1,720,958 research outputs found
História da ciência e a diversidade de orientações sexuais: natureza, cultura e determinismo
Get PDFThis article is a revi ew of how science has been treating the theme of the many existing sexual orientations. Sexual orientation, a peculiarly human pattern, is characterized by sexual behavior plus cognitive aspects related to sexual attraction, fantasies and desires. The attempts to explain this phenomenon has created arguments among biologists and psychologists, as the nature versus culture dispute. By the beginning of the twentieth century, cultural determinism of psychoanalysis was the basis for the explanation of sexual orientation. However, as decades went by, it lost ground for biological determinism, boosted by the biotechnological revolution.Este artigo é uma revisão de como a ciência vem tratando a questão da existência de uma variedade de tipos de orientações sexuais. A orientação sexual, um padrão peculiarmente humano, é caracterizada pelo comportamento sexual mais aspectos cognitivos referentes à atração, fantasias e desejos sexuais. A tentativa de explicação desse f enômeno criou disputas entre biólogos e psicólogos, a controvérsia natureza versus cultura. No início do século XX, o determinismo cultural da psicanálise foi a base de explicação da orientação sexual, mas, com o passar das décadas, foi perdendo espaço para o determinismo biológico, impulsionado pela revolução biotecnológica
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dificuldades enfrentadas por professores para a abordagem do tema orientação sexual nas escolas: lições para a formação dos professores
Get PDFA abordagem do tema orientação sexual nas escolas envolve controvérsias, dilemas e o enfrentamento de carência de materiais instrucionais que auxiliem no tratamento do tema. Além disso, suas discussões são permeadas por questões moralistas, tabus, constrangimentos e informações desatualizadas e do senso comum. Frente a este cenário, este trabalho objetivou investigar se os professores abordam o tema ‘Orientação Sexual’ em suas aulas de Biologia e quais as dificuldades que enfrentam para a abordagem deste tema. Para atingir este objetivo, analisamos qualitativamente as concepções sobre o tema de 20 professores de Biologia da rede estadual de Salvador (Bahia). Por fim, constatou-se que muitos professores consideram importante o tratamento do tema, mas não o faz, por se sentirem incapacitados. Fato este visualizado nas análises, através de abordagem equivocada, desatualizada do tema
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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