1,720,993 research outputs found
Immigration and Discrimination
No full textThe history of immigration controls is mired in racism, a fact that is not much discussed in the philosophical literature regarding the ethics of immigration restrictions. Indeed, race and ethnicity hardly feature at all in the debate. I explore what is revealed about the ethics of immigration controls when we move race and ethnicity from the margins to the forefront of our analysis. I begin with an outline of the absolutely central role of race and ethnicity in the history and politics of immigration restrictions. Next, I turn my attention to normative arguments that seek to defend some form of immigration restrictions while also denying the permissibility of discriminating between prospective immigrants on grounds of race or ethnicity. I consider what is necessary in order for these arguments to marry those objectives, and I highlight the serious challenges that arise. Making race and ethnicity the focus of our investigation not only serves to shed light on one particularly troubling feature of immigration controls as we know them; it also offers an additional angle from which to evaluate the wider coherence and appeal of arguments in support of the state’s right to exclude would-be immigrants. Furthermore, this exercise illustrates the ways in which arguments in political philosophy might be informed and affected by addressing the history of the institutions under discussion
Selecting By Merit: The Brave New World of Stratified Mobility
No full textThe bulk of academic debate has focused on the increasingly restrictive approach to ordinary immigration and naturalization applicants. This chapter argues that equally important lessons about the current state of citizenship can be learned by critically exploring who is treated as “wanted and welcome.” The discussion focuses on the highly skilled, the new breed of desired migrants. It highlights the increasingly common practice of governments “picking winners” through targeted and strategic grants of citizenship for those with extraordinary talent, while at the same time holding other categories of immigration applicants to ever-stricter admission and permission-to-stay requirements. After identifying and formulating these striking developments, the chapter addresses the core ethical and legal challenges they raise. The discussion concludes by exploring whether and how the rise of skills-based selective migration regimes may impact broader debates about mobility and (selective) openness, migration, and global justice
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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