2,029 research outputs found
FPGA implementation of a highly efficient pulse discrimination trigger algorithm for the JUNO large PMTs readout electronics
No full textThe Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a
neutrino physics experiment located in China. A 20 kton multipurpose underground Liquid Scintillator (LS) will allow the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy by measuring the nuclear antineutrino energy spectrum. An excellent energy resolution and a large detector fiducial volume are key ingredients for addressing many important topics in neutrino and astroparticle physics. The LS detector is instrumented by 18000 20 inches PhotoMultiplier Tubes (PMT) which corresponds to about 75% of coverage. The Front-End readout electronics focuses on the Global Control Unit (GCU) board which, thanks to the on-board Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), is able to do an online processing of the PMTs waveform, providing
first-level trigger requests as well as timing synchronization and data forwarding to the Data Acquisition (DAQ) system. The JUNO experiment requires an evaluation of single photoelectron signals originated by the PMTs and, in this conditions, the signal amplitude is comparable to the electronics background noise. Therefore,
the paper aims to describe a new kind of trigger algorithm, featuring a high discrimination power. After having defined its architecture, the test section compares
the pulse detection efficiency in low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) scenarios, with a simple leading-edge trigger
Sviluppo e test dell'elettronica di front-end per i fototubi a grande dimensione dell'esperimento JUNO
No full textUna delle grandi sfide riguardanti la fisica del neutrino riguarda l'identificazione della sua gerarchia di massa. Il Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) e' un rivelatore a scintillatore liquido di nuova generazione, determinato a trovare una risposta a questa questione ancora irrisolta rilevando anti-neutrini elettronici da reattore, generati da centrali nucleari poste ad una distanza di circa 50 km, con una risoluzione energetica senza precedenti del 3% @ 1 MeV, grazie ad una immensa massa bersaglio di 20 mila tonnellate di liquido scintillatore, attorniato da circa 18'000 tubi fotomoltiplicatori (PMT) di grandi dimensioni, il tutto immerso in una piscina d'acqua a circa 700 metri di profondita'. La tesi introduce la fisica riguardante l'oscillazione del neutrino in vuoto, fenomeno sfruttato da JUNO per studiare il problema della gerarchia di massa. Successivamente vengono introdotte le principali interazioni del neutrino con il rivelatore, incentrandosi sulla reazione di inverse beta decay per la rilevazione di anti-neutrini elettronici. In questa sezione vengono spiegate anche le differenti sorgenti di neutrini che l'esperimento JUNO rilevera' e il segnale di fondo atteso, oltre al vasto programma di fisica del neutrino di JUNO verra' descritto. Successivamente verra' descritta l'elettronica di front-end. Una risoluzione di 0.1 fotoelettroni e una finestra di sincronizzazione di 16 ns sono solo alcune delle caratteristiche necessarie a raggiungere i requisiti di JUNO. Da qui nasce il concetto della Global Control Unit (GCU): una scheda custom a bassa potenza, sviluppata da Universita' e INFN di Padova, capace di svolgere differenti funzioni, dalla trasmissione di dati alla loro analisi, grazie all'intelligenza garantita da un Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), un circuito integrato configurabile dopo produzione, presente su scheda. La GCU verra' inoltre posizionata molto vicina ai PMT, sott'acqua, per evitare qualsiasi possibile degradazione del segnale causato da una grande lunghezza dei cavi. Dopo la descrizione della scheda, la configurazione della sua FPGA (chiamato comunemente firmware) e la sua caratterizzazione, le funzionalita' della GCU vengono testate su di un piccolo rivelatore a scintillatore liquido a modello JUNO, con installati 48 PMT. Il rivelatore si trova ai Laboratori Nazionali di Lgnaro (INFN-LNL) ed e' stato progettato da Universita'/INFN Padova. Dopo una breve descrizione dell'apparato, vengono mostrati i risultati ottenuti utilizzando l'elettronica di readout di JUNO. La realizzazione di questo rivelatore e' stata cruciale, in quanto ha permesso di testare l'elettronica di JUNO su di un vero setup multicanale, acquisendo esperienza chiave per poi la successiva installazione sul rivelatore finale.One of the many challenges neutrino physics is facing is the neutrino's mass hierarchy determination. The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a new generation Liquid Scintillator (LS) detector, determined on answering this question by detecting reactor electron anti-neutrinos generated from nuclear power plants at a medium baseline, around 50 km, featuring an unprecedent energy resolution of 3% @ 1 MeV, thanks to a 20 kton of LAB LS surrounded by about 18'000 20 inches Photo Multiplier Tubes (PMT), all immersed in a water pool about 700 m underground. The thesis introduces the physics of neutrinos flavor oscillation, as vacuum oscillations are exploited by JUNO to tackle the neutrinos mass hierarchy problem. Neutrino interactions with the JUNO detector are then explained, focusing on the inverse beta decay reaction for reactor anti-neutrino detection. The correlated background together with the different neutrino's sources for JUNO and its broad physics program are further described. Afterwards, the front-end electronics to achieve JUNO's demanding requirements are investigated. An energy resolution of 0.1 photoelectron and a 16 ns window timing synchronization are just some of the necessary specifications to reach the challenging target. Hence, the concept of the Global Control Unit (GCU) has been introduced: a custom and low power hardware platform, developed by INFN-Padova/University of Padova, with intelligence on board, able to perform several different tasks such as selective readout and transmission, placed very close to the PMTs to avoid any degradation of the signals caused by long cables. The intelligence is provided by a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), which is an integrated circuit, configurable after manufacturing. After a description of the board, its FPGA configuration (commonly called firmware) implementation and its characterization, the GCUs functionalities have been tested on a small JUNO mock-up LS detector featuring 48 PMTs, located at the INFN National Laboratories of Legnaro and designed by the Padova JUNO group. After a brief description of the apparatus, the results obtained using the JUNO readout electronics are shown. The realization of such detector has been crucial in order to test the electronics on a real LS detector and be prepared for its final deployment in JUNO
Sine terra
No full textSine terra raccoglie alcuni progetti e riflessioni che precedono e seguono il workshop omonimo del ciclo Wave che si è tenuto presso l'Università Iuav di Venezia a luglio 2014. Il workshop è stato condotto dai Prof.ri Sara Marini e Benno Albrecht e dai tutors Cristina Baggio, Giovanni Carli, Verdiana Chiesatto, Sara Dotto, Filippo Farronato, Chiara Paone.
Hanno partecipato al workshop gli studenti Roberta Ballico, Chiara Bassan, Tommaso Bisogno, Enrico Bivi, Valentina Braghetto, Herman Buzali, Mirco Cabbia, Federica Caregnato, Davide Castegnaro, Claudia Ceccarello, Fabiana Cortolezzis, Mauro Da Ros, Edoardo Del Conte, Luca Ruggiero D'Elia, Veronica Donà, Alessandro Dona, Giuseppe D'Orsi, Rexhina Fera, Roberto Ferro, Matilde Focchessato, Claudio Franceschetti, Veronica Gaiani, Gaia Carolina Garelli, Filippo Marchiori, Aljoša Marković, Anna Marsella, Claretta Mazzonetto, Laura Moglia, Arianna Mondin, Paolo Nadin, Clelia Nobili, Erica Nonis, Fabio Papandrea, Chiara Pegoraro, Matija Perić, Alberto Petracchin, Giacomo Pincerato, Maria Elena Poloni, Alvise Ritta, Riccardo Rizzetto, Francesca Rocchi, Mary Rosada, Nicola Ruaro, Marco Santoni, Anna Sedino, Michael Silvestri, Luca Soliman, Nicola Stecca, Andrea Stocco, Giulia Tocchet, Isabella Vivaldi, Davide Zaupa
Materia-autore = Author-Matter
No full textThe etymology of the word author refers to an act of creation, an act of augmentation, from the Latin verb augere. Author instantiates creation, the expansion of the pre-existing. In 1967 Roland Barthes declared the death of the author in his famous essay to state once more that the crisis is that of the author as a single subjectivity and as a term that condenses prestige, undermined by the de-subjectivation strategies of automatism, fortuity and fragmentation of the historical avant-gardes, as well as by the machinic act and by the reproducibility of the second avant-gardes.
Fifty years after Barthes’ paradigmatic formula, this lack of authorship appears to be a successful brand. The ten- sions between the anomie of matter, the law that establishes authorship and the economy that makes the work pos- sible, invoke discordant perspectives. Artists make the self-destruction of their work the real work, and appeal is made for the demolition of architectures, whether by a recognised author or not, in order to re-design, or better still, re-claim the territory. Artificial intelligence consolidates its logics and its design by progressively shedding human ingenuity. The space of criticism becomes, finally, increasingly ephemeral. However, there is an acceptation of criti- cism that is, rather than an individual ‘signature’, an exploration and explanation of how design makes theory.
The binomial author-matter seeks to mark these tensions and contradictions: the featured term author is main- tained to underline the persistence of that prestigious subjectivity, at the very moment when the rhetoric of “mat- ter as an author” promises other forms of authorship
Autogenous platelet-rich plasma in combination with bovine-derived hydroxyapatite xenograft for treatment of a cystic lesion of the jaw
No full textIn the last 5 years, many studies about autogenous platelet-rich plasma have been undertaken pointing out its regenerative and reparative properties on tissues. The features of this product are an attribute of platelet cells, which, after cellular interactions, release growth factors. These molecules promote tissue healing and also induce cellular regeneration. Bone is a dynamic tissue subject to balanced processes of bony formation and reabsorption; autologous platelet gel or concentrate (PRP) can be used alone or in association with bony graft for the treatment of bony defect, cystic lesions, alveolar bone defects, and periodontal pockets. Its application fields are oral and maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, and general surgery, and it can be applied particularly in patients with coagulation diseases. In our experience, a giant cystic lesion of the jaw was treated with PRP and granules of bovine-derived hydroxyapatite xenograft to enhance bony regeneration and promote tissue healing
Marini, Niccolò
No full textBiography of the Italian Protestant convert Niccolò Marini (aka Niccolò «di Eremo», aka Padre Arsenio eremite) who argued bitterly with the Italian Church in London in 1591 for his refusal to submit to Church discipline. In this entry the author hypothesizes that this restless Italian Protestant could possibly be identified with the Niccolò Marino who killed his Spanish wife Luisa de Herrera de Lugo out of jealousy in Genoa in late 1564 or early 156
Marini : Relation nouvelle et curieuse du royaume de Tunquin [nouvelle édition critique de Nguyễn Tấn Hưng]
No full text[ndlr] Dans le cadre de la réédition critique des récits des anciens voyageurs européens au Viêt Nam, Nguyen Tan Hung a entrepris de reprendre et d’annoter ceux des missionnaires jésuites qui se trouvaient parmi les premiers Supérieurs de l’Église du Tonkin : Alexandre de Rhodes (1627-1630), Giovanni Filippo de Marini (1647-1658) et Joseph Tissanier (1658-1663). Cette édition dûment annotée intéressera les lecteurs curieux de redécouvrir le Viêt Nam du XVIIème siècle. Nguyen Tan Hung a le pl..
Water–energy, land‐cover and heterogeneity drivers of the distribution of plant species richness in a mountain region of the European Alps
No full textAim To evaluate the relative importance of water-energy, land-cover, environmental heterogeneity and spatial variables on the regional distribution of Red-Listed and common vascular plant species richness. Location Trento Province (c. 6200 km(2)) on the southern border of the European Alps (Italy), subdivided regularly into 228 3' x 5' quadrants. Methods Data from a floristic inventory were separated into two subsets, representing Red-Listed and common (i.e. all except Red-Listed) plant species richness. Both subsets were separately related to water-energy, land-cover and environmental heterogeneity variables. We simultaneously applied ordinary least squares regression with variation partitioning and hierarchical partitioning, attempting to identify the most important factors controlling species richness. We combined the analysis of environmental variables with a trend surface analysis and a spatial autocorrelation analysis. Results At the regional scale, plant species richness of both Red-Listed and common species was primarily related to energy availability and land cover, whereas environmental heterogeneity had a lesser effect. The greatest number of species of both subsets was found in quadrants with the largest energy availability and the greatest degree of urbanization. These findings suggest that the elevation range within our study region imposes an energy-driven control on the distribution of species richness, which resembles that of the broader latitude gradient. Overall, the two species subsets had similar trends concerning the relative importance of water-energy, land cover and environmental heterogeneity, showing a few differences regarding the selection of some predictors of secondary importance. The incorporation of spatial variables did not improve the explanatory power of the environmental models and the high original spatial autocorrelation in the response variables was reduced drastically by including the selected environmental variables. Main conclusions Water-energy and land cover showed significant pure effects in explaining plant species richness, indicating that climate and land cover should both be included as explanatory variables in modelling species richness in human-affected landscapes. However, the high degree of shared variation between the two groups made the relative effects difficult to separate. The relatively low range of variation in the environmental heterogeneity variables within our sampling domain might have caused the low importance of this complex factor
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