1,721,007 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-hpq-10.1177_13591053241243285 – Supplemental material for Childhood maltreatment and the risk of impaired glucose metabolism or type 2 diabetes in young adults: Findings from the Lifelines Cohort Study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-hpq-10.1177_13591053241243285 for Childhood maltreatment and the risk of impaired glucose metabolism or type 2 diabetes in young adults: Findings from the Lifelines Cohort Study by Sonya S. Deschênes, Finiki Nearchou, Amy McInerney, Norbert Schmitz, Frans Pouwer and Arie Nouwen in Journal of Health Psychology</p
Resilience following emotional abuse by teachers: Insights from a cross-sectional study with Greek students
Get PDFopen access articleAn integrative socio-ecological model was developed to investigate the impact of emotional abuse by teachers on children’s psychological functioning and test the role of social support and self-confidence as protective factors associated with resilience. Emotional abuse by teachers, social support from family, peers, school and a significant adult from the community, self-confidence and psychological functioning were assessed in a sample of young Greek school students aged 9–12 years (n = 223, mean age = 10.8, SD = 0.885). Results revealed that exposure to emotional abuse by teachers predicted behavioural problems in school students suggesting a negative effect of these experiences on psychological functioning. The bootstrapped mediation model showed that the impact of emotional abuse by teachers on psychological functioning was significantly diminished through the influence of social support and self-confidence. Also, social support exerted a strong positive impact on self-confidence. This is the first study to show that individual and environmental factors using a socio-ecological model of resilience influence the adverse outcomes of this form of abuse in school aged children. These findings suggest that emotional abuse by teachers should be considered as a potential source of behavioural problems and adjustment in elementary students. Social support through its strong effect on self-confidence is an important protective factor of resilience against emotional abuse by teachers
Experiences of Transition from Adolescence to Young Adulthood in the Context of Chronic Skin Conditions: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.
No full textChronic skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis are common in adolescence and young adulthood. The developmental transition to young adulthood involves social, psychological and physical change, which can be challenging. Adolescents living with chronic skin conditions may experience greater challenges than their healthy peers due to the potential addition of managing and coping with their condition. Using semi-structured interviews and an interpretative phenomenological approach, this study explored experiences of transition from adolescence to adulthood in the context of chronic skin conditions (eczema, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa). Seven themes emerged: (1) The Medical Journey; (2) Practical Difficulties; (3) Physical Impacts; (4) Psychological Impacts; (5) Self-Conscious Emotions; (6) Stigma; and (7) Building Resilience. Our findings add to our understanding of the difficulties experienced by young people with chronic skin conditions, particularly during adolescence. Our findings also offer insight into how researchers and practitioners can support these young people throughout their developmental journey from adolescence into young adulthood
Assessing the effectiveness of school-based sex education in sexual health behaviours: A systematic review
No full textObjective: To systematically review and synthesise evidence on the effectiveness of school-based sex education interventions on sexual health behaviour outcomes and to identify Behaviour Change Techniques (BCT) associated with school-based sex education interventions on sexual health behaviours.
Methods: Electronic searches were conducted to systematically identify literature for school-based sex education interventions targeting sexual health behaviours. Results were presented as a narrative synthesis.
Results: Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies examined sexual health behaviours such as condom usage, frequency of sexual activity, initiation of sexual activity and number of sexual partners. Nine (out of 93) Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) were identified with the most used BCTs being information about health consequences and social and emotional consequences, demonstration of behaviour, behavioural practice/rehearsal and instructions on how to perform the behaviour.
Conclusion: This review has systematically identified and synthesised all available evidence for school-based sex education interventions and sexual health behaviours. School-based sex education interventions can be effective in promoting positive sexual health behaviours. This review provides a conceptual foundation of school-based sex education interventions for shaping sexual health behaviours and offers evidence-based knowledge for researchers, educators and policy makers in understanding what is known across the diverse sexual health literature
Traumatic Distress of COVID-19 and Depression in the General Population: Exploring the Role of Resilience, Anxiety, and Hope
No full textInternational evidence published so far shows that the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted on global mental health. Specifically, there is some research suggesting that the psychological distress related to depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress has impacted on the psychological well-being of the general population. Yet, there is limited evidence on the relational paths between COVID-19 traumatic distress and depression. Participants of this cross-sectional study were 456 adults 18 years old or older from the general population (Mean age = 41.2 years, SD = 11.7) who completed an online questionnaire including measures assessing depression, anxiety, resilience, hope and traumatic distress related to COVID-19. Structural equation modelling was applied to examine the proposed mediation model. The results confirmed the proposed model, with traumatic distress of COVID-19, resilience, anxiety and hope explaining a considerable amount of variance (59%) in depression scores. Traumatic distress of COVID-19 was a strong positive predictor of depression, while anxiety, hope and resilience were both joint and unique mediators of this relationship. Exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic is strongly associated with depression in adults of the general population. The co-occurrence of anxiety may negatively contribute to experiencing higher levels of depression, while resilience and hope may act as buffers against depression associated with the impact of this pandemic. Our findings suggest that wide community-based interventions designed to promote resilience, build hope and reduce anxiety may help mitigate depression associated with exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Accessing Sexual Health Information Online: Content, Reasons and Practical Barriers in Emerging Adults
No full textThe Internet is an important platform for providing sexual health information for emerging adults. However, less is known about what content is accessed, why it is accessed and what practical barriers exist. Emerging adulthood is a developmental period often associated with increased risky sexual behaviour. This study explored practical aspects of accessing online sexual health information including the type of content accessed, reasons for accessing informationand practical barriers to accessing websites. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was applied. Participants were 751 emerging adults aged 18–29 years old (M = 23.3; SD = 3.11), recruited from the Republic of Ireland. Participants completed an online survey including variables about demographics, Internet searches for sex-related information, reasons for conducting searches, important aspects and practical difficulties in accessing sexual health websites. Most participants reported using the Internet for sexual health information. Content accessed related to sexually transmitted infections, contraceptives and relationship advice. Reasons for conducting searches included curiosity, privacy and presence of infection. Important website factors were usefulness, ease of understanding and confidentiality. Practical barriers included difficulty filtering excess information, lack of relevant content and limited awareness of trusted sources. Differences were observed between genders and sexual orientations. The findings have implications for healthcare and/or public health professionals who are responsible for providing online sexual health resources for emerging adults
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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