778 research outputs found
Optimum currency area theory: A selective review
No full textThe first part of this paper is a review of significant papers in the vast literature on optimum currency area (OCA) theory. The author focuses on the main classical contributions, then considers modern treatment of OCA theory. The second part considers empirical literature on the types of geographical areas that might constitute optimum currency areas, particularly with respect to asymmetry and symmetry of shocks.
Optimum currency area theory: A selective review
No full textThe first part of this paper is a review of significant papers in the vast literature on optimum currency area (OCA) theory. The author focuses on the main classical contributions, then considers modern treatment of OCA theory. The second part considers empirical literature on the types of geographical areas that might constitute optimum currency areas, particularly with respect to asymmetry and symmetry of shocks.
The crop protection industry´s view on the regulatory situation for SPP chemical
No full textThe regulatory situation regarding products for the protection of stored products in the EU has become increasingly complex in recent years. Since 1991, products for the control of the major storage pests – insects and rodents – were regulated by the Plant Protection Directive 91/414/EEC, one of the world´s most stringent legislations for pesticides. In the course of the EU review program for existing active substances, the number of available plant protection active substances was reduced from around 1000 in 1993 to about 250 to date. Many SPP pesticides were lost in this process already.A second challenge for industry came with the Biocidal Products Directive 98/8/EC (BPD) in March 1998. Due to insufficient clarification of borderlines and lack of harmonisation, many products are now under the scope of both directives. Additional bureaucratic hurdles are now raised by the new European chemicals legislation REACH, requiring registration for all chemicals, including coformulants.For many companies, especially SMEs, the costs of several million € for studies, dossier compilation and authorisation fees are not viable for the relatively small storage protection product segment. For the remaining products, use restrictions due to the high importance of human and environmental safety are increasing, resulting in less availability of products for amateur use. At the same time, the political climate tends against the use of chemicals in general.Awareness must urgently be raised, both on the political public level, as to the necessity and benefits of chemical storage protection
Applications of stable polynomials to mixed determinants : Johnson's conjectures, unimodality, and symmetrized Fischer products
No full textFor (n x n)-matrices A and B, define eta(A, B) = Sigma(S)det(A[S])det(B[S']), where the summation is over all subsets of {1,..., n}, S' is the complement of S', and A [S] is the principal submatrix of A with rows and columns indexed by S. We prove that if A >= 0 and B is Hermitian, then (1) the polynomial eta(zA, -B) has all real roots; (2) the latter polynomial has as many positive, negative, and zero roots (counting multiplicities) as suggested by the inertia of B if A > 0; and (3) for 1 <= i <= n, the roots of eta(zA[{1}'], -B[{i}']) interlace those of eta(zA, -B). Assertions (1) - (3) solve three important conjectures proposed by C. R. Johnson in the mid-1980s in [20, pp. 169, 170], [21]. Moreover, we substantially extend these results to tuples of matrix pencils and real stable polynomials. In the process, we establish unimodality properties in the sense of majorization for the coefficients of homogeneous real stable polynomials, and as an application, we derive similar properties for symmetrized Fischer products of positive-definite matrices. We also obtain Laguerre-type inequalities for characteristic polynomials of principal submatrices of arbitrary Hermitian matrices which considerably generalize a certain subset of the Hadamard., Fischer, and Koteljanskii inequalities for principal minors of positive-definite matrices. Finally, we propose Lax-type problems for real stable polynomials and mixed determinants.</p
Sektion 47 – Weinbau (Vorträge)
No full text47-1 - Ipach, U.; Kling, L.; Maixner, M. Erstes Auftreten von Aster Yellows Disease an Reben in der Pfalz47-2 - Loskill, B.; Koch, E.; Maixner, M. Schwarzfäule (Guignardia bidwellii) der Rebe – Untersuchungen zur saison- und witterungsabhängigen Entwicklung und Dispersion des Inokulums sowie zum Infektionsprozess47-3 - Molitor, D.; Frühauf, C.; Berkelmann-Löhnertz, B. Einfluss von Witterung und Phänologie auf Infektionsstärke und Inkubationszeitlänge von Guignardia bidwellii47-4 - Koch, E.; Kortekamp, A.; Harms, M.; Loskill, B.; Hoffmann, C. Anfälligkeit „pilzwiderstandsfähiger“ Rebsorten gegen die Schwarzfäule (Guignardia bidwellii)47-5 - Molitor, D.; Fischer, S.; Evers, D. Eignung kulturtechnischer und chemischer Verfahren zur Fäulnisvermeidung im Weinbau47-6 - Schwappach, P. Wie tolerant gegen die Wurzelreblaus sind Unterlagsrebsorten tatsächlich?47-7 - Achleitner, D. BOTECTOR – Wirksamer Schutz gegen Botrytis-Fäule der Weinrebe47-8 - Kuhmann, F.; Schrader, E. Fluopyram: Ein neuer fungizider Wirkstoff für den Weinbau47-9 - Wittrock, A.; Trauth, B.; Metz, N. Meptyldinocap – ein hochaktives Fungizid mit stoppender, heilender und vorbeugender Wirkung zur Kontrolle des Echten Mehltaus an Weinrebe
Domestic lighting
No full textLighting is one of the determinants of quality of life. In most developing countries, households spend a considerable part of their cash income on modern fuels to meet their lighting needs. The average amount of fuel consumed for lighting is much higher in villages without electricity than in villages with it; moreover, people with non-electric light have much lower lighting levels than people with electric lights. Why then do people use non-electric lighting when electricity is available? Mainly because they fit well with poor family spending patterns. The initial cost and per month cost of a wick lamp are low, and kerosene can be bought in small quantities as needed. Households with electricity are accustomed to much higher levels of light, for which they have to finance a connection charge, installation cost and for which they pay more for regular use. It is found that houses with electric lighting typically have lighting in every room, whereas non-electric users tend to use only one lamp for the whole house. Although both kinds of lamp give light, they are not directly comparable; it takes 18 kerosene lamps to give off the light of a single 60 watt incandescent bulb.Energy and Poverty Alleviation,Energy and Environment,Renewable Energy,Energy Demand,Engineering
Königl. concessionirtes Theater in Düsseldorf / Nacht und Morgen : Abonnement-Suspendu ; heute Donnerstag den 21. Dezember 1843: zum Besten des Herrn v. Rigéno, zum erstenmale wiederholt ; romantisches Schauspiel in vier Abtheilungen und fünf Akten
No full textmit freier Benutzung des Bulwerschen Romans von C. Birch-Pfeiffer (Manuscript). Personen: Herr Scharpff, Herr Hoffmann, Herr v. Rigéno, Herr Sanner, Fräulein Stephany, Herr Herzberg, Frau Julius, Herr Krug, Herr Fischer, Herr Schwarzer, Herr von Rigéno, Herr Hoffmann, Herr Sanner, Herr Saalbach, Frau Weiß, Herr Henckel, Sohn, Fräulein Stephany, Herr Herzberg, Fräulein Louis, T. Bandemer, Herr Weiß, Herr Bensberg, Fräulein Haase, Fräul. Schwarzer I, Herr Henckel, Sohn, Herr Allmann, Herr von Rigéno, Herr Sanner, Herr Herzberg, Herr Amberg, Herr Krug, Herr Böttcher, Herr Fischer, Fräulein Suhle, Herr Weiß, Herr Haußherr, Herr Stelzer, Herr von Rigéno, Herr Hoffmann, Herr Sanner, Fräulein Haase, Herr Herzberg, Frau Julius, Herr Bensberg, Herr SchwarzerIn Fraktu
Königl. concessionirtes Theater in Düsseldorf / Nacht und Morgen : Abonnement-Suspendu ; heute Donnerstag den 14. Dezember 1843: zum Besten der Frau Derossi, Witwe des verstorbenen Schauspiel-Direktors ; romantisches Schauspiel in vier Abtheilungen und fünf Akten
No full textmit freier Benutzung des Bulwerschen Romans von C. Birch-Pfeiffer (Manuscript). Personen: Herr Scharpff, Herr Hoffmann, Herr von Rigéno, Herr Sanner, Fräulein Stephany, Herr Herzberg, Frau Julius, Herr Krug, Herr Fischer, Herr Schwarzer, Herr von Rigéno, Herr Hoffmann, Herr Sanner, Herr Saalbach, Frau Weiß, Herr Henckel, Sohn, Fräulein Stephany, Herr Herzberg, Fräulein Louis, T. Bandemer, Herr Weiß, Herr Bensberg, Fräulein Haase, Fräulein Schwarzer I, Herr Henckel, Sohn, Herr Allmann, Herr von Rigéno, Herr Sanner, Herr Herzberg, Herr Amberg, Herr Krug, Herr Böttcher, Herr Fischer, Fräulein Suhle, Herr Weiß, Herr Haußherr, Herr Stelzer, Herr von Rigéno, Herr Hoffmann, Herr Sanner, Fräulein Haase, Herr Herzberg, Frau Julius, Herr Bensberg, Herr SchwarzerIn Fraktu
Sektion 34: Rechtliche u. a. Rahmenbedingungen im Pflanzenschutz II
No full text34-2 - Unzulässigkeit von Biodiversitätsausgleichsflächen als Nebenbestimmung bei der Zulassung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln Ines Manuela Hilger34-4 - Lokales Risikomanagement für die Anwendung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln in Trinkwassergewinnungsgebieten per Anwendungsbestimmung Local risk management of plant protection product use in drinking water abstractionareas by means of directions for useWiebke Tüting, Wolfram König, Ralf Fischer, Christine Kula, Christina Pickl, Martin Streloke34-5 - Stand von Wissenschaft und Technik State of scientific and technical knowledgeVolker Kaus34-6 Offene Rechtsprobleme bei der Bearbeitung von Zulassungsanträgen (Alt- und Neuanträge) durch die Bewertungsbehörden mit Fokus auf Art. 36 Abs. 3 VO 1107/2009 Peter E. Ouart34-7 - Artikel 43 der Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1107/2009 - Die Erneuerung der Zulassung als Praxisstress Article 43 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 –Renewal of authorisation as organisational challengeRegina C. Fische
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