1,721,218 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Reproductive factors as predictors of disease development and disease progression in rheumatoid arthritis patients
No full textA ce jour, de nombreuses controverses existent sur le rôle des facteurs hormonaux féminins dans la PR. Nous avons investigué le rôle des facteurs hormonaux féminins dans une population à haut risque, à savoir les parents au premier degré de patients atteints de PR. Nous avons montré que chez les personnes à risque, la présence d'auto-immunité associée à la PR est associée au sexe féminin, au tabagisme et à l'âge, ainsi que à la ménopause. Nous avons étudié le rôle des facteurs hormonaux dans la progression de la maladie en comparant les femmes atteintes de PR pré- et post-ménopausées. Nos résultats suggèrent que la période post-ménopausique est associée à une progression plus rapide de l'incapacité fonctionnelle. En résumé, les résultats des études présentées dans cette thèse ont montré le rôle important de la période post-ménopausique pour le développement et la progression de la PR
Gut microbiome in the development of rheumatoid arthritis
No full textLes muqueuses et leurs microbiomes jouent un rôle dans la genèse de la polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR). Cependant, cette assertion repose surtout sur des expérimentations animales. Cette thèse visait à analyser des échantillons humains.
Nous avons recueilli 380 échantillons de selles et de sérum, dans la cohorte SCREEN-RA (personnes à risque pour la PR). Les individus ont ensuite été classés comme témoins, témoins à haut risque génétique, individus asymptomatiques mais avec des auto-anticorps spécifiques de la PR, et individus avec des symptômes articulaires suspects ou une PR nouvelle.
Nous n’avons pas pu identifier d’'inflammation intestinale notable chez les patients PR précoce, ni chez les individus à haut risque de PR. Dans nos données, la présence des bactéries intestinales pourtant pathogéniques chez les souris, n’était pas associée à l’auto-immunité ou à la survenue de la PR.
Les limitations techniques et directions futures de recherche sont par ailleurs amplement discutées. Mucous membranes and their microbiomes play a role in the genesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, this assertion is mainly based on animal experiments. The aim of this thesis was to analyze human samples.
We collected 380 stool and serum samples from the SCREEN-RA cohort (individuals at risk of RA). Participants were then classified as controls, high genetic-risk controls, asymptomatic individuals but with RA-specific auto-antibodies, and individuals with clinically suspect arthralgia or new-onset RA.
We were unable to identify any notable intestinal inflammation in early RA patients, nor in individuals at high risk of RA. In our data, the presence of intestinal bacteria known to worsen arthritis in mice was not associated with autoimmunity or the onset of RA.
The technical limitations and future research directions are also extensively discussed.</p
smarter medicine: liste Top-5 pour le traitement des rhumatismes
No full textLa Société suisse de rhumatologie (SSR) publie sa liste Top-5 dans le cadre de l’initiative « smarter medicine-Choosing Wisely Switzerland ». Ces dernières années, les risques de surdiagnostic et de surtraitement ont été évoqués également dans le domaine de la rhumatologie. Ce n’est pourtant que récemment que la possibilité d’une réduction de la thérapie chez les patientes et patients dont l’objectif thérapeutique a été atteint, a fait l’objet de recherches et de discussions. Une attention particulière doit être accordée aux traitements coûteux. En plus des aspects financiers, les personnes concernées par un surdiagnostic sont exposées à de fortes tensions psychologiques avec les lourdes conséquences qui en découlent. Dès lors, la SSR a élaboré, à l’instar du modèle de l’American College of Rheumatology, une liste de cinq interventions à éviter
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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