1,720,994 research outputs found
The uneven impact of different life domains on the wellbeing of migrants
No full textLife satisfaction and motives for migration are both complex entanglements, reflecting multiple desires and experiences. The aim of this paper is to show that a focussed analysis of satisfaction with particular domains of life can lend support to the claim that residential migration is not only a life stressor but also a positive means leading to enduring improvements in individual satisfaction. Using the British Household Panel Survey we examine overall life satisfaction and satisfaction in various life domains such as housing, job, social life, household income, spouse and health, both prior to and after moving. A temporal pattern of migrants’ satisfaction for a number of years before and after the move is derived employing a fixed-effects model. Our results reveal that moving increases housing satisfaction considerably. Despite some decrease over time, five years after migration housing satisfaction is still significantly higher than it was initially. The positive effect of migration on housing satisfaction is much stronger and endures longer for those with a sustained desire to move before migration. Changes in satisfaction with other life domains are much less pronounced and no lasting improvements in satisfaction are observed for them
A Delphi survey of immigration to the UK to 2060, with particular reference to environmental mobility
No full textOver the next 50 years the potential impact on human livelihoods of environmental change could be considerable. Increased levels of human mobility may be one possible response to climate change. However, there is huge uncertainty about precisely how many people will move and about the destinations that will be chosen by environmentally driven migrants. This paper seeks to offer some quantitative estimates of the scale of uncertainty that surrounds forecasts of environmental migration to the UK. A Delphi Survey was used to analyse the opinions of a panel of experts. The experts anticipated that environmental migration would rise over the next 50 years, but had limited confidence in their estimates, pointing to the need to consider analysis of the reasons for uncertainty in relation to forecasts of environmental mobility. The survey suggests that only a minority of environmentally driven migrants will arrive as ‘displacement’ movers. Mediterranean Europe was cited as a potential source of environmentally driven migrants to the UK, not because this region is most at risk from climate change in global terms but because of the relative ease of migration from there to Britain under EU legislation
Concepts of place in non-metropolitan USA : evidence from selected discourses on proposed passenger high-speed rail
Get PDFThis research deepens the understanding of “sense of place” in
nonmetropolitan areas in the context of the possible development of high-speed
passenger-rail services in relation to three geographical dimensions: economic space,
environmental concerns, and human mobility. Specifically, this qualitative research
project examines how proposed passenger high-speed rail to nonmetropolitan
geographies in the Midwest region of the United States affects conceptions of sense
of place and space and how changes to nonmetropolitan dimensions of economics,
environment, and mobility affect the sense of place and space.
The United States has renewed interest in advancing passenger high-speed
rail. Most research about proposed passenger high-speed rail networks in the United
States have centered on the impact on major metropolitan areas of the country, but
little is known about what the impact might be on smaller, nonurban and rural places
along the proposed lines, much less on what they might think of it. This dissertation is
intended to remedy this lack of understanding about rural place and space and how
they are affected by planning for a new transportation mode such as high-speed
passenger rail. The results show that a high-speed-rail network does not have to be
constructed but only planned to drive changes in the conceptions of nonmetropolitan
place and space.
The implications affect local understandings of distribution of economic
resources, social and political power, and the environment. Despite optimism about
improved opportunities for accessibility and what Knowles et al. called “shrinkage of
space,” concerns also include ways in which segments of the nonurban population
may be further distanced and isolated. This research shows that people living in small towns and cities outside of the large metropolitan area have a continually evolving
sense of themselves and their sense of place and space.
Keywords: high-speed rail, planning, population geography, nonmetropolitan, rural,
micropolitan, space, sense of place, social segmentation
Forecasting environmental migration to the United Kingdom: an exploration using Bayesian models
Get PDFOver the next 50 years, the potential impact of environmental change on human livelihoods could be considerable, with one possible consequence being increased levels of human mobility. This paper explores how uncertainty about the level of immigration to the United Kingdom as a consequence of environmental factors elsewhere may be forecast using a methodology involving Bayesian models. The conceptual understanding of forecasting is advanced in three ways. First, the analysis is believed to be the first time that the Bayesian modelling approach has been attempted in relation to environmental mobility. Second, the paper considers the expediency of this approach by comparing the responses to a Delphi survey with conventional expectations about environmental mobility in the research literature. Finally, the values and assumptions of the expert evidence provided in the Delphi survey are interrogated to illustrate the limited set of conditions under which forecasts of environmental mobility, as set out in this paper, are likely to hold.<br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Residential mobility desires and behaviour over the life course : linking lives through time
Get PDFAs residential mobility recursively links individual life courses and the characteristics of places, it is unsurprising that geographers have long sought to understand how people make moving decisions. However, much of our knowledge of residential mobility processes derives from cross-sectional analyses of either mobility decision-making or moving events. Comparatively few studies have linked these separate literatures by analysing how residential (im)mobility decisions unfold over time within particular biographical, household and spatio-temporal contexts. This is problematic, as life course theories suggest that people frequently do not act in accordance with their underlying moving desires. To evaluate the extent to which residential (im)mobility is volitional or the product of constraints therefore requires a longitudinal approach linking moving desires to subsequent moving behaviour.
This thesis develops this longitudinal perspective through four linked empirical studies, which each use British Household Panel Survey data to analyse how the life course context affects the expression and realisation of moving desires. The first study investigates how people make moving decisions in different ways in response to different motivations, triggers and life events. The second study harnesses the concept of ‘linked lives’, exploring the extent to which the likelihood of realising a desire to move is dependent upon the desires of a person’s partner. The third study analyses the biographical dimension of mobility decision-making, investigating how the long-term trajectories of life course careers are associated with particular mobility biographies. The final empirical chapter develops these insights, exploring the duration and abandonment of moving desires. Taken together, these studies test and extend conceptual models of mobility decision-making by empirically engaging with neglected facets of life course theories. Fundamentally, the thesis uncovers how aggregate mobility patterns are produced by the interactions between individual choices and multi-scalar constraints
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
