1,721,045 research outputs found
Do Female Executives Make a Difference? The Impact of Female Leadership on Gender Gaps and Firm Performance
Full text linkWe analyze a matched employer-employee panel data set and find that female leadership has a positive effect on female wages at the top of the distribution, and a negative one at the bottom. Moreover, performance in firms with female leadership increases with the share of female workers. This evidence is consistent with a model where female executives are better equipped at interpreting signals of productivity from female workers. This suggests substantial costs of underrepresentation of women at the top: for example, if women became CEOs of firms with at least 20% female employment, sales per worker would increase 6.7%
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Impact of Immigrant Population Share and Candidate Ideology on Senate Republican Election Outcomes in U.S. Counties, 2010-2016
Full text linkIn this paper, I study the impact of immigration to the United States on the vote share for Senate candidates with varying degrees of conservatism in the Republican Party during the period 2010-2016. This is done by analyzing the proportion of immigrants in a U.S. county, candidate ideology, and candidate vote share. This paper finds that for the 2012, 2014, and 2016 Senate elections, when immigration levels and candidate ideology are interacted together, candidates that are more ideologically conservative receive higher vote share in counties with increasing proportions of immigrants. This paper also finds that for most election years analyzed, an increase in the overall proportion of immigrants in a county leads to lower vote share for Senate Republican candidates. Additionally, more ideologically conservative Senate Republican candidates received lower vote share during presidential election years, but greater vote share during midterm election years.Bachelor of Art
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Gender Differences in Education, Career Choices and Labor Market Outcomes on A Sample of OECD Countries
No full textIn most OECD countries gender differentials in the labor market have experienced a steady reduction in the 1970s and 1980s. Starting with the 1990s, however, the convergence between the labor market performance of men and women has essentially stopped. As a result, gender differentials in the labor market are still significant and persistent. At the same time, differences in pre-labor market characteristics, in particular education, have decreased and in most OECD countries women now acquire more education than men. However, if the differences in the amount of education acquired by men and women are small, the differences in the type of education (such as the field of study, major or other characteristics of the study programme) are still large
The Impact of Motherhood, Childcare, and Location on Women's Wage Growth
Full text linkThis paper examines how motherhood, the use of childcare, and an individual’s geographic
location affects their wages for a fifteen year period using cross-sectional data. Incorporating
Gary Becker’s theory on the Gender Division of Labor (1985) and the feminist theory of the
‘second shift’, the paper aims to better understand how wages are affected, and what factors
contribute to that change. This paper also evaluates how an individual’s location, which highly
corresponds to their ideological values, affects their wages. By utilizing the NLSY79, this
analysis uses four empirical models, two Heckman Selection models to control for selection bias,
a Two Stage Least Squares to control for reverse causality, and a Fixed Model to control for
unobserved heterogeneity. This research reveals that similar to past research, each additional
child decrease wages by more than 10% and that paid childcare significantly increases women’s
wages. Those who live in urban areas see a 4% to 10% increase in wages across, and those who
live in the Northeastern US, which is much more urbanized than other areas of the US, earn more
than those in other regions.Bachelor of Art
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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