118,133 research outputs found
Net Neutrality and Mandatory Network-Sharing: How to disconnect the continent. CEPS Policy Brief No. 309, 18 December 2013
No full textA lively debate emerged on the proposed “Connected Continent” legislative package presented by the European Commission in September 2013. The package contains a proposed rule on the ‘open Internet’, which was heavily discussed in European Parliament hearings in early December. This commentary argues that while the proposed rule is in principle balanced and appealing, it is utterly impractical due to the enormous uncertainty that its application would entail. At the same time, the rule is very far from what neutrality proponents have argued for almost a decade: rather than the place for internet freedom, it would transform the Web into a place requiring constant micro-management and tutoring of user behaviour. Both arguments lead to the conclusion that the current proposal should be at once reformed and analysed under a more holistic lens. On the one hand, Europe should launch an ambitious project for the future, converged infrastructure by mobilising resources and reforming rules to encourage investment into ubiquitous, converged, ‘always on’ connectivity. On the other hand, enhanced legal certainty for broadband investment could justify a more neutrality-oriented approach to traffic management practices on the Internet. The author proposes a new approach to Internet regulation which, altogether, will lead to a more balanced and sustainable model for the future, without jeopardising user freedom
Recommendations for improving reference services in Kansas
No full textCover title.; "14 April 1995."; "To achieve the Network Board's vision of world-class library and information services, Kansas needs an effective statewide reference network with accurate, easy, affordable and prompt resource sharing arrangements. This report outlines our proposals for setting the cornerstone of such a network. We are proposing a new service model that creates an environment in which Kansans can easily use comprehensive global information resources. Implementing this new service model will position Kansas librarians to become information leaders in their communities, and afford Kansans with world-class information services"--Executive summary
Europe Sustainable Development Report 2019 : towards a strategy for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in the European Union: Includes the SDG Index and Dashboards for the European Union and member states
No full textResumen: Este Informe de Desarrollo Sostenible en Europa identifica las prioridades políticas de la Unión Europea (UE) para alcanzar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible e implementar El Acuerdo sobre el Clima de París. El informe compara la actuación de la UE y sus 28 estados miembros en relación a los 17 ODS y proporciona perfiles detallados de los países cruzando diversas fuentes de datos. La evaluación se basa en la metodología desarrollada desde 2016 por la Red de soluciones para el Desarrollo Sostenible (SDSN)y el Bertelsmann Stiftung
Interplay between network configurations and network governance mechanisms in supply networks a systematic literature review
No full textPurpose: This work systematically reviews the extant academic management literature on supply networks. It specifically examines how network configurations and network governance mechanisms influence each other in supply networks.
Design: 125 analytical and empirical studies were identified using an evidence-based approach to review the literature mainly published between 1985 and 2012.
Synthesis: Drawing on a multi-disciplinary theoretical foundation, this work develops an integrative framework to identify three distinct yet interdependent themes that characterize the study of supply networks: a) Network Configurations (structures and relationships); b) Network Governance Mechanisms (formal and informal); and c) The Interplay between Network Configurations and Network Governance Mechanisms.
Findings: Network configurations and network governance mechanisms mutually influence each other and cannot be considered in isolation. Formal and informal governance mechanisms provide better control when used as complements rather than as substitutes. The choice of governance mechanism depends on the nature of exchange; role of management; desired level of control; level of flexibility in formal contracts; and complementary role of formal and informal governance mechanism.
Research implications: This nascent field has thematic and methodological research opportunities for academics. Comparative network analysis using longitudinal case studies offers a rich area for further study.
Practical Implications: The complexity surrounding the conflicting roles of managers at the organisation and network levels poses a significant challenge during the development and implementation stage of strategic network policies.
Originality/value: This review reveals that formal and informal governance mechanisms provide better control when used as complements rather than as substitutes
Foldback current control for a DG to achieve Fast Arc Extinction in a distribution network
No full textThe distribution network reliability can be increased if distributed generators (DGs) are allowed to operate in both grid-connected and islanded operations when the network has a high DG penetration level. However, the current utility regulations do not allow for the islanded operation. The arc faults are the one of the major issues preventing the islanded operation, since the arc will not extinguish if the DGs are not disconnected. \ud
In this paper, the effect of a converter interfaced DG on an arc fault is investigated by considering different control strategies for the converter. The foldback current control characteristic is proposed to a converter interfaced DG to achieve quick arc extinction and self-restoration without disconnecting the DG in the event of an arc fault. The results are validated through PSCAD/EMTDC simulations.\u
Throughput and delay scaling laws for mobile overlaid wireless networks
No full textIn this paper, we study the throughput and delay scaling laws over two coexisting mobile networks. The primary network consists of n randomly distributed primary nodes which can operate as if the secondary network is absent. However, the secondary network with a higher density m=nβ, β>1 is required to adjust its protocol. By considering that both the primary and the secondary networks move according to random walk mobility model, we propose a multi-hop transmission scheme, and show that the secondary network can achieve the same throughput and delay tradeoff scaling law as in stand-alone network Ds(m)=Θ(mλs(m)). Furthermore, for primary network, it is shown that the tradeoff scaling law is given by Dp(n)=Θ(√nlognλp(n)), when the primary node is chosen as relay node. If the relay node is a secondary node, the scaling law is Dp(n)=Θ(√nβlognλp(n)). The novelties of this paper lie in: (i) detailed study of the delay scaling law for the primary network in the complex scenario where both the primary and the secondary networks are mobile; (ii) the impact of buffer delay on the two networks due to the presence of preservation region. We explicitly analyze the buffer delay and obtain an expression as DsrII(m)=Θ(1/√nβ-1αs(m))
DivSeek International Network Inc. Strategic Plan 2021-2026
No full textThis document defines major goals for the DivSeek International NetworkThis document defines major goals for the DivSeek International Network, with specific measurable objectives and strategies required to achieve them over the next five years. The DivSeek International Network is a global community that connects, combines and communicates expertise among stakeholders engaged in the management1 and characterization2 of plant genetic resources. DivSeek comprises leading researchers and practitioners drawn from a broad base of academic and research institutions, government agencies, and inter-governmental organizations around the world. DivSeek’s key role is to facilitate and encourage the open dissemination of information about plant genetic resources and to promote benefit-sharing derived from their use, while respecting indigenous knowledge and the international treaties and conventions established to protect them
The Brand is the Bundle Strategies for the Mobile Ecosystem
No full textThe current mobile ecosystem is best understood in terms of a monopolistic competition model, characterised by heterogeneous producers providing a range of differentiated products for consumers with heterogeneous preferences. Product differentiation offers producers some market power, ultimately constrained by imperfect substitutes from rivals and the threat of market entry. To achieve their goals, consumers require a mixture of products from the network, handset and application domains. Reduced search and other transaction costs are a demand-side benefit of product bundling. Producers in this market have high fixed costs and low marginal costs. High fixed costs discourage entry, which increases the market power of producers. Low marginal costs and uncorrelated customer preferences across products for individual consumers encourage producers to expand their sales using supply-side bundling. Thus there are strong supply and demand side benefits from product bundling. We argue that producers will compete in terms of differentiated bundles combining network, handset and application features, with branding as the essential strategy for bundle differentiation. Successful business strategies will require direct access to customers and information about their specific preferences. For illustration, we look at the currently apparent strategies of Google, Apple and Nokia. The mobile ecosystem is complex but not unique. Strong parallels can be drawn between the mobile ecosystem and the television ecosystem. Google appears to be following a "free to air" strategy and Apple a "pay TV" strategy in bundle differentiation. Television manufacturers are largely undifferentiated and have little market power: this may be the fate of handset manufacturers and network operators who are comparatively powerless to withstand the evolutionary development of the mobile ecosystem.Business ecosystem, platform, monopolistic competition, product bundling, heterogeneous demand, business strategies, mobile telephony, mobile applications, branding, price discrimination.
Deep Residual-Dense Lattice Network for Speech Enhancement
No full textConvolutional neural networks (CNNs) with residual links (ResNets) and causal dilated convolutional units have been the network of choice for deep learning approaches to speech enhancement. While residual links improve gradient flow during training, feature diminution of shallow layer outputs can occur due to repetitive summations with deeper layer outputs. One strategy to improve feature re-usage is to fuse both ResNets and densely connected CNNs (DenseNets). DenseNets, however, over-allocate parameters for feature re-usage. Motivated by this, we propose the residual-dense lattice network (RDL-Net), which is a new CNN for speech enhancement that employs both residual and dense aggregations without over-allocating parameters for feature re-usage. This is managed through the topology of the RDL blocks, which limit the number of outputs used for dense aggregations. Our extensive experimental investigation shows that RDL-Nets are able to achieve a higher speech enhancement performance than CNNs that employ residual and/or dense aggregations. RDL-Nets also use substantially fewer parameters and have a lower computational requirement. Furthermore, we demonstrate that RDL-Nets outperform many state-of-the-art deep learning approaches to speech enhancement. Availability: https://github.com/nick-nikzad/RDL-SE
Pyramid style-attentional network for arbitrary style transfer
No full textAt present, the self-attention mechanism represented by the non-local network has been applied in style transfer widely. Models can achieve good style transfer effects by considering long-range dependencies between content images and style images while well maintaining semantic content information. However, the self-attention mechanism has to calculate the relationship between all positions between the content feature maps and style feature maps. The associated computational complexity of the mechanism is rather high, which will consume a lot of computing resources and adversely impact the efficiency of style transfer of high-resolution images. To solve this problem, we propose a novel Pyramid Style-attentional Network (PSANet) to reduce the computational complexity of the self-attention network by using pyramid pooling on feature maps. We compare our method with the vanilla style-attentional network in terms of speed and quality. The experimental results show that our model can significantly reduce the computational complexity and achieve good transfer effects. Especially for handling high-resolution images, the execution time of our method can reduce by 34.7 % . © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
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