1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A simple device and technique for transumbilical open laparoscopy in children
No full textIn the last decade, transumbilical open laparoscopy has been widely used and accepted because it safely allows the insertion of the initial trocar without complication, such as major vascular or intra-abdominal visceral penetration. To avoid these complications, many authors have proposed using the open technique with a Hasson trocar. Pediatric-size laparoscopic equipment is difficult to obtain, however, so since 1992 the authors have used a simple device for open laparoscopy in pediatric patients. The open procedure is performed in the standard fashion. A small incision is made through the umbilical crease and is deepened through the linea alba. The peritoneum is picked up between hemostats and opened under direct vision. The distal part of a soft-seal endotracheal tube is forced over the end of the usual 5-mm cannula. The device thus assembled is inserted into the abdomen, and the balloon is inflated and is held back against the abdominal wall by the assistant. This maneuver avoids both gas leakage and sutures on the fascia and/or peritoneum. Since 1992 the authors have performed a total of 58 diagnostic and/or operative laparoscopies, using this simple device for open laparoscopy in 55 of them. No complications such as balloon burst or gas leakage have been recorded. This technique is safe, is time-saving, and does not require any sutures
Laparoscopy for nonpalpable testis: Is inguinal exploration always necessary when the cord structures enter the inguinal ring?
No full textOn laparoscopic examination, about half the cases of impalpable testis present cord structures entering the inguinal ring. The aim of this study was to verify the validity of laparoscopy in selecting patients who need inguinal exploration. Since 1992, 40 laparoscopies (41 impalpable testis) have been performed in the authors' institution. The patients' ages ranged from 1 to 8 years (average, 4). After the introduction of the first trocar by an open approach, the internal inguinal ring on the side of the normally descended testis was studied, and the iliac areas and the pelvis were inspected with particular attention to the internal inguinal ring patency. In 6 patients (15%), blind ending cord structures were found above the inguinal ring. An intrabdominal testis was found in 13 patients (32.5%). In 21 patients, cord structures entering the inguinal ring were observed; 18 had hypoplasic spermatic vessels and a closed processus vaginalis. An inguinal exploration was performed, and specimens for histologic examination were collected when cord structures entering the inguinal ring were observed. Scars and/or calcifications were found in 70% and 50% of the cases, respectively; viable germ cells were identified in two remnants; no malignancy was recorded. No complications occurred, and all the patients were discharged 1-2 days postoperatively. Inguinal exploration can be avoided when hypotrophic vessels are found entering a closed internal inguinal ring, since hypotrophic vessels are inequivocable signs of intracanalicular vanishing testis. Inguinal exploration is indicated in syndromic patients and when normally developed vessels and/or open inguinal ring are found on laparoscopy
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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