1,721,005 research outputs found
A New Framework for Evaluating Commodity Promotion Programs: What Can We Learn from Disaggregate Data?
Get PDFMarketing,
The price of gasoline and the demand for fuel economy: evidence from monthly new vehicles sales data
Get PDFThis paper uses a unique data set of monthly new vehicle sales by detailed model from 1978- 2007, and implements a new identification strategy to estimate the effect of the price of gasoline on consumer demand for fuel economy. We control for unobserved vehicle and consumer characteristics by using within model-year changes in the price of gasoline and vehicle sales. We find a significant demand response, as nearly half of the decline in market share of U.S. manufacturers from 2002-2007 was due to the increase in the price of gasoline. On the other hand, an increase in the gasoline tax would only modestly affect average fuel economy.Gasoline ; Automobiles - Prices
Metrics to evaluate R,D&E
Get PDFCover title.Includes bibliographical references (p. 13).John R. Hauser, Florian Zettelmeyer
Selling When Brand Image Matters
Get PDFThis paper studies profit-maximizing seller behavior when brand image affects consumer demand. We consider a seller facing a population of consumers with heterogeneous tastes regarding product quality and brand image. First, we analyze “active branding” by the seller through costly advertising. Our analysis shows that advertising, price and profits are all increasing in the average valuation of brand image in the population. Second, we examine the role of “passive branding” emanating from the population’s consumption of the product. We demonstrate that seller profits increase in the average degree of conformity in the opulation whereas the price remains unaffected.Quality; brand image; advertising; conformity; exclusivity
"The Best Price You'll Ever Get" The 2005 Employee Discount Pricing Promotions in the U.S. Automobile Industry
Get PDFDuring the summer of 2005, the Big Three U.S. automobile manufacturers offered a customer promotion that allowed customers to buy new cars at the discounted price formerly offered only to employees. The initial months of the promotion were record sales months for each of the Big Three firms, suggesting that customers thought that the prices offered during the promotions were particularly attractive. In fact, such large rebates had been available before the employee discount promotion that many customers paid higher prices following the introduction of the promotions than they would have in the weeks just before. We hypothesize that the complex nature of auto prices, the fact that prices are negotiated rather than posted, and the fact that buyers do not participate frequently in the market leads customers to rely on "price cues" in evaluating how good current prices are. We argue that the employee discount pricing promotions were price cues, and that customers responded to the promotions as a signal that prices were discounted.
Evaluating and managing the tiers of R&D
Get PDFCover title. "April 1996."Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-29).Supported by the International Center for Research on the Management of Technology (ICRMOT).John R. Hauser, Florian Zettelmeyer
Investigating the Dynamic Effects of Counterfeits with a Random Changepoint Simultaneous Equation Model
Get PDFUsing a unique panel dataset and a new model, this article investigates the dynamic effects of counterfeit sales on authentic-product price dynamics. We propose a Bayesian random-changepoint simultaneous equation model that simultaneously takes into account three important features in empirical studies: (1) Endogeneity of a market entry, (2) Nonstationarity of the entry effects and (3) Heterogeneity of the firms’ response behaviors. Besides accounting for the endogeneity of counterfeiting, the proposed methodology improves the estimation of dynamic effects under heterogeneous response times by firms. We identify both a temporary negative short-term effect and a stable positive long-term effect of counterfeit sales on the authentic prices. Such effect estimates are biased in the OLS model and attenuated in a standard IV model. The findings help to unify two strands of I.O. theories on the pricing effects of competition. Finally, our analysis identifies considerable heterogeneity in authentic firms’ response behaviors (both response time and magnitude), and the hierarchical structure of our model enables a study of the drivers of the heterogeneity. This study casts managerial insights on effective brand protection and management strategies that can be tailored to each type of firms. The method illustrated provides a new approach to use field data to study the determinants of a firm’s response time, an important dimension of management strategy. In particular, firms with more human capital or less diversification from infringed markets were faster in responding and differentiating from counterfeits. The proposed framework can be widely applied to study dynamic and heterogeneous causal effects of marketing variables.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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