tergite in the males of L. farri is abruptly pointed upwards apically, whereas in L. andina it is flattened and less pointed. The male genitalia are different in the two species: In L. farri the phallosoma is globular without any sclerotized parts, whereas in L. andina it is more cylindrical and with at least the apical half sclerotized. From all other Emesinae, L. andina is distinguished by its one-segmented protarsus, large process of profemur inserted on its base, particular color pattern, apterous condition, anteroventral series setae of profemur composed only of spiniform setae inserted on small tubercles, and body covered with numerous setiferous tubercles. Description. Apterous male: MEASUREMENTS (Holotype): Total length: 8.95. Head length: 1.40, width: 0.93, height: 0.70; interocular space 0.56; length of labial segments II: 0.43, III: 0.33, IV: 0.80; scapus: 2.56, pedicellus: 1.40, basiflagellomere: 0.20, distiflagellomere: 0.93. Thorax, pronotum length: 1.26, width: 0.96; mesonotum length: 0.83, width: 1.16; metanotum length: 0.40, width: 1.30. Legs, procoxa length: 1.66, width: 0.33; profemur length: 2.53, width: 0.48; protibia length: 1.20; protarsus length: 1.23; mesofemur length: 2.80, width: 0.20; mesotibia length: 3.36; length of mesotarsal segments I: 0.15, II: 0.07, III: 0.13; metafemur length: 4.13, width: 0.20; metatibia length: 4.86; length of mesotarsal segments I: 0.13, II: 0.08; III: 0.12. Abdomen, length: 5.06; maximum width: 1.46. COLORATION: Overall color dark brown, dull, antennae and tibiae yellowish brown (figs. 1 A, C). Head: Dark; clypeus apically light brown; anteocular region light brown, postocular region dark with a tenuous longitudinal yellowish line; labium yellowishbrown, somewhat darker at base of third (second visible) segment; antennae yellowish, scapus and pedicellus apically dark, basiflagellomere dark, distiflagellomere basally and apically dark. Thorax: Pronotum with blurred longitudinal narrow pale line; meso- and metanota with a yellowish longitudinal line, and paired lateral yellowish lines. Legs: Procoxa dorsally somewhat yellowish; profemur dark brown, dorsally yellowish brown with an irregular pattern of dark markings, three irregular pale spots laterally between the dark and yellowish areas (fig. 1 C); spiniferous processes of posteroventral series of profemur, including large basal one, yellowish with dark apices; meso- and metafemora dark brown with irregular and scattered pale markings; protibia yellowish, with base, apex, and ventral surface dark brown; meso- and metatibiae yellowish, darkened at base and apex, with sub-basal dark ring; protarsus light brown; meso- and metatarsi dark brown. Abdomen: Tergite I dark brown with pale longitudinal line, tergites II–V light brown, VI and VII darker; tubercles on each dorsal laterotergite segment pale; sternites dark brown. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Body covered with numerous setiferous tubercles and scattered small whitish setae; setae on tubercles hooklike, strongly curved (fig. 5 E). STRUCTURE: Head: Clypeus acute, with whitish setae on surface (fig. 2 B); scapus basally curved, remaining segments straight (fig. 1 A), pedicellus with an apical trichobothrium surrounded by small dense setae; anteocular region approximately twice as long as postocular, the latter gently constricted towards neck (fig. 1 A); interocular sulcus running before eyes, curved posteriorly, strongly impressed (fig. 2 A); eyes rounded, small, not reaching upper or bottom edge of head in lateral view (fig. 2 B); gula with numerous very short dense golden setae, area next to gula glabrous; labial segment II wide, slightly curved; III as wide as II at base, tapering apically; IV nearly straight, slightly curved at apex, narrow, reaching stridulatory sulcus (fig. 2 B). Thorax: Pronotum cylindrical, declivent, ovoid in dorsal view, about as long as meso- and metanota combined, anterolateral angles blunt, slightly excavated medially before posterior margin; meso- and metanota bell-shaped, with slightly impressed median longitudinal carina, and paired lateral rows of setiferous tubercles; mesonotum constricted anteriorly (fig. 2 A, arrow); stridulatory sulcus triangular, slightly surpassing procoxal cavities, lateral margins strongly projected as flap-like processes; prosternum with posterior margin emarginated; meso- and metasterna with strongly elevated median longitudinal carina. Legs: Procoxa cylindrical, about half length of profemur; meso- and metacoxae globose, laterally with numerous whitish setae; trochanters on all legs elongate ovoid; profemur wider than procoxa, narrow basally and apically, barely longer than protibia and protarsus combined; posteroventral series not interrupted at base, composed of apically blunt, small and medium-sized spiniform processes intermixed with setae, basal process larger than any of series (fig. 2 C, arrow), setae longer than processes (fig. 2 C); anteroventral series not interrupted at base (fig. 2 D, arrow), composed of spiniform setae arising from short bases (fig. 2 D), apex of series with medium-sized spiniform tubercle; accessory series composed of very short spiniform tubercles; meso- and metafemora long, slender, about half width of procoxa; mesofemur straight; metafemur curved basally in dorsal view (fig. 1 A); protibia subequal in length to protarsus, ventroapically with dense patch of long setae, and with one row of triangular tubercles on ventral surface (fig. 5 A); meso- and metatibiae straight; protarsus long, heavily sclerotized, ventrally with two rows of small, relatively long, heavily sclerotized adpressed spiniform processes (fig. 5 B); meso- and metatarsi three-segmented; fore claws unequal in size, lateral shorter than the medial one, former with inconspicuous, latter with conspicuous ventral, medially incised lamella (fig. 5 C); mid and hind claws larger than fore claws, medial and lateral claws symmetrical, with a distinct ventral lamella, incised more basally than fore claws (fig. 5 D). Abdomen: Broadly joined with metanotum, and with scattered whitish setae on entire ventral surface; tergite I triangular, with a median longitudinal carina; tergites II–VI each with irregular fine transverse lines, and with a medial tubercle on posterior margin, somewhat elevated in tergites V–VI; tergite VII elevated laterally and somewhat excavated medially in proximal half, covering pygophore on its distal half (fig. 3 A), apically triangular, flat, blunt (fig. 3 C), with transverse lines and a few whitish setae; dorsal laterotergites slightly wider than ventral laterotergites, with relatively more whitish small setae than tergites, each segment with a small blunt tubercle directed posteriad; each sternite partially covering the respective ventral laterotergite; sternites II–VII with a medial longitudinal carina; sternite VIII completely visible with spiracles located on sclerites projecting posteriad, posterior margin broadly cleft medially (fig. 2 F). Genitalia: Pygophore relatively large, with scattered whitish setae; medial process on posterior margin of pygophore rectangular, slightly directed backwards (fig. 3 B), gently constricted before apex, with two blunt processes projecting laterad (fig. 3 E); parameres externally visible, long, with numerous setae, L-shaped in lateral view, hook-shaped apically, strongly produced (fig. 3 G); aedeagus symmetrical, cylindrical; articulatory apparatus strongly curved in lateral view; dorsal phallothecal sclerite heavily sclerotized on distal half, dorsoapically with a drop-like notch; phallotheca with ventral sclerotization noticeable in lateral view; basal plate struts apparently not joining phallotheca, hardly visible in lateral view; endosoma with small and medium sized dark sclerotized spiniform processes; apical endosomal process protruding from apex of phallotheca in uninflated condition, rounded apically in dorsal view, with several dorsally denticulate, sawlike processes in lateral view (fig. 3 H). Apterous female: Similar to male but slightly larger and wider. MEASUREMENTS (one paratype): Total length: 9.45. Head length: 1.43, width: 0.96, height: 0.73; interocular space 0.60; length of labial segments II: 0.50, III: 0.36, IV: 0.83; scapus: 2.60, pedicellus: 1.43, basiflagellomere: 0.16, distiflagellomere: 1.00. Thorax, pronotum length: 1.33, width: 1.03; mesonotum length: 0.83, width: 1.50; metanotum length: 0.46, width: 1.30. Legs, procoxa length: 1.73, width: 0.33; profemur length: 2.86, width: 0.56; protibia length: 1.27; protarsus length: 1.33; mesofemur length: 2.80, width: 0.20; mesotibia length: 3.40; lengths of mesotarsal segments I: 0.16, II: 0.12, III: 0.15; metafemur length: 3.93, width: 0.20; metatibia length: 4.73; lengths of metatarsal segments I: 0.20, II: 0.12; III: 0.16. Abdomen length: 5.40; maximum width: 1.90. COLORA- TION: Very similar to male’s (figs. 1 B, D), except as follows. Thorax: Legs: Procoxa dorsally yellowish; meso- and metafemora yellowish, mesofemur with two irregular subapical dark rings, metafemur with one subapical ring. Abdomen: Dorsally dark brown; each dorsal laterotergite segment with an anterolateral yellowish spot. STRUCTURE: Thorax: Anteroventral series of profemur with spiniform tubercle at apex of series larger than in male. Abdomen: Dorsal laterotergites with tubercles strongly projecting posteriorly, in particular segment VII; sternum VII preapically concave (figs. 1 D, 4 A). Genitalia: Tergite VIII transverse, not clearly separated from tergite IX, spiracles located on a lateral rounded sclerite, posterior margin with elevated ridge, medial longitudinal carina, and paired ovoid protuberances; tergite IX elongate, subrectangular, with tenuous transverse ridges, medially prominent transverse carina elevated longitudinally, carina reaching posterior margin, with paired lateral prominent elongate protuberances, posterior margin broadly emarginate; first gonocoxa broadly rounded in lateral view, with minute transverse ridges; first gonapophysis usually not protruding (figs. 4 A, B); opening of the anus with numerous setae. Egg: Subcylindrical, somewhat ovoid at base, shiny black; chorion without noticeable microsculpturation; operculum reticulated, with its center elevated; corona with 12 long slender prolongations (fig. 4 D); adherent substance present at base, light brown, sometimes almost imperceptible. Late instar: COLORATION: Overall color light brown. Head: Area between eyes somewhat paler than the rest; setiferous tubercles with pale bases; eyes red; antennae brown, scapus yellowish at the base, distiflagellomere mostly yellowish, slightly darkened at base. Thorax: Pronotum somewhat dark anteriorly, with a central pale area; sterna dark brown. Legs: Profemur with two lateral and three medial yellowish spots; processes of posteroventral series yellowish, with dark apices; protibia with inconspicuous median pale ring; protarsus brownish, yellowish basally; middle and hind legs yellowish, with an irregular dark and pale pattern. Abdomen: Dorsally yellowish, ventrally dark brown. STRUCTURE: Head: Nearly oval; postocular region with numerous large setiferous tubercles, smaller tubercles on vertex; clypeus with small apical tubercle; eyes circular in lateral view, neither reaching superior nor inferior margins of head; postocular sulcus deeply impressed; labium enlarged; scapus basally curved, longer than remaining segments, basiflagellomere the shortest, distiflagellomere slightly longer than pedicellus, somewhat expanded apically. Thorax: Pronotum wider on anterior margin than posterior one, with numerous setiferous tubercles, anterolateral angles blunt, convex in lateral view, more convex posteriorly; mesonotum constricted anteriorly but wide, with lateral carina bearing setiferous tubercles; coxal cavities and part of coxae visible from above; meso- and metapleura with setiferous tubercles; prosternum flat with a few setiferous tubercles. Legs: Procoxa cylindrical, protrochanter without spines, profemur somewhat cylindrical, narrow basally and apically; anteroventral series of profemur not interrupted at base, composed of small spiniform setae inserted on wart-like bases, apex of series with small tubercle; posteroventral series composed of five medium-sized processes, several small ones, and a basal process twice as large as other tubercles of series, all intermixed with long setae; protibia expanded apically, with hook-shaped processes on ventral surface and a tuft of setae ventroapically; protarsus not segmented; mid and hind legs with curved, hook-like setae on femora and tibiae; meso- and metacoxae globose; meso- and metatrochanters subequal in size to respective coxa; meso- and metafemora cylindrical, straight, slightly expanded apically, metafemur slightly curved in dorsal view; meso- and metatibiae straight, slender than respective femur; meso- and metatarsi two-segmented, setose ventrally, segment I shorter than II. Abdomen: Broadly jointed with metanotum, narrowing posteriorly, with lateral margins subparallel; tergites flat; each dorsal laterotergite posteriorly with a small protuberance preceded of small, scattered setiferous tubercles; sternites convex, with numerous curved setae. Type material: Male holotype: COLOMBIA. Cundinamarca. Bogotá D.C., Quebrada La Vieja (04º 38 ’N 74 º02’W), 2850 m, 29 jul 2001, D. Forero, leg. / Liaghinella andina Forero / HOLOTYPE (red label) [UNCB]. Paratypes: [same data as holotype], 2 jun 2001 / Liaghinella andina Forero / PARATYPE (green label), 1;f [UNCB]; [same data as holotype], 5 may 2001 / Liaghinella andina Forero / PARATYPE (green label), 1;f [UNCB]; [same data as holotype], 26 ago 2001 / Liaghinella andina Forero / PARATYPE (green label), 1;f [MUJ]; [same data as holotype], 27 oct 2001 / Liaghinella andina Forero / PARATYPE (green label), 2;f;f [AMNH]. Other material examined: One nymph: COLOMBIA. Boyacá. Villa de Leyva (05º 38 ’N 73 º 31 ’W), ~ 2300m, “bosque Murciélagos”. 5 nov 1998. D.Forero, leg. (Colectado en trampa Winkler) / Liaghinella andina Forero [IAVH, in alcohol]. Etymology. The name refers to the localities in which the specimens were collected, at Bogotá and Villa de Leyva, both situated high on the eastern Colombian Andes.Published as part of Forero, Dimitri, 2007, Description of a new species of Liaghinella (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae) from the Colombian Andes, with notes on its feeding habits and conservation status, pp. 55-68 in Zootaxa 1502 on pages 56-61, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17711
Sponge spicule flux in Antarctic water column studied by sediment trap.
No full textIn Antarctic ecosystems, siliceous sponges play a pivotal role at different levels. They are one of the main components of the benthic biota showing species diversity and biomass levels comparable with those of tropical habitats. Demosponges and hexactinellids play a crucial role in the benthic-pelagic coupling absorbing large amounts of dissolved silica that is accumulated in the opaline spicules of their skeleton.When sponges decay, the biogenic silica stored in their skeletons sunk in the sediments where, under the action of the currents, it accumulates in thick mats representing secondary biogenic substrata for benthic organisms. These free spicules show a negligible rate of dissolution representing therefore a net depletion of the dissolved silica from the system.The fluxes of biogenic silica in Antarctic waters have been mainly studied with particular regard to diatom frustules while no quantitative data are available for sponge spicules.In this paper we present the daily fluxes of sponge spicules in a sediment trap placed on a mooring 461 m depth on a bottom of 514 m depth in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea) from February 2003 to February 2005. The trend of the spicule sink, ranging from 7 to 19000 spicules m-2 d-1, is strongly correlated with that of total sediments with maximum values during the austral summer and minimum during winter. Spicule fluxes are significantly different among the years: the annual maximal values are always recorded in February with values of 5000, 19000 and 8000 spicules m-2 d-1, respectively for 2003, 2004 and 2005.
The spicule weight, obtained from the biovolume, indicates that these structures represents 1-2% of the total sediments. From a quantitative point of view, demosponges and hexactinellids contribute with a similar amount to the total spicule number. Also the entire spicules and the fragments are almost evenly represented in the trap, suggesting an equivalent supply from living sponges and from sediment resuspensio
Liaghinella tuberculata Castro-Huertas & Forero 2017, sp. nov.
No full textLiaghinella tuberculata sp. nov. Forero & Castro-Huertas (Figs. 3‒6, 7) Holotype: Male: COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca, Reserva Chicaque, refugio, 4°36,892´N 74°18,677´W, 2,221 m, 8‒12 abr 2013, D. Forero leg. / cerca al refugio bajo Ficus, en hojarasca, noche [near to refuge, under Ficus, in forest litter, at night] / Liaghinella tuberculata sp. nov. Forero & Castro-Huertas 2017 / MPUJ _ ENT 0 0 10584 (MPUJ). Paratypes: 3 Females. Same locality data / MPUJ_ENT 0 0 10771 / MPUJ_ENT 0 0 29637 / MPUJ_ENT 0 0 46844 (MPUJ); 2 Males. Same locality data / MPUJ_ENT 0 0 29636 / MPUJ_ENT 0 0 29638 (MPUJ); 1 Male. Same locality data / MPUJ_ENT 0 0 29639 (AMNH); 1 Male. Same locality data / MPUJ_ENT 0 0 29635 (NMNH). Other specimens examined: Last instar nymph: Same locality data. Liaghinella andina Forero, 2007: Male: COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca, Reserva Chicaque, robledal, 0 4.6172500 °N 74.3139500 °W, 2,250m, 23 ene 2015, E. Tulande / colecta manual, bajo hojarasca de Quercus sp. y Clusia sp., colecta nocturna [manual collecting, under forest litter of Quercus spp. and Clusia sp., night collect], 23h. / MPUJ _ ENT 0 0 47555 (MPUJ). Diagnosis. Recognized by a pair of medial tubercles on the posterior margin of the pronotum (Figs. 3 C‒E; 4C‒E), meso- and metanotum with three longitudinal carinae and posterior margin of the meso- and metanotum with paired short tubercles on lateral carinae (Figs. 3 A, 5B), clypeus with a short spine (Fig. 3 F, 5F), posterolateral angles of dorsal laterotergites produced as a short tubercle (Figs. 3 B, 5B). Description. Apterous male (total length, holotype 11.6 mm; head length, 1.5 mm; prothorax length, 1.9 mm; meso- and metathorax length, 2.2 mm; abdomen length, 5.9 mm). Color. Head: Ventrally dark brown, dorsally with several pale brown spots (Fig. 3 F). Clypeus spine dark brown, first and second segments of the labium basally dark brown and distally whitish, third segment of the labium dark brown. Scapus pale brown and distally dark brown, flagellomeres dark brown. Thorax: Ventrally dark brown, dorsally pale brown, laterally with several whitish spots (Figs. 3 C‒D); procoxal cavity pale brown, meso- and metacoxal cavities dark brown with a whitish fine line on the posterior margin; proleg dark brown with several whitish portions, procoxae ventrally dark brown and dorsally pale brown, protrochanter dark brown, profemur ventrally dark brown and dorsally pale brown with some spots whitish laterally; protibia dark brown, medial and basally whitish; protarsus dark brown basally yellow; meso- and meta coxae and trochanter dark brown, meso- and metafemur dark brown with a several dispersal spots whitish, meso- and meta tibiae pale brown with several dark brown dispersal spots, meso-and metatarsi dark brown. Abdomen: Pale brown with several whitish spots; pygophore pale brown (Fig. 3 A). Vestiture: Body covered with numerous setiferous tubercles. Head: Dorsally with setiferous tubercles, ventrally with dense setae; antennal scapus with numerous, short setae; labium glabrous. Structure. Head: Elongated, interocular sulcus deep, clypeus with a short spine; eyes globose in dorsal view, elongate ovoid in lateral view (Fig. 3 F); antenna slender, scapus longer than others segments; first flagellomere shortest segment; first visible labial segment short, second visible labial segment swollen, about as long as second segment, third visible segment slender, about twice the length of the fourth segment. Thorax: Pronotum longer than wide, about as long as meso- and metanotum together; lateral angles of the anterior margin with rounded tubercles (Figs. 3 C‒E), posterior margin with a pair of conspicuous medial tubercles directed dorsad; meso- and metanotum with three longitudinal carinae, posterior margin of meso- and metanotum with paired short tubercles each on lateral carinae; stridulitrum narrow. Legs: Proleg distinctly wider and shorter than meso- and metaleg; procoxa elongate, profemur about as long as three times the protibiae and wider; profemur with posteroventral series composed by spiniform process and setae, and located near to the base of article (Fig. 3 D), profemur with anteroventral series compose by a row of setae; protibia ventrally with a row of triangular denticles; protibial comb present; protarsus one segmented about as long as protibia and with two claws; meso- and metalegs larger and slender. Abdomen: elongate, abdominal tergites I‒VI with a short median tubercle on the posterior margin; dorsal laterotergites with projections on lateroposterior margin produced dorsad (Fig. 3 B), distal margin of tergite VII acute. Male genitalia: Pygophore elongated and ventrally produced (Figs. 4 C‒E); posterior margin of the pygophore with a medial process (mpp), dorsal margin concave (Fig. 4 E), process nearly vertical with a broad basal caudad protuberance (Fig. 4 C); genital opening (go) and anterior opening (ao) separated by a wide transverse bridge (br) (Fig. 4 D); area surrounding paramere socket (ps) with long, delicate setae (Fig. 4 E). Paramere elongated and curved in their apical portion; body of the paramere with uniform diameter; apical curved portion cylindrical and apex acute, lateroventrally with long setae on distal region (Fig. 4 G). Arms of articulatory apparatus (apt) strongly curved in lateral view (Fig. 4 G); dorsal phallothecal sclerite elongated; dorsoapically with a drop-like notch. Aedeagus symmetrical, cylindrical; endosoma with numerous tubercle-shaped sclerites (tss) (Figs. 4 F‒G). Apterous female (Figs. 5 A‒F) (total length, 12.3 mm; head length, 2.8 mm; prothorax length, 3.5 mm; meso- and metathorax length, 2.2 mm; abdomen length, 6.5 mm). Similar to male, slightly larger and wider. Color. Very similar to male’s except as follows. Thorax: Dark brown, dorsally with several whitish spots (Fig. 5 E). Abdomen: Dark brown with several spots whitish, abdominal tergite IX pale brown. Structure. Abdomen: laterotergites with posterolateral dorsad projections larger than on the male (Figs. 5 A‒B). Female genitalia: Tergite 8 (T8) oval, with the caudal margin (mpm8) rounded, medially with a longitudinal carina; tergite 9 (T9) nearly rectangular with the distal margin (mpm9) emarginated (Fig. 6 C); gonocoxa 8 (gcx8) nearly quadrangular, short and wide, with the lateral anterior area produced into a prolongation (lap) sinuous apically (Fig. 6 D); gonapophysis 8 (gap8) nearly triangular with some sparse setae medially; gonocoxa 9 (gcx9) elongated; gonapophysis 9 (gap9) small and elongated; gonoplac (gpl) rounded, fused medially, with a subapical ventral projection and longer setae on the apical margin (Fig. 6 A); bursa copulatrix (bc) elongate, ventral medial surface of bursa copulatrix transversely striated; with ring gland (gr) present, situated transverse across to the bursa (Fig. 6 A). Etymology. The specific name tuberculata is taken from the Latin “tuberculum” (protuberance, tubercle) because of the conspicuous paired tubercles of the posterior margin of the pronotum of this species. Biology. The specimens were founded under forest litter and in very humid conditions. The specimens were collected when active, exclusively at night, similar to what was found for L. andina (Forero 2007). Distribution. Specimens of L. tuberculata were recently collected in one of the few relicts of high Andean forest near to urban areas (Fig. 7). “Parque Natural Chicaque” is a private reserve with 300 hectares of the wet montane forest with an altitudinal gradient between 2,000 to 2,700 meters (Jardin Botánico de Bogotá 1998). Discussion. This new species is very similar to L. heldamariae sp. nov., but can be separated from the characters stated in the key above. It is also related to L. andina and L. farri, but several differences, particularly in the structure of head, structure of the thorax, and male and female genitalia, as stated above, allow distinguishing this species. The male and female genitalia in Liaghinella have valuable taxonomic information to separate species. The medial process of the pygophore is spiniform in L. farri (Wygodzinsky 1966), rectangular with a straight apex in L. andina (Forero 2007) and rectangular with the apex concave in L. tuberculata sp. nov. The apex of the paramere is strongly curved in L. andina and L. farri. The anterior and posterior opening of the pygophore are narrow in L. andina and wider in L. tuberculata. The particular sclerotizations of the endosoma are different between the known males: in L. farri are small and more homogeneous, whereas in L. andina and L. tuberculata sp. nov. are more strongly sclerotized and less homogenous. In the female genitalia, the structure of the tergites 8 and 9 are characteristic at least in L. andina, L. heldamariae sp. nov., and L. tuberculata sp. nov. All these attributes found in the Colombian species point to a marked difference between L. farri and the Colombian species. The holotype of L. farri is not well preserved (D.Forero, pers. obs), thus a reexamination of it will not be very helpful, in particular with regard to the male genitalia. Only further collecting for additional specimens and sexes, coupled with a phylogenetic analysis of all related taxa will clarify the relationships among species and will help to decide if the species from Colombia are really congeneric with the species from Jamaica. Small range distributions of Liaghinella in the high Andes. Biogeographic hypotheses of Heteroptera have focused on the groups with medical and economic importance. Within the Cimicomorpha, Triatominae among Reduviidae have been the focus of studies about distributional patterns (Ferrari et al. 2015). However, the distribution of the Heteroptera fauna in the Neotropics is still poorly known, particularly on the high Andes in Colombia. This lack of information hinders the ability to identify and prioritize critical areas for conservation efforts and to understand the evolution of these areas in the Andes. Species of Liaghinella found Colombia have small range distributions on the eastern Colombian Andes. Harvey (2002) proposed that less than 10.000 km 2 can qualify as a short-range endemic group, as is apparently the case with the Andean Liaghinella species. Liaghinella andina is found in two localities less than 50 kilometers apart, L. heldamariae is found again in two localities set apart by about 130 kilometers, and L. tuberculata is found only in its type locality (Fig. 7). At least two species of Liaghinella are always in the same or very close localities for most of its range. This might be considered as sympatric, but in fact L. tuberculata and L. andina are not found at the same altitude in Chicaque, with L. andina always higher than L. tuberculata. It is not clear if this difference is due to an association to particular habitats, but at least with the data at hand it might not be the case. Liaghinella andina was described from a high Andean forest, and the habitat of the specimen from Chicaque is an Oak forest (Quercus humboldtii). Similarly, L. heldamariae is found in paramo in Monserrate at about 3,000 meters, whereas L. andina is found nearby but at a lower altitude in a high Andean forest. Therefore, we argue that although all these species are found in relatively nearby localities, they are separated by the altitude in which they are found. In Colombia, only a broad-shouldered water strider heteropteran (Veliidae: Rhagovelia, Padilla & Moreira 2013) has been documented with respect to altitudinal ranges. Studies with carabid beetles indicate that the high rates of microendemism in the high Andes of Ecuador are associated with climate, humid areas, volcanism, and others variables, resulting in conditions for the diversification of a highly specialized montane fauna (Moret 2005, 2009). This could be also the case for some groups in Heteroptera, highlighting the importance of Andean forests in diversification processes of Colombian Heteroptera. If further collecting show that the high Andean species of Liaghinella have in fact small distribution ranges, this will affect negatively the extinction probabilities of their populations because they will be more susceptible to climate change (Prather et al. 2013) and anthropogenic transformations of the landscape affecting the Andes.Published as part of Castro-Huertas, Valentina & Forero, Dimitri, 2017, Small range distributions in the high Andes: two new species of Liaghinella (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae) from Colombia, pp. 399-412 in Zootaxa 4277 (3) on pages 404-411, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4277.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/81072
Fundación Gutiérrez Forero, Servicios juveniles y complementos pedagógicos para una educación de calidad.
No full textEn La Fundación Gutiérrez Forero se propone la elección de un Modelo Pedagógico que contribuye a formar al estudiante desde su Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI) siendo este lo que la sociedad requiere y espera. Fundamentando su Modelo Pedagógico en la relación entre el docente, el saber y los estudiantes, estando así determinado por variables sociales, políticas y culturales que se presentan en los diferentes contextos, por la concepción que se tiene de sociedad, sujeto, aprendizaje y conocimiento, de igual manera las relaciones entre las diferentes teorías educativas basadas en los campos del saber epistemológico, pedagógico y psicológico.
La importancia de fomentar y prestar servicios de apoyo pedagógico a instituciones educativas ya sean de carácter público o privado a través de talleres y salidas de complemento pedagógico por medio de servicios de acompañamiento; una constante innovación pedagógica para estar a la vanguardia, promover el desarrollo integral por medio de la construcción de un proyecto de vida, el desarrollo humano, formación en valores y principios.The Gutiérrez Forero Foundation proposes the choice of a Pedagogical Model that contributes to educating the student from their Institutional Educational Project (PEI), this being what society requires and expects. Basing its Pedagogical Model on the relationship between the teacher, knowledge and students, thus being determined by social, political and cultural variables that occur in different contexts, by the conception of society, subject, learning and knowledge, in the same way the relationships between the different educational theories based on the fields of epistemological, pedagogical and psychological knowledge.
The importance of promoting and providing pedagogical support services to educational institutions, whether public or private, through workshops and educational outings through accompanying services; a constant pedagogical innovation to be at the forefront, promote comprehensive development through the construction of a life project, human development, training in values and principles.1. Introducción. -- 2. Descripción de la idea de negocio. -- 3. Justificación. -- 4. Plan de trabajo. -- 5. Cronograma de trabajo. -- 6. Carácter situacional. -- 7. Planteamiento problema. -- 8. Objetivo plan de negocio. -- 9. Objetivos específicos. -- 10. Marco teórico. -- 11. Marco conceptual. -- 12. Conceptos claves. -- 13. Propuesta plan de negocio. -- 14. Nombre de la empresa. -- 15. Objetivo general fundación Gutiérrez Forero. -- 16. Misión. -- 17. Visión. -- 18. Valores que se viven en la Fundación Gutiérrez Forero. -- 19. Logo. -- 20. Eslogan. -- 21. Marco legal del sector. -- 22. Clasificación de actividad económica. -- 23. Factores normativos y legales. -- 24. Normatividad. -- 25. Documentación y formularios. -- 26. Estrategias de comunicación y promoción. -- 27. Estudio del mercado. -- 28. Instrumentos. -- 29. Ubicación, proyección y ejecución. -- 30. Ventajas competitivas y propuestas de valor. -- 31. Análisis de riesgo. -- 32. Portafolio de servicios. -- 33. Referencias. -- 34. Tabla 1. Plan de trabajo. -- 35. Tabla 2. Cronograma de trabajo. -- 36. Tabla 3. FODA. -- 37. Tabla 4. Normatividad. -- 38. Tabla 5 Gastos únicos. -- 39. Tabla 6 Gastos fijos. -- 40. Tabla 7 Valor del portafolio. -- 41. Tabla 8 Descripción. -- 42. Tabla 9 Gastos variables - Opción 1. -- 43. Tabla 10 Gastos variables - Opción 2. -- 44. Tabla 11 Horarios de trabajo. -- 45. Tabla 12. Portafolio de servicios. -- 46. Imagen 1. Organigrama. -- 47. Imagen 2. [email protected]@campusucc.edu.c
G. M. Hopkins
No full text[sound recording] / Brendan O'Grady. G. B. Shaw by Fran Frazer.; 1 sound cassette (60 minutes); Broadcast on CFCY Radio, Charlottetown, March 07 & 11, 1974.; G. B. ShawSource type: Electronic(1
Apiomerus barrocoloradoi Forero, Berniker & Szerlip, 2010, sp. nov.
No full textApiomerus barrocoloradoi sp. nov. Figures 1–7 Diagnosis. Recognized by the elongate forewing membrane, surpassing the abdomen by about 1 / 3 of its length (Fig. 1); the apex of metafemur and base of metatibia yellow (Fig. 1, arrows); the median process of the pygophore strongly bifid, with the rami nearly horizontal in posterior view, and a short, wide base (Figs. 4 A, B); the parameres L-shaped, cylindrical, with a swollen base and enlarged apex (Figs. 5 C, D); the lateral sclerotizations of the endosoma triangular and recurved (Figs. 5 E, F, lats); the caudal margin of tergite 8 in females entire (Fig. 4 C); the bursa copulatrix with lateral lobes (Figs. 6 A, C); and the dorsal-most fold of the sclerotized transversal folds of the bursa copulatrix triangular and knob-shaped (Figs. 6 A, B, dmf). Description. MALE: Medium-sized; total average length 21.36 (SD ± 1.1) mm (Table 1). COLORATION (Fig. 1): HEAD: Dark brown. THORAX: Pronotum with anterior lobe always dark brown, posterior lobe from dark brown to yellow, sometimes forming patterns. Scutellum disc dark brown. Mesoscutum usually yellow, sometimes dark brown. Thoracic pleura from dark brown to pale yellow, sometimes pale yellow with dark areas. Hemelytron: Corium usually yellow with apex dark brown, but commonly highly variable, from completely dark brown with apical veins yellow, to pale brown medially and yellow at base and apex; membrane from dark brown to pale yellow. Legs: Foreleg either completely dark brown, or with femur partially or completely yellow, and tibia with apical 3 / 4 black, sometimes with base yellow; coxa and trochanter dark brown or partially yellow. Midleg similar to foreleg. Hindleg with basal 3 / 4 of femur dark brown, apex yellow; and tibia with base yellow and apical 3 / 4 dark brown. ABDOMEN: Dark brown; connexival segments with a small, rounded, pale yellow spot on the anterior margin of each segment; sternite VII medially with an anterior broad band or two broad pale yellow spots, sometimes sternites V and VI with median pale yellow areas. Pygophore completely dark brown or with two small, rounded, pale yellow spots below the posterior margin. VESTITURE: Densely setose. HEAD: Gula with two longitudinal rows of dense, sericeous setae; gular tubercle with short and long, dense, sericeous setae (Fig. 2 C). THORAX: Pronotum, anterior lobe with short dense setae on lateral ridges. Posterior lobe with short, sparse setae, intermixed with long very sparse setae. Scutellum with short, dense, sericeous setae on disc; lateral margins with simple, long setae. Mesoscutum with dense, simple, long setae medially on posterior margin. Legs: Fore and mid tibiae densely setose (Fig. 3 A). Hind tibia sparsely setose. Metatibial comb highly variable, composed of 1 to 25 setae, but more commonly of 15–20 setae (Fig. 3 E). ABDOMEN: Margin of connexivum with short, dense, decumbent setae; intermixed with sparse, mid-sized setae. Pygophore with posterior margin densely setose, setae very long. STRUCTURE: HEAD (Fig. 2 A, B): Basal gular tubercle medium-sized, rounded (Fig. 2 A, C). Scapus about two times anteocular length; pedicel as long as scapus, with numerous trichobothria (Fig. 2 D). THORAX: Pronotum 1.3 times wider than long (Fig. 2 E); anterolateral angle rounded; anterior pronotal lobe subquadrate, shorter than posterior lobe, about half as wide as posterior lobe, disc slightly convex, longitudinal groove as a deep ovate depression close to transverse sulcus, surface with conspicuous ridges (Fig. 2 F); posterior pronotal lobe smooth, disc slightly convex, posterior margin straight, submedian sulcus obsolete, humeral angle rounded. Thoracic pleura as in figure 2 G. Scutellum triangular, lateral margin rounded, disc elevated, posterior margin rounded, not produced (Fig. 2 H). Mesoscutum visible dorsally, posterior margin gently rounded (Fig. 2 H). Legs: Stout. Fore femur similar to mid and hind femora; femora subapically slightly protruding. Pretarsus with simple claws (Fig. 3 C). Hemelytron: Exceeding tip of abdomen by about 1 / 3 of its length; quadrangular cell present (Fig. 3 D); cubital cell slightly longer than postcubital cell, expanded in apical half with apex acute, base narrower than that of postcubital cell; postcubital cell nearly parallel sided, apex of postcubital cell triangular. ABDOMEN: Elongate ovoid, slightly convex ventrally. Connexiva expanded beyond margin of hemelytron. Abdominal sternites distinct; spiracles of 2 nd to 7 th sternites flat on sternite. Sclerotized portion of sternite VIII restricted to ventral half of segment, segment VIII about half the length of pygophore, posterior margin concave, 8 th spiracle in membrane. GENITALIA: Pygophore elongate ovoid, about 1 / 4 length of abdomen (Figs. 4 A; 5 A, B), genital opening dorsally with distinct paired sclerites (tergite 9); inner margin of genital opening strongly elevated, rounded, proximal area flat (imarg, Fig. 5 A, B). Pygophore bridge absent, only strong sclerotized protuberances present (prt, Fig. 5 A, B); anterior opening of pygophore with smooth rim (rim, Fig. 5 A). Median process of pygophore bifid (Figs. 4 A, 5 A), nearly vertical (Fig. 5 B); rami inserted on base (Fig. 4 B); base inserted on posterior margin; rami in caudal view gently concave, nearly horizontal, ramus shorter than base width, apical portion produced as a small, acute projection, directed downwards (Fig. 4 B). Paramere insertion in apical 1 / 3 of pygophore (Fig. 5 A, B); inverted L-shaped; cylindrical; apex expanded; base of paramere enlarged (Fig. 5 C, D); distal portion of body of paramere smooth; distal portion of paramere socket not produced medially. Tergite 9 divided in proximal and distal sclerites (Fig. 5 I); proximal portion rugose, with short, stout, simple setae on caudal margin; distal portion strongly convex, with short, delicate setae on whole distal portion; medial area of distal portion with a non-sclerotized, circular area (Fig. 5 I, J, arrows). Aedeagus globular. Basal articulatory apparatus broad, trapezoidal, dorsal portion enlarged (dpba; Fig. 5 H), arms wide (aba; Fig. 5 H); plate bridge stout (plbrg; Fig. 5 H), process absent; ductifer sclerotized, circular (duc; Fig. 5 H); plate extension in lateral view about as long as basal plate, angled (pext; Fig. 5 F), in ventral view with margins expanded distally (Fig. 5 F). Dorsal phallothecal sclerite (DPS) heavily sclerotized, longer than wide, posterior margin rounded, carinated; apex wide, more than half the width of the DPS; each lateral margin with a small emargination subapically (dps; Fig. 5 E); disc slightly convex (dps; Fig. 5 F). Phallosoma slightly sclerotized laterally. Endosomal struts reaching midpoint of DPS, slender, fused at base and apex, but not medially; curved in proximal half; parallel in distal half (str; Fig. 5 E). Endosoma with basal lateral lobe present, flap-like, shaped as 2 separate lobes; distal lobe lightly sclerotized, proximal lobe membranous (latlb; Fig. 5 E, F). Dorso-lateral lobe subdivided in a proximal and distal portion; completely membranous (dltlb; Fig. 5 E). Median, basal sclerotization divided in left and right portions, subdivided in proximal and distal portions; lobes highly sclerotized (mbs; Fig. 5 E); proximal lobe ovoid with apex acute, distal lobe elongate-ovoid with rounded apex and shrivelled surface. Median dorsal lobe small, with nearly transverse, non-sclerotized rugosities (mdlb; Fig. 5 F). Lateral sclerotizations with proximal portion nearly triangular in dorsal view; base of proximal portion twisted and extended medially; distal portion slightly sclerotized (lats; Fig. 5 E, F). Distal dorsal lobe with horseshoe-shaped field of strong denticles (fdt; Fig. 5 E). Basal, ventral lobes small and triangular (bvlb; Fig. 5 G). Median ventral area of endosoma with very small denticles. Distal, ventral paired lobes small (usually not inflated and difficult to see) (vplb; Fig. 5 G). FEMALE: Larger than male (Table 1), similar to it except in the following. COLORATION: Pronotum usually completely dark brown; sometimes posterior margin with a narrow, pale yellow strip on areas next to scutellum. Abdomen usually completely dark brown. VESTITURE: Legs: Metatibial comb dense (Fig. 3 F). STRUCTURE: ABDOMEN: Tergite 8 with margin entire (Fig. 4 C). GENITALIA: Syntergite 9 / 10 (Figs. 4 D–F; 6 E) about two times wide as long; proximal half flat; lateral margins rounded, broadly produced (lmarg, Fig. 6 E); distal margin slightly emarginate (dmarg, Fig. 6 E). Gonocoxa 8 (Fig. 4 F; 6 D) about as wide as long, posterior margin straight; median, posterior angle with short, dense setae; apex of lateral prolongation broadly rounded. Gonapophysis 8 with apical portion acute; cephalic portion prolonged into bursa, strongly sclerotized, apex knob-like, strongly protruding (prgap 8, Fig. 6 B, C). Gonocoxa 9 (gcx 9, Fig. 6 A, B) broad dorsally, narrowing on ventral portion. Gonapophysis 9 (gap 9, Fig. 6 A) long and tapering, reaching apex of gonapophysis 8. Gonoplac (gpl, Figs. 4 F; 6 A–C) not fused medially; dorsomedial projection short, reaching middle of apex of ventral projection; apex of dorsomedial projection with numerous (about 5–7), stout, short setae; ventral projection slightly flattened laterally and concave medially; apex of ventral projection with numerous, short (and a few long), dense setae. Bursa copulatrix membranous, without median dorsal sclerites (Fig. 6 A); ovoid, with lateral lobes, small, located cephalad (lbs, Fig. 6 A, C); anterior dorsal area of bursa sclerotized, with five, narrow, transversal folds (dfl, Fig. 6 A, C), dorsal-most fold protruding over other folds, its apex triangular, knob-like, broadly rounded (dmf, Fig. 6 A, B); anterior ventral area of bursa not sclerotized. pronotal lobe; Clyp-Abd =Clypeus-Abdomen; IntOcDist =Interocular distance; Ped =Pedicel; PostOc =Postocular; PostPron =Posterior pronotal lobe; Scut =Scutellum; Scap =Scapus. Length Species Total Clyp-Abd Head AntOc PostOc AntPron PostPron Scut Scap Ped Apiomerus barrocoloradoi males (N= 5) Mean 21.36 17.59 4.20 1.35 1.73 1.66 2.50 1.00 2.23 2.23 SD 1.10 0.73 0.13 0.11 0.14 0.09 0.18 0.14 0.07 0.16 Range 2.89 2.01 0.33 0.28 0.36 0.21 0.48 0.37 0.21 0.39 Min. 20.20 16.60 4.07 1.15 1.55 1.60 2.31 0.86 2.12 1.99 Max. 23.09 18.61 4.40 1.43 1.91 1.81 2.79 1.23 2.33 2.38 continued. Width Species Head IntOcDist AntPron PostPron Abd Apiomerus barrocoloradoi males (N= 5) Mean 2.10 0.91 3.15 5.59 6.23 SD 0.09 0.08 0.17 0.33 0.46 Range 0.24 0.19 0.42 0.85 1.15 Min. 2.02 0.84 3.01 5.28 5.86 Max. 2.25 1.04 3.43 6.13 7.02 Etymology. The name is taken from Barro Colorado Island, Panama, one of the localities in which this species occurs and from which many specimens have been collected. Biology. Unknown. Some specimens have been collected in interception traps or at lights, in particular UV light traps. The latter indicates that they fly at least occasionally at night. Distribution. Known from the Darien region in Panama west to Costa Rica (Fig. 7). Holotype male. [PANAMA: Canal Zone]: Barro Colorado Isl[and], Canal Zone, [9.15472 ° N 79.84806 ° W], 27 Mar 1962, H. Ruckes / collected on NSF grant G 9830 / California insect survey 181391 / Holotype Apiomerus barrocoloradoi sp. nov. Forero, Berniker, & Szerlip [red label]; 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00017710) (AMNH). Paratypes. COSTA RICA: Alajuela: Est. San Ramon, 10.88327 ° N 85.41354 ° W, 620 m, 26 Apr 1994 – 24 May 1994, Hurtado Garcia, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014282) (INBIO). Est. San Ramon Oeste, 10.88327 ° N 85.41354 ° W, 620 m, 0 3 Apr 1994 – 19 Apr 1994, C. Cano, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00014303) (INBIO); 0 3 Apr 1994 – 19 Apr 1994, F. Quesada, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014307) (INBIO). San Carlos, Schild and Burgdorf, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014924) (AMNH). San Carlos, 1902, Schild and Burgdorf, 4 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 10626, UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 15120 - UCR_ ENT 00015122) (AMNH), 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00012340) (HNHM). Cartago: Turrialba, 9.9 ° N 83.683 ° W, 0 1 Jan 1750, K. Cooper, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009825) (AMNH). Guanacaste: Est. Pitilla, 9 km S. Santa Cecilia, P.N. Guanacaste, A.C. Guanacaste, 10.99261 ° N 85.42948 ° W, 700 m, Jun 1994, P.Rio s, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014304) (INBIO). Est. Pitilla, 9 km S. Santa Cecilia Fila Orosilito, P.N. Guanacaste, 10.99261 ° N 85.42948 ° W, 700 m, Apr 1994, F. Pizarro, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014305) (INBIO). La Maritza, Hda. Orosi, 10.9589 ° N 85.50255 ° W, 550 m, 0 2 Jun 1986 – 05 Jun 1986, W. Hallwachs, D. H. Janzen, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014309) (INBIO). Heredia: P.N. Braulio Carrillo, Sarapiqui, La Virgen, Quebrada Cabalonga a Sardinalito, 10.31899 ° N 84.064 ° W, 600 m, 27 Apr 2005, M. Ballestero, A. Peraza, Libre, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014308) (INBIO). P.N. Braulio Carrillo, Sarapiqui, Transecto Sardinalito, 10.33615 ° N 84.04663 ° W, 400 m, 13 Apr 2005, M. Ballestero, A. Peraza, O. Fonesca, Libre, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014310) (INBIO). Limon: Amubri, Talamanca., A.C. Amistad, 9.51483 ° N 82.95537 ° W, 70 m, 0 6 Jun 1994 – 28 Jun 1994, G. Gallardo, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014286) (INBIO). Cerro Tortuguero, P.N. Tortuguero, 10.58374 ° N 83.52575 ° W, 100 m, May 1990, J. Solano, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00014274) (INBIO). Estacion Hitoy Cerere, R. Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere, 9.67177 ° N 83.0277 ° W, 100 m, 19 Apr 1992 – 29 Apr 1992, E. Lopez, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014285) (INBIO); 0 6 May 1992 – 16 May 1992, G. Carballo, 2 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 14275, UCR_ ENT 00014276), 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014283) (INBIO); Jun 1992, G. Carballo, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014284) (INBIO); 20 May 1993 - 0 6 Jun 1993, G. Carballo, 10 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 14287 - UCR_ ENT 00014296), 5 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 14297 - UCR_ ENT 00014301) (INBIO). Suretka, 9.5667 ° N 82.9333 ° W, 19 May 1924, J. C. Bradley, 2 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 21241, UCR_ ENT 00021242) (CUIC). Tortuguero, 10.5833 ° N 83.5167 ° W, 16 Jul 1971 – 24 Jul 1971, J. G. Ehrenfeld, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00017677) (AMNH). Valle la Estrella, R.B. Hitoy Cerere, 9.67177 ° N 83.0277 ° W, 100 m, Jul 1994, F. Quesada, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014281) (INBIO). Valle la Estrella, R.B. Hitoy Cerere, A.C. Amistad, 9.67177 ° N 83.0277 ° W, 100 m, Jun 1994, G. Carballo, 4 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 14278 - UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 14280, UCR_ ENT 00014302), 2 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 14277, UCR_ ENT 00014311) (INBIO). Puntarenas: 1.8 mi W of Rincon, Osa Peninsula, 8.7075 ° N 83.51324 ° W, 0 6 Mar 1971 – 06 Mar 1971, J.P. Donahue, C.L. Hogue, 1 adult, sex unknown [abdomen missing] (UCR_ ENT 00010912) (LACM). 2.5 mi SW of Rincon, Osa Peninsula, 8.7 ° N 83.48333 ° W, 14 Mar 1967, G. Schuster, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00011348) (FSCA). Bosque Esquinas, A.C. Osa, 8.76885 ° N 83.25676 ° W, 200 m, May 1994, M. Segura, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00014306) (INBIO). Bosque Esquinas, Pennisula Osa, A. C. Osa, 8.76885 ° N 83.25676 ° W, 200 m, May 1994, F. Quesada, 2 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 14318, UCR_ ENT 00014319) (INBIO). Golfito, Camino a las Torres, 8.64982 ° N 83.16058 ° W, 500 m, 23 Apr 2004, Porras, Gamboa, Briceno, Moraga, Luz, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00014320) (INBIO). Rancho Quemado, Pen. de Osa, 8.6791 ° N 83.56671 ° W, 200 m, Feb 1992, F. Quesada, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00014314) (INBIO); Mar 1992, F. Quesada, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00014317) (INBIO); Apr 1992, K. Flores, 3 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 14313, UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 14315 - UCR_ ENT 00014316) (INBIO); Apr 1992, D. Brenes, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00014312) (INBIO). PANAMA: Canal Zone: Alhajuelo, 28 May 1912, Unknown, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009819) (AMNH). Barro Colorado Isl[and]., C[anal]. Z[one]., 9.15472 ° N 79.84806 ° W, Jul 1942 – Aug 1942, J. Zetek, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009349) (USNM); 19 May 1967, Delong & Triplehorn, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009350) (USNM); 19 May 1967, J. Maldonado C., 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009348) (USNM). Barro Colorado Island, 9.15563 ° N 79.84895 ° W, 28 Apr 1964 – 30 Apr 1964, W.D. Duckworth & S.S. Duckworth, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009357), 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009361) (USNM); 0 1 May 1964 – 09 May 1964, W.D. Duckworth & S.S. Duckworth, 5 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9354 - UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9356, UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9358 - UCR_ ENT 00009359), 7 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9362 - UCR_ ENT 00009368) (USNM); 10 May 1964 – 17 May 1964, W.D. Duckworth & S.S. Duckworth, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009360) (USNM). Barro Colorado Island, 9.15562 ° N 79.84895 ° W, 21 May 1966, M. G. Naumann, 1 Ψ (AMNH _PBI 00035828) (AMNH). Barro Colorado Island, 9.15472 ° N 79.84806 ° W, 20 Jun 1924, N. Banks, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009818) (AMNH); 22 Apr 1929, S. W. Frost, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009812) (AMNH); 27 Jun 1933, J.D. & H. Hood, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009815) (AMNH); 11 Jul 1934 – 11 Jul 1943, Otis E. Shattuck, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009817) (AMNH); 26 Apr 1956, C. W. & M. E. Rettenmeyer, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00035990) (KU); 28 Apr 1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00035982), 4 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 35991, UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 35993 - UCR_ ENT 00035995) (KU); 0 2 May 1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00035989) (KU); 0 9 May 1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer, 2 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 35979, UCR_ ENT 00035980) (KU); 0 9 May 1956, C. W. & M. E. Rettenmeyer, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00035984) (KU); 10 May 1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00035988) (KU); 11 May 1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00035983) (KU); 15 Jun 1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00035992) (KU); 23 Apr 1962, H. Ruckes, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009821) (AMNH); 24 Apr 1962, H. Buckes, 2 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9809, UCR_ ENT 00009810) (AMNH); 28 Apr 1962, H. Ruckes, 2 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9813, UCR_ ENT 00009816) (AMNH); 29 Apr 1962, H. Ruckes, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009814) (AMNH); 30 Apr 1962, H. Buckes, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009811) (AMNH); 0 8 May 1966, M. G. Naumann, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00035981), 2 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 35985, UCR_ ENT 00035986) (KU); 16 May 1967, R. E. Beer, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00035987) (KU); 0 6 Jun 1972, D. Engleman, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00032580) (UCB); 0 5 Jun 1978, Snyder-Molino, 2 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9798, UCR_ ENT 00009799) (AMNH); 21 Apr 1981, R.B. & L.S. Kimsey, 1 adult, sex unknown (UCR_ ENT 00007297) (UCD); 22 Apr 1981, R.B. & L.S. Kimsey, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00007296) (UCD); 31 May 1981, R.B. & L.S. Kimsey, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00007298) (UCD); 13 May 1985 – 21 May 1985, H. Wolda, 2 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 7299, UCR_ ENT 00007300), 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00007301) (UCD). Coco Solo Hospital, 9.35 ° N 79.85 ° W, 23 May 1972, Engleman, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00008890) (USNM). Escobal Road, 9.21739 ° N 79.95576 ° W, 0 5 Jun 1978, D. Engleman, Light Trap, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009824) (AMNH). Fort Sherman, 9.33333 ° N 79.96666 ° W, 26 Jun 1976, A. Thurman, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009808) (AMNH). Colon: Fort Sherman, 9.36666 ° N 79.95 ° W, 13 Jun 1989 – 13 Jun 1989, J. R. White, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00007295) (UCD). Gatun L., Barro Colorado I, 9.15563 ° N 79.84895 ° W, 28 Apr 1981, Bruce Gill, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00018801) (BDGC). Santa Rita Arriba, 9.3378 ° N 79.78 ° W, 18 May 1976, D. Engleman, Light Trap, 2 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9800, UCR_ ENT 00009801) (AMNH); 21 May 1976, D. Engleman, Light Trap, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009822) (AMNH); 22 May 1976, D. Engleman, Light Trap, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009802) (AMNH). Santa Rita Ridge, 9.38084 ° N 79.68235 ° W, 0 7 May 1977, D. Engleman, Light Trap, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00009803), 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009823) (AMNH). Darien: Rio Tacarcuna, 8.09931 ° N 77.29622 ° W, 579 m, Jul 1963, W. P. Murdoch, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00008891) (USNM). Panama: 10–13 km N of El Llano, 9.31264 ° N 78.96434 ° W, 29 May 1983 – 31 May 1983, E. Giesbert, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00010911) (LACM). Altos de Maje, Chepo, 9.13796 ° N 78.83546 ° W, 14 May 1976 – 15 May 1976, D. Engleman, Light Trap, 4 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9804 - UCR_ ENT 00009807) (AMNH). Cabima, 9.1333 ° N 79.5333 ° W, 30 May 1911, A. Busck, 3 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9351 - UCR_ ENT 00009353) (USNM). Canal Area, Old Gamboa Rd. km 1–5, 9.14137 ° N 79.72564 ° W, 50 m, Jun 1993 – Jul 1993, C. Snyder, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00014923) (AMNH). Cerro Azul, 9.16927 ° N 79.41629 ° W, 29 Apr 1981, E. Giesbert, 2 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9796, UCR_ ENT 00009797) (AMNH). Cerro Jefe, 9.2 ° N 79.35 ° W, 700 m, 20 May 1972, Stockwell, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00032581) (UCB). Km 7, pipeline road, Gamboa, 9.15825 ° N 79.7435 ° W, May 1996, S. Lingafelter, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00035827) (AMNH). Maje Station, 9.16666 ° N 78.8 ° W, 18 May 1974, A. Ramirez, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009826) (AMNH). Nusagandi, 9.33333 ° N 78.96666 ° W, 18 May 1993 – 20 May 1993, E. Riley, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00031622) (TAMU). Pacora, 9.0833 ° N 79.2833 ° W, 21 m, 21 May 1951, F. S. Blanton, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00009820) (AMNH). Other material examined. Apiomerus nigricollis Stål, 1860. BRAZIL: Amazonas: Benjamin Constant, 11 Feb 1942 – 01 Mar 1942, August Rabaut, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00010736) (AMNH). Espirito Santo: Santa Thereza, Dec 1946, R. Arle, 1 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 00017672) (AMNH). Parana: Iguacu N. P., 20 Oct 1982 – 23 Oct 1982, Dr. L. Gomez, 2 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 17670 - UCR_ ENT 00017671) (AMNH). Santa Catarina: Nova Teutonia, 10 Dec 1944, Fritz Plaumann, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00010738). Sao Paulo: S. Bernardo; 15 Jan 1942, Spitz, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 00010737) (AMNH). Apiomerus saileri Costa Lima, Campos Seabra, & Hathaway, 1951. BOLIVIA: La Paz: Guanay, Oct 1993 – 01 Nov 1993, L. Pena, 4 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 9394 - UCR_ ENT 00009397), 2 Ψ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 31223, UCR_ ENT 00031224) (USNM). Apiomerus shannoni Costa Lima, Campos Seabra, & Hathaway, 1951. PERU: Loreto: Iquitos, 3.748 ° S 73.247 ° W, Mar 1931 – Apr 1931, R. C. Shannon, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 7982 [cat Type No. 61896 USNM]) (USNM). Apiomerus venezuelensis Costa Lima, Campos Seabra, & Hathaway, 1951. VENEZUELA: Unknown locality, 1 ɗ (UCR_ ENT 0 0 0 0 7985 [cat Type No. 61885 USNM]) (USNM).Published as part of Forero, Dimitri, Berniker, Lily & Szerlip, Sigurd, 2010, A polychromatic new species of Apiomerus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) from Central America, pp. 44-60 in Zootaxa 2522 on pages 46-57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19630
Erratum to: Effect of moderate red wine intake on cardiac prognosis after recent acute myocardial infarction of subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Diabetic Medicine, (2006), 23, 9, (974-981), 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01886.x)
No full textIn an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola.In an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola
The M&G Drive
No full textabstract: The M&G Drive is a proposed venture project lead by Barrett seniors, Elijah Smith and Jenna Fitzgerald. This project aims to educate Arizona State University (ASU) students on the issues of food insecurity around the Phoenix valley and facilitate their involvement in helping alleviate this pressing social matter. Scientific research has shown significant inverse relationships between food insecurity and the following: mental and physical health, social skills, and academic achievement. As the largest public university in the nation, Arizona State holds a self-ascribed responsibility for the health of its communities. In order to address this issue on behalf of Arizona State and from the standpoint of college students, this proposed venture will encourage the ASU student population to reallocate their unused M&G Dollars (ASU’s on-campus currency) to go toward this cause. Rather than being absorbed back by the university system, unused M&G Dollars can instead be used to purchase non-perishables that will then be donated to the local Phoenix community in order to help fight against food insecurity
Lah–Ribarič type inequalities for (h, g; m)-convex functions
No full textRecently introduced new class of (h, g; m)-convex functions unifies a certain range of convexity, thus allowing the generalizations of know results. In this paper we prove Lah–Ribarič type inequalities for (h, g; m)-convex functions from which we obtain inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard, Fejér, Giaccardi, Popoviciu and Petrović. © 2021, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Royal Academy of Sciences, Madrid
Ghilianella mirabilis McAtee & Malloch 1925
No full textGhilianella mirabilis McAtee & Malloch, 1925 Ghilianella Spinola, 1835 has two subgenera and 57 described species (Wygodzinsky 1966; Maldonado 1990). It is easily recognized by the laterally acute prolonged apical last abdominal segments, as illustrated by Wygodzinsky (1966). G. mirabilis has been recorded from Brazil and Bolivia (Maldonado 1990). The previously known data and the Colombian specimens indicate that this species is restricted to the Amazon basin. The specimens examined here are a new record from Colombia. Material examined: COLOMBIA, 1 Ψ, Amazonas, Leticia, 11 Km. vía Tarapacá, [en] vegetación captura manual, 100 m, 8 XI 2001, U.N. E.Florez [UNCB]; 1 ɗ, Amazonas, Leticia, Monilla Amena, chagra, colecta manual, 22 h despejado, 60 m, 10 X 2002, Ospina et al. [MUJ].Published as part of Forero, Dimitri, 2006, New records of Reduviidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from Colombia and other Neotropical countries, pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 1107 on page 14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17145
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