131,317 research outputs found
University research and public-private interaction
No full textUniversities’ centrality within the public research systems has been increasing over time, as it has their interactions with industry. Such interaction poses two dilemmas. One concerns individual scientists and the potential trade-off between basic research activities and those activities required to successfully develop and commercialize academic inventions. The second dilemma occurs at the system level, and it has to do with the tension between the industry’s need to rely upon clear and solid intellectual property rights (IPRs), and the cumulativeness of the scientific enterprise, which requires the results of academic research to be freely accessible. The empirical literature suggests that the first dilemma may not be as dramatic as expected by many. On the contrary, some evidence exists on the relevance of the second dilemma: commercial interests may exacerbate common threats to the commonality of research efforts; and the existence of IPRs over academic research results may discourage some scientists to build upon those results in order to advance knowledge. Existing bridging institutions, both internal and external to universities, seem to give only marginal contributions to the solution of both dilemmas.CEM
Exploitation des externalités de réseau versus évolution des normes : les formes d'organisation face au dilemme de l'efficacité, dans le domaine des technologies de réseau
No full textForay Dominique. Exploitation des externalités de réseau versus évolution des normes : les formes d'organisation face au dilemme de l'efficacité, dans le domaine des technologies de réseau. In: Revue d'économie industrielle, vol. 51, 1er trimestre 1990. Organisation et dynamique industrielle. pp. 113-140
The economics of open technology : collective organization and individual claims in 'fabrique lyonnaise' during the old regime
No full textCEMIBook edited by C. Antonelli, D. Foray, B. H. Hall, W. E. Steinmueller, P. A. David
Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 06, no. 07 (10 December 2015)
No full textMessage from the editor -- Words from the president -- Faculty and participants -- Life at the edge; An arctic-alpine collecting trip on Big Level / Michael Burzyki [ie. Burzynski] -- Four lichenomphalias from the top of Big Level / Andrus Voitk -- Tablelands lichen survey update / Michele Piercey-Normore -- Russula griseascens; project update / Maria Voitk -- Foray fotos -- Program -- Workshops and walks -- Trails -- Species list and distribution by foray trail / Andrus Voitk, Michael Burzynski, Tony Wright -- What do these data mean? / Andrus Voitk -- Species list and distribution by foray trail - lichens / Chris Deduke, Michele Piercey-Normore -- Survey of the lichen-forming ascomycetes during the 2015 NL Foray / Chris Deduke, Michele Piercey-Normore -- Group photo 2015 -- Our partner organizations -- Notice - Goose Bay 2016."Foray 2015 report" (cover). -- Frequency: irregular.Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, "an amateur, volunteer-run, community, not-for-profit organization with a mission to organize enjoyable and informative amateur mushroom forays in Newfoundland and Labrador and disseminate the knowledge gained" (vol. 1, no. 2, p. 2)
Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 04, no. 10 (30 November 2013)
No full textMessage from the Editor -- Words from the President -- Faculty and participants -- Xylaria Hypoxylon / Andrus Voitk -- Two delightful surprises from the to-do pile / Andrus Voitk -- Gymnosporangium Clavipes on Fogo / Henry Mann -- Foray fotos -- Public display -- Program -- Workshops and walks -- Trails -- Species list and distribution by Foray trail / Andrus Voitk -- What do the data tell us? / Andrus Voitk -- Species list and distribution by Foray trail - lichens / Michele Piercey-Normore -- Survey of the lichen-forming ascomycetes during the 2013 NL Foray / Chris Deduke and Michele Piercey-Normore -- The mail bag -- Group photo 2013 -- Our partner organizations -- Notice - Fogo Island 2014.Frequency: irregular.Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, "an amateur, volunteer-run, community, not-for-profit organization with a mission to organize enjoyable and informative amateur mushroom forays in Newfoundland and Labrador and disseminate the knowledge gained" (vol. 1, no. 2, p. 2)
Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 05, no. 10 (25 November 2014)
No full textMessage from the Editor -- Words from the President -- Faculty and participants -- White and lilac Inocybe / Andrus Voitk -- Sir Richard Squires Memorial Provincial Park Mycoblitz / Andrus Voitk -- Foray finds / Renée Lebeuf -- Foray fotos -- Program -- Workshops and walks -- QV Quucup / Aare Voitk -- Trails -- Species list and distribution by Foray trail / Andrus Voitk, Michael Burzynski, Tony Wright -- What do these data mean? / Andrus Voitk -- Species list and distribution by Foray trail - lichens / Chris Deduke, Teuvo Ahti, Michele Piercey-Normore -- Survey of the lichen-forming ascomycetes during the 2014 NL Foray / Chris Deduke, Teuvo Ahti, Michele Piercey-Normore -- Group photo 2014 -- Our partner organizations -- Notice - Gros Morne 2015."Foray 2015 report" (cover). -- Frequency: irregular.Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, "an amateur, volunteer-run, community, not-for-profit organization with a mission to organize enjoyable and informative amateur mushroom forays in Newfoundland and Labrador and disseminate the knowledge gained" (vol. 1, no. 2, p. 2)
Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 06, no. 05 (7 August 2015)
No full textEditor's comments -- Foray matters -- Amanita flavoconia / Jim Cornish -- Bishop's sketchbook -- Blue corts : Cortinarius brunneorinctus / Kare Liimatainen -- Ramariopsis subarctica / Andrus Voitk -- Clavaria argillacea & sphagnophila / Andrus Voitk -- Neohygrocybe subovina / Andrus Voitk, Henry Mann -- Pleurotus populinus / Andrus Voitk -- Poet's corner / Michel Savard -- Mushroom calendar de la poésie bilingue / Michel Savard -- Herbarium SWGC microscopy workshop / D. Sveshnikov et al. -- Mail basket -- Partners -- Notice of Foray 2015.Frequency: irregular.Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, "an amateur, volunteer-run, community, not-for-profit organization with a mission to organize enjoyable and informative amateur mushroom forays in Newfoundland and Labrador and disseminate the knowledge gained" (vol. 1, no. 2, p. 2)
The emergence of an educational tool industry: Opportunities and challenges for innovation in education
No full textThe paper addresses two issues. One concerns the general conditions and procedures involved in the emergence of a tool industry. Tool industries emerge and evolve as a collection of capital goods and tool inventors and manufacturers. One of our goals is to use some of the works on historical cases to build a heuristic framework concerning the main conditions for the emergence and development of tool industries. The other issue is more factual and involves the question whether a tool industry is today emerging in the area of education. The paper describes the emergence of a population of firms specialised in developing and commercialising educational tools and instructional technologies and discuss whether this trend can be seen as part of the solution to the innovation deficit and cost disease problems in this sector? (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.CEM
Effectiveness of biological insecticide foray 76B against black arches (Lymantria monacha L.) in Stalai forestry district
No full textThe objective was to determine effectiveness of biological pesticide Foray 76B, after aerial application (2,5 l/ha) of black arches (Lymantria monacha) outbreak area in Stalai forestry. Death of larvae of monitored for 75 days after spray. Foray 76B effectiveness was found to be 95,1 proc. (87-97 proc.), the most intensive death of larvae was observed on 5-16th day after spray.Lauko darbų tikslas buvo nustatyti Foray 76B biologinio preparato efektyvumą bei verpiko vienuolio žuvimo dinamiką po židinių apdorojimo. Aviapurškimai buvo atlikti 2019 m. Valstybinių miškų urėdijos Veisiejų regioninio padalinio Stalų girinkijoje, preparato norma – 2,5 l/ha. Vikšrų žuvimas buvo stebimas 75 dienas po aviapurškimo. Nustatyta, kad Foray 76B efektyvumas Stalų girininkijoje buvo vidutiniškai 95,1 proc. (nuo 87 iki 97 proc.), intensyviausiai vikšrai žuvo 5-16 dieną po apdorojimo.Vytauto Didžiojo universitetas / Vytautas Magnus UniversityŽemės ūkio akademija / Agriculture AcademyMiškų ir ekologijos fakultetas / Faculty of Forest Sciences and Ecolog
Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, vol. 03, no. 12 (18 December 2012)
No full textMessage from the guest editor -- Words from the President -- Faculty and participants -- Peniophora aurantiaca or P. erikssonii? Which species do we have in Newfoundland and Labrador? / Nils Hallenberg -- Quick guide to lichen collection and identification / Michele Piercey-Normore -- Mushroom growing workshop / David Boyle -- Mushroom cooking workshop / Maria Voitk -- Group photo 2012 -- Foray photos -- Program and trails -- Species list and distribution by Foray trail / Andrus Voitk -- What do the data tell us? / Andrus Voitk and Michele Piercey-Normore -- The mail bag -- Our partner organizations -- Notice - Fogo Island 2013."Foray 2012 Report" (cover). -- Frequency: irregular.Omphalina : newsletter of Foray Newfoundland and Labrador, "an amateur, volunteer-run, community, not-for-profit organization with a mission to organize enjoyable and informative amateur mushroom forays in Newfoundland and Labrador and disseminate the knowledge gained" (vol. 1, no. 2, p. 2)
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