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Aufklärung und Verschwörung. Abbé Augustin Barruels <i>Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism</i> (1797) und Peter Josephs <i>Zeitgeist: The Movie</i> (2006)
No full textWhy is it, that at the height of the Enlightenment we encounter the first prolific production of genuine conspiracy theories? Why do they flourish at a time, best illustrated in Immanuel Kant’s endorsement of subjective freedom and the demand to liberate the public sphere from censorship? And is this situation around 1800 comparable to today’s erosion of critique in the age of uncurbed digital data production?My contribution attempts to compare two exemplary conspiracy theories, each representing the broadest appeal in their time, Augustin Barruel’s Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism (1797) and Peter Joseph’s Zeitgeist: The Movie (2007). The analysis of both conspiracy theories will focus on how they address the role of the subject and that of the public sphere from a media-theoretical perspective with the aim of bringing into focus the conceptual challenges posed and dangerous implication perpetuated where criticism and conspiracy overlap. <br/
Korrespondenzen. Visuelle Kulturen zwischen Früher Neuzeit und Gegenwart
No full textWie übersetzen sich Bilder in Bilder und Bilder in Texte? Als 'Visual Culture' wird unsere kulturelle Gegenwart zunehmend bezeichnet und dabei eine Herrschaft des Sichtbaren gegenüber dem Lesbaren behauptet. Doch die Anfänge dieser Diskussion sind so alt wie die Praxis jeder grafischen Gestaltung: paradoxerweise hat gerade die frühneuzeitliche Erfindung des Buchdrucks die Bilder langsam von ihrer Bevormundung durch Texte befreit. Was verbindet und was entfernt uns heute von der frühneuzeitlichen Diskussion um das Verhältnis von Bildern und Texten
Korrespondenzen. Visuelle Kulturen zwischen Früher Neuzeit und Gegenwart
No full textDie Zukunft des Wissens ist bildhaft.Unsere tradierte historische Kultur ist konfrontiert mit einer ›Medienrevolution‹, der das kulturkonservative Ressentiment hil¿os gegenüber steht. Gefordert sind Sprach-, Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaften, die das interdisziplinär orientierte Kulturwissenschaftliche Forschungskolleg ›Medien und kulturelle Kommunikation‹ in Köln unter Leitung von Ludwig Jäger zusammenführt.
Bislang erschienen in der Reihe Mediologie die Bände Schnittstelle. Medien und kulturelle Kommunikation, Die Adresse des Mediums und Medien der Präsenz. Museum, Bildung und Wissenschaft im 19. Jahrhundert. In Korrespondenzen und Archivprozesse werden weitere Resultate vorgestellt.
Wie übersetzen sich Bilder in Bilder und Bilder in Texte?Als ›Visual Culture‹ wird unsere kulturelle Gegenwart zunehmend bezeichnet und dabei eine Herrschaft des Sichtbaren gegenüber dem Lesbaren behauptet. Doch die Anfänge dieser Diskussion sind so alt wie die Praxis jeder gra¿schen Gestaltung: paradoxerweise hat gerade die rühneuzeitliche Er¿ndung des Buchdrucks die Bilder langsam von ihrer Bevormundung durch Texte befreit. Aber auch schon in dieser Zeit hat es eine breite Diskussion über den Status von Bildern gegeben, die vergleichbar zur heutigen Debatte um ›Visual Culture‹ quer durch alle Disziplinen verlief. Was verbindet und was entfernt uns heute von der rühneuzeitlichen Diskussion um das Verhältnis von Bildern und Texten
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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