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Phthinia meicigama Fitzgerald & Kerr, n. sp.
No full textPhthinia meicigama Fitzgerald & Kerr n. sp. Figs. 14–19 Type material. Holotype: ♂ (Fig. 14) point-mounted on pin [SEMC], “ USA: MI: Gogebic Co., # 1 VIII– 6–1950, G.W. Byers” / “ HOLOTYPE 13 N 276, Phthinia meicigama ♂, Fitzgerald & Kerr, 2014 ” [red label], terminalia dissected. Etymology. “ Meicigama ” is an Algonquian Chippewa Indian word that roughly translates to “great water” in reference to the Great Lakes region of northern Michigan, where this species was collected. It is also believed to be the origin of the state name “Michigan.” Phthinia meicigama is known only from Gogebic County Michigan on the peninsula that lies between Lake Superior and Lake Michigan, and the specific epithet honors the natural features and the cultural history of this region. Diagnosis and comments. Phthinia meicigama is most similar to the Palearctic species P. congenita Plassmann, but differs by having the median lobe of the gonostylus simple (Figs. 16–19) rather than bilobate (Plassmann 1984, Fig. 4). In the Nearctic region P. meicigama n. sp. is most similar to P. lobata, as both taxa have only a single spine on the gonostylus. However, P. meicigama n. sp. lacks the apically spatulate lobe on the inner surface of the gonostylus that is distinctive in P. lobata. Description. Male (Fig. 14). Entirely light brown. Body length: [6.8] mm (n= 1). Head. First flagellomere longer, approximately 1.25 times the length of flagellomere 2. Thorax. Laterotergite haired. Scutellum with 4 stronger bristles (all but one shorn off in holotype, but setal size inferred from size of remaining setal sockets). Legs. First tarsomere of foreleg about 2.4 x length of foretibia, first tarsomere of midleg about 1.4 x as long as midtibia, and first tarsomere of hind leg about 0.7 x as long as hind tibia. Hind tibia with 20–23 minute anterior setae, 38–45 minute dorsal setae (n= 1), and 12 minute posterior setae (n= 1); midtibia also with minute setae. Wings. Length: [4.9] mm (n= 1). Membrane with macrotrichia; microtrichia present and easily distinguishable between more widely spaced macrotrichia. C extending a little less than 1 / 4 of the distance between R 5 and M 1; Rs about 1 / 4 length r-m; medial fork complete; M 1 not faint basally; stem of medial fork subequal in length to r-m. A 1 diverging only slightly from stem of CuA. Abdomen. Terminalia (Figs. 15–19) previously dissected making color indeterminable. Cerci short, apically narrowly rounded, and with several setae apically (Fig. 17). Hypoproct small, posterior margin medially emarginate, forming a pair of setose lobes ventral to cerci. Gonostylus articulating at posterior apex of gonocoxite (Figs. 18–19); gonostylus apically bifurcate, the outer lobe elongate, spine-like, apically acute, and the inner lobe broader, irregularly-shaped, setose, lacking an additional spoon-shaped lobe. In dorsal view, aedeagal complex triangular, apically acute (Fig. 18). Posteroventral margin of gonocoxites with median, mound-like, apically bifurcate hypandrial lobe (Fig. 19). Female. Unknown.Published as part of Fitzgerald, Scott J. & Kerr, Peter H., 2014, Revision of Nearctic Phthinia Winnertz (Diptera: Mycetophilidae), pp. 301-325 in Zootaxa 3856 (3) on pages 311-313, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3856.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25169
Phthinia mikmaqi Fitzgerald & Kerr, n. sp.
No full textPhthinia mikmaqi Fitzgerald & Kerr n. sp. Figs. 20–24 Type material. Holotype: ♂ (Fig. 20) [CNCI], “Mount Uniacke, N.S. 5.VIII. 1958, J.R. Vockeroth” / “ HOLOTYPE 13 N 263, Phthinia mikmaqi ♂, Fitzgerald & Kerr, 2014 ” [red label], mounted directly on side of pin, nearly complete specimen, missing part of left front leg, terminalia dissected. Etymology. This species is named after the First Nations people, Mi’kmaq, whose territories include the Canadian Maritime Provinces where this species was found. The Mi’kmaq people are politically active, and fight to protect clean water and other natural resources in New Brunswick from “fracking” and other polluting forms of land exploitation. The Mi’kmaq people are an inspiration for environmental engagement worldwide. Diagnosis and comments. In the Nearctic region, P. mikmaqi n. sp. is most similar to P. neptunei n. sp., but can be distinguished by the bilobate gonostylus in P. mikmaqi n. sp. and trilobite gonostylus in P. neptunei n. sp. See also “discussion” section below. Description. Male (Fig. 20). Head dark brown, abdomen brown, remainder light brown except for coxa light brown to cream colored. Body length: [5.4] mm (n= 1). Head. First flagellomere longer, approximately 1.6 times the length of flagellomere 2. Thorax. Laterotergite bare. Scutellum with 2 stronger bristles. Legs. First tarsomere of anterior leg about 1.5 x length of foretibia, first tarsomere of midleg about 0.9 x as long as midtibia, and first tarsomere of hind leg about 0.7 x as long as hind tibia. Hind tibia with 9–11 minute anterior setae, 34 minute dorsal setae (n= 1), and posterior setae absent (n= 1); midtibia also with minute setae. Wings. Length: [4.6] mm (n= 1). Membrane with microtrichia present between dense macrotrichia. C extending about 1 / 4 of the distance between R 5 and M 1; Rs about 1 / 5 - 1 / 4 length r-m; medial fork complete; M 1 not faint basally; stem of medial fork approximately 3 / 5 length of r-m. A 1 diverging greatly from stem of CuA. Abdomen. Terminalia (Figs. 21–24). Terminalia previously dissected making color indeterminable. Cerci and hypoproct forming two pairs of setose lobes dorsal to parameres (Fig. 21–22). Gonocoxites with dense brush-like setae on inner dorsoapical surface beyond gonostylar articulation (Figs 22–23). Gonocoxites ventroapically developed into a pair of dark, heavilysclerotized, short, stout, apically broadly-rounded, medially curved lobes (Figs. 22–24). Gonostylus articulating dorsally on gonocoxite; gonostylus elongate, slightly curved, bilobate; the smaller sub-basal lobe short, thumb-like, apically tapered, narrowly apically rounded, and the longer (primary) lobe apically expanded, spatulate, with a single strong preapical seta just anterior to spatulate expansion (Figs. 22–23). In ventral view aedeagal complex triangular, strongly tapered apically, apically acute (Fig. 24). Posteroventral margin of gonocoxites difficult to discern, but apparently with median, mound-like, hypandrial lobe (Fig. 24). Female. Unknown. Discussion. P. mikmaqi n. sp. is most similar to the Eastern Palearctic species P. amurensis Zaitzev (1994) and, based on available information, is indistinguishable from this species. The illustration of the male terminalia of P. amurensis provided by Zaitzev (1994: plate 56, fig. 5) is in ventral view, and does not show the structure of the gonostylus, which is often diagnostic for Phthinia species. Zaitzev’s description also makes no mention of the structure of the gonostylus and the type of P. amurensis was unavailable for study. There are several examples in Nearctic Phthinia where, based on the structure of the male terminalia, the most similar species happens to be a Palearctic one (for example, P. hyrcancica Zaitzev / P. neptunei n. sp., P. lenae Zaitzev / P. tanypus, P. congenita Plassmann / P. meicigama n. sp.). Considering this pattern, it is quite possible that P. am u re n s i s and P. mikmaqi n. sp. represent another example of such a Palearctic / Nearctic species pair that have similar, but distinct male terminalia. Though the lack of solid information about the terminalia of P. amurensis prevents further evaluation, this pattern of species pairs, and the fact that no other species of Phthinia have yet been found to be Holarctic, leads us to conclude that P. mikmaqi n. sp. is a distinct taxon and we have decided to treat it as such until further information suggests otherwise.Published as part of Fitzgerald, Scott J. & Kerr, Peter H., 2014, Revision of Nearctic Phthinia Winnertz (Diptera: Mycetophilidae), pp. 301-325 in Zootaxa 3856 (3) on pages 313-315, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3856.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25169
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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