1,720,962 research outputs found
Three-year follow-up of chronic hepatitis C patients treated with ribavirin plus interferon-alfa combination therapy: Evidence for long-term efficacy and safety
No full textTo date, seven apomucins have been characterized and their expression in malignant and premalignant lesions is under evaluation. In this study, we examined the expression of MUC1, MUC2, MUC3, and MUC5/6 apomucins in cholanglocarcinoma (CC) and biliary epithelial dysplasia. We used 14 liver samples from patients with hepatolithiasis and CC, 11 with hepatolithiasis showing biliary epithelial dysplasia, 31 with CC alone (19 hilar, 10 peripheral, and 2 unclassifiable), and 14 with combined hepatocellular- cholangiocellular carcinoma (HC-CC) and immunohistochemically characterized the expression profiles of apomucins. Noudysplastic biliary epithelial cells in the intrahepatic large bile ducts constantly expressed MUC3 apomucin. MUC5/6 and MUC3 apomucin expression was widespread in dysplastic biliary epithelial cells in hepatolithiasis, although the latter was reduced or absent in dysplastic foci. CC extensively expressed MUC1 apomucin and focally expressed MUC2 apomucin. In addition, CC of the hilar type, including those with hepatolithiasis, frequently expressed MUC3 apomucin (68% and 57%, respectively), whereas those of the peripheral type infrequently expressed MUC3 apomucin (10%) (P < .01). MUC5/6 apomucin was more frequently expressed in well-differentiated (89%), compared with poorly differentiated CC (42%) (P < .01). Cholangiocellular elements of combined HC-CC frequently expressed MUC1 apomucin, although they rarely expressed MUC2 and MUC3 apomucin and infrequently expressed MUC5/6 apomucin. The frequent and aberrant expression of 'gastric type' MUC5/6 apomucin in biliary epithelial dysplasia, as well as in CC, suggests that biliary epithelial cells gain a gastric apomucin phenotype during carcinogenesis. MUC3 apomucin expression in CC is a marker that suggests that CC arises in the intrahepatic large bile ducts
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Persistent hepatitis C viraemia without liver disease
No full textIn viral infections persistence of the virus is not always associated with virus-induced disease. To find out if active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can persist without liver disease we selected four symptom-free individuals with antibodies to HCV but normal aminotransferase levels. They were followed up for 3 years by monthly serology and a liver biopsy was done. At presentation, all four had both antibodies to HCV and circulating HCV RNA. During follow-up their sera remained persistently positive for all HCV antibodies and RNA yet aminotransferase levels did not increase and liver biopsy was normal. These findings indicate that persistent hepatitis C viraemia is not invariably associated with liver damage. © 1993
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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