1,721,003 research outputs found
The clinical spectrum of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)-associated disorders in children
Full text linkMyelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-related disorders (MOGAD) characterize clinically heterogeneous autoimmune diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), recurrent optic neuritis, transverse myelitis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Estimated incidence in children is higher than in adults, around 0.3/100,000.
Our Paediatrics-Neuroimmunology group have dealt with many pediatric patients with MOG antibody-associated demyelination over the last years. To gain better knowledge over the clinical course, best management and prognostic factors of this intriguing and rare disorder, we established a regional and national network to for data sharing, clinical confrontation and scientific dissemination. We focused on various clinical and laboratory aspects of MOGAD in children, though different multicentre Italian studies. We confirmed, as already reported in the most recent literature, that the clinical onset of MOGAD in children is usually ADEM, followed by ON (typically bilateral), while NMOSD features are more common in adolescents and adults. Similarly, oligoclonal bands are rare in MOGAD and progression to multiple sclerosis is exceptional. Nonetheless, a significant proportion of children with MOGAD experience clinical relapses, and these relapses are more common when MOG-antibody titers persist over time (after 3 to 6 months from the onset), regardless of the acute immunomodulatory treatment. We further recognized the main characteristics of MOG-associated optic neuritis, which are strongly associated with optic disc swelling and increased RFNL, and tend to recover better compared to seronegative optic neuritis. Starting from clinical experience and going through the international scientific literature, we managed to define seizures as an underreported phenotype of MOGAD: in particular, seizures occurred mostly in the context of a cortical encephalitis, or even presented as an isolated phenomenon in patients with normal brain MRI, heralding the more typical MOG Ab-associated demyelinating syndrome by days to months. Along clinical phenotyping, we also analysed antibody testing accuracy by comparing different types of cell-based assays (CBAs), coming up to the conclusion that live-CBAs are more accurate than fixed-CBAs, and that live-CBA IgG1 subclasses show the highest specificity, influencing the way in which we now perform screening and confirmatory tests for patients with suspected MOGAD. Finally, we provided evidence that serial longitudinal determination of MOG-IgG titers is a useful prognostic tool in children with MOGAD, as it might predict the risk of relapse and guide clinicians into the most appropriate treatment strategies (i.e. immunosuppressive drugs).
The way for the unravelling of this pathology is still long, but we feel that major progresses have been done in the last decade. It is now clear that MOGAD is a distinct entity among aquired demyelinating syndromes, with peculiar (yet heterogeneous) clinical features, relapsing course in a minority of patients and treatment options that differ from those of multiple sclerosis. Long term prognosis is still mainly influenced by the severity of single attacks and possibly by the relapse rate, in both children and adults, and immunomodulatory therapies are currently under study. Future studies will confirm whether relapsing MOGAD is a lifelong illness and will better clarify the long-term morbidity, including the impact on cognition and quality of life
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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