1,720,997 research outputs found
DNA combinatorial messages and Epigenomics: The case of chromatin organization and nucleosome occupancy in eukaryotic genomes
Full text linkEpigenomics is the study of modifications on the genetic material of a cell that do not depend on changes in the DNA sequence, since those latter involve specific proteins around which DNA wraps. The end result is that Epigenomic changes have a fundamental role in the proper working of each cell in Eukaryotic organisms. A particularly important part of Epigenomics concentrates on the study of chromatin, that is, a fiber composed of a DNA-protein complex and very characterizing of Eukaryotes. Understanding how chromatin is assembled and how it changes is fundamental for Biology. In more than thirty years of research in this area, Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science have gained a prominent role, in terms of modeling and mining, regarding in particular the so-called 10 nm fiber. Starting from some very basic notions of Biology, we briefly illustrate the recent advances obtained via laboratory experiments on the organization and dynamics of chromatin. Then, we mainly concentrate our attention on the contributions given by Combinatorial and Informational Methodologies, that are at the hearth of Theoretical Computer Science, to the understanding of mechanisms determining the 10 nm fiber. We conclude highlighting several directions of investigation that are perceived as important and where Theoretical Computer Science can provide high impact result
Foreword: Algorithms, Strings and Theoretical Approaches in the Big Data Era – Special Issue in Honor of the 60th Birthday of Professor Raffaele Giancarlo(Editorial)
No full textRaffaele Giancarlo was born in 1957 in Salerno, Italy. He received his Laurea Degree in Computer Science from the University of Salerno in 1982. His Laurea thesis on combinatorial algorithms on words was supervised by Professor Alberto Apostolico. Some years later, in 1984, he was one of the few young researchers attending the Advanced Research Workshop on Combinatorial Algorithms on Words held at Maratea (Italy). In the same year, he won a public competition for an Assistant Professor position at University of Salerno. He also decided to pursue graduate studies in the US. Raffaele Giancarlo obtained his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Columbia University in 1990, defending one of the first Ph.D. thesis on algorithms and computational biology under the supervision of Professor Zvi Galil. In 1991 he attended the first formal edition of the Combinatorial Pattern Matching (CPM) conference, which was organized at Royal Halloway and Bedford New College (University of London). He has held several permanent or visiting scientist positions at many research labs and universities both in USA and Europe such as A T & T Bell Labs, Bell Labs of Lucent Technologies, A T & T Shannon Laboratories, University of Salerno, University of Palermo, Max Plank Institute for Molecular Genetics, INRIA, CNRS. He is currently Full Professor of Computer Science at University of Palermo. Professor Giancarlo is a specialist of design and analysis of combinatorial algorithms, with particular emphasis on string algorithms, ranging from data compression to bioinformatics. His scientific production consists of more than 90 papers appeared in established journals, conferences and book chapters. Moreover, he is coauthor of many patents, granted by the US Patent Office, in information retrieval. He is one of the funding members of Algorithms for Molecular Biology and of the Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI). He has been the scientific director of one of the first Summer Schools in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, which received more than 200 applications. He1 serves on the editorial boards of Theoretical Computer Science, BMC Bioinformatics, BMC Research Notes and he has served either as chairman or as a member of the scientific committees for many conferences, such as CPM, SPIRE, WABI, RECOMB, ICALP, COCOON. He has been invited keynote speaker to several conferences and summer schools, including SIAM International Conference in Applied Mathematics and the Ettore Majorana Center for the Advancement of Science. He has also been the principal investigator of several Italian Ministry of Education research projects in bioinformatics and one CNRS Grant. Professor Giancarlo has been the first President of the Computer Science Curricula at University of Palermo and he has been member of the Italian Computer Science Curricula Commission of the Italian Association of Computer Science Researchers (GRIN). He is currently on the board of directors of the CINI Consortium, that represents all of the academic competences in Computer Science and Engineering present in Italy. In particular, for that Consortium, he is founding member and on the board of InfoLife, a national laboratory covering all aspects of bioinformatics in Italy. He is delegate to the research for the Department of Mathematics and Informatics, and delegate to the placement students for the School of Basic and Applied Sciences, at University of Palermo. Finally, he is a member of the University's Scientific Council, University of Palermo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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