177,666 research outputs found
La cristianizzazione del Lazio antico attraverso le più recenti ricerche archeologiche: un bilancio critico
No full textCorrigendum: In the Wake of the Ongoing Mass Mortality Events: Co-occurrence of Mycobacterium, Haplosporidium and Other Pathogens in Pinna nobilis Collected in Italy and Spain (Mediterranean Sea) (Frontiers in Marine Science, (2020), 7, 10.3389/fmars.2020.00048)
No full textIn the original article, the given name and surnames were switched for Elisabetta Antuonfermo, Simone Farina, Fulvio Salati, Daniela Mandas, Rossella Panarese, Eleonora Fiocchi, and Tobia Pretto. The correct version appears above. The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated
Late-breaking news from the "4th International Meeting on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases" Capri, 2006. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2007;13:1031-1050
No full textAt the "4th International Meeting on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: on the Way to
New Therapies," Capri, 2006, genetics, bacteria-host interactions,
immunomodulation, and tissue response were discussed deeply in order to
understand, rationalize, and develop novel therapies. About genetics, the
importance of a better understanding of the nature of known loci and of the
putative associations was stressed. It was confirmed that genotype-phenotype
associations in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have important clinical and
therapeutic implications. The importance of the search for dominant bacterial
antigens in chronic immune-mediated intestinal inflammation emerged, as well as
knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms of bacterial-host interactions. It
was discussed how innate and adaptive immunity signaling events can perpetuate
chronic inflammation. Signal transduction pathways provide an intracellular
mechanism by which cells respond and adapt to environmental stress. The
identification of these signals have led to a greater understanding of the
pathogenesis of IBD and pointed to potential therapeutic targets. It was shown
that immune homeostasis is lost in IBD, resulting in a complex tissue response
involving the action of immune and nonimmune cells. The nonimmune tissue response
in IBD could be regarded as a new target for control of chronic intestinal
inflammation. The changing role of biotherapy in IBD was widely discussed and in
particular the anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibodies. Granulocyte-colony
stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and stem cells therapies were also discussed. The
risk-to-benefit ratio of the novel therapies was analyzed in detail. Finally,
future directions for basic science and the unmet needs for clinical practice
were presented
News from the "5th International Meeting on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases" CAPRI 2010.
No full textAbstract
At the “5th International Meeting on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases selected topics of inflammatory
bowel disease (IBD), including the environment, genetics, the gut flora, the cell response and
immunomodulation were discussed in order to better understand specific clinical and therapeutic
aspects. The incidence of IBD continues to rise, both in lowand in high-incidence areas. It is believed
that factors associated with ‘Westernization’may be conditioning the expression of these disorders.
The increased incidence of IBD among migrants from low-incidence to high-incidence areas within
the same generation suggests a strong environmental influence.
The development of genome-wide association scanning (GWAS) technologies has lead to the
discovery of more than 100 IBD loci. Some, as the Th 17 pathway genes, are shared between
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), while other are IBD subtype-specific (autophagy
genes, epithelial barrier genes). Disease-specific therapies targeting these pathways should be
developed. Epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response also appears to play an important
role in the pathogenesis of IBD.
The importance of gut flora in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation was reinforced, the
concepts of eubiosis and dysbiosis were introduced, and some strategies for reverting dysbiosis to
a homeostatic state of eubiosis were proposed. The current status of studies on the human gut
microbiota metagenome, metaprotome, and metabolome was also presented.
The cell response in inflammation, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses,
autophagy and inflammasome-dependent events were related to IBD pathogenesis. It was
suggested that inflammation-associated ER stress responses may be a common trait in the
pathogenesis of various chronic immune and metabolic diseases.
How innate and adaptive immunity signaling events can perpetuate chronic inflammation was
discussed extensively. Signal transduction pathways provide intracellular mechanisms by which
cells respond and adapt to multiple environmental stresses. The identification of these signals
has led to a greater mechanistic understanding of IBD pathogenesis and pointed to potentially
new therapeutic targets.
A critical analysis of clinical trials and of risk-benefit of biological therapy was presented. The
problem of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and lymphoma in IBD was extensively discussed. Lymphomas
can develop in intestinal segments affected by IBD and are in most cases associated with EBV. The
reasons of treatment failure were also analyzed both from basic and clinical points of view.
Two very interesting presentations on the integration of research and clinical care in the near
future closed the meeting. These presentations were focused on macrotrends affecting
healthcare delivery and research, and the need to innovate traditional infrastructures to deal
with these changing trends as well as new opportunities to accelerate scientific knowledge
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
La tomba della “donna dei gioielli” nella basilica di papa Marco sulla via Ardeatina a Roma. Analisi archeologica e antropologica
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