91 research outputs found
Infrared ship signature analysis and optimisation
No full textThe last decade has seen an increase in the awareness of the infrared signature of naval ships. New ship designs show that infrared signature reduction measures are being incorporated, such as exhaust gas cooling systems, relocation of the exhausts and surface cooling systems. Hull and superstructure are cooled with dedicated spray systems, in addition to special paint systems that are being developed for optimum stealth. This paper presents a method to develop requirements for the emissivity of a ship's coating that reduces the contrast of the ship against its background in the wavelength band or bands of threat sensors. As this contrast strongly depends on the atmospheric environment, these requirements must follow from a detailed analysis of the infrared signature of the ship in its expected areas of operation. Weather statistics for a large number of areas have been collected to produce a series of 'standard environments'. These environments have been used to demonstrate the method of specifying coating emissivity requirements. Results are presented to show that the optimised coatings reduce the temperature contrast. The use of the standard environments yields a complete, yet concise, description of the signature of the ship over its areas of operation. The signature results illustrate the strong dependence of the infrared signature on the atmospheric environment and can be used to identify those conditions where signature reduction is most effective in reducing the ship's susceptibility to detection by IR sensors
Upper mantle structure from body-wave coda and amplitudes
No full textThe last decade has seen a large increase in the amount of high-quality data from a growing
number of digitally operating seismic stations. Both short- and long-period data are
reported on a regular basis to central data centres. As global seismology is hampered by the
unequal distribution of stations and earthquakes, extracting as much as possible information
from the available data is important. However, only a relatively small part of the growing
data volume is used on a more or less routine basis. New sources of information from the
seismogram may add independent constraints on and provide a higher resolution of Earth
structure.
The most widely used parts of the seismogram are the P-wave travel time and the longperiod
surface wave train. The travel time of the (mostly short-period) P-wave is used on a
large scale to invert for Earth structure (Spakman 1991; Vandecar 1991; Van der Hilst &
Engdahl 1991), Recently, also the S-wave travel time is used in tomographic inversions
(e.g., Zielhuis 1988). On the low-frequency end of the spectrum, long-period surface wave
forms are inverted for mantle velocity structure (e.g., Woodhouse & Dziewonski 1984;
Snieder 1988). Recent studies include the long-period S-waves in the wave form modeling
using modal summation (Nolet 1990: Zielhuis 1992). The results of Li & Tanimoto (1991)
show that it is still prohibitively time-eonsuming to include also the long-period P-wave in
this process.
This leaves large parts of the seismogram unused in inversion procedures. Before these
can be included in any inversion process, their information content and relation to Earth
structure must be established (e.g.• wave propagation in a laterally homogeneous or heterogeneous
Earth model). The main goal of the research presented in this thesis is to determine
the information content of parts of the seismogram that are not frequently used and, if
possible, to develop methods to extract this information
Glocalizing genre fiction in the global South
No full textThis study offers a comprehensive overview of post-millennial Indian (English) and Latin American crime fiction. Drawing on genre theory and the field of literature & globalization, Neele Meyer examines the history of crime fiction and traces similar developments in the book markets in these largely disconnected regions.
In an analysis of the characteristics of the genre, the author studies the works of 17 writers from India, Argentina and Chile focusing on aspects like detective figures (particularly women detectives or journalists), the plot structure, intertextuality, settings or the impact of media and technology. The analysis shows that authors consciously choose the globally circulating genre and modify it as “social commentaries” to accommodate economic or social transformations. Neele Meyer challenges the idea that the global presence of the genre leads to homogenization and argues that global circulation of crime fiction in the Global South is a ‘glocal’ phenomenon that reflects the heterogeneous outcomes of processes of globalization
Encyclopaedia heraldica, or, Complete dictionary of heraldry /
No full textEngraved t.-p.s, with vignettes.v.1. Complete dictionary of heraldry. Glover's Ordinary of arms, augm. and improved, with indexes, &c. Mottos of the nobility &c. Appendix, containing baronets of Scotland and Ireland... Supplement to Dictionary of heraldry, and addenda -- v.2. Dictionary of arms of the principal private families in England, Scotland, and Ireland -- v.3. Explanatory plates to the Dictionary of heraldry, orders of knighthood and the arms of subscribersMode of access: Internet.Plates engraved by James Joshua Neele, Josiah Neele, John Walker, James Mutlow, and Oliver; after James Joshua Neele, Josiah Neele, and James Mutlow.BAC : British Art Center copy is bound in 2 vols., in original boards
Ship transport of CO2 – breaking the CO2-EOR deadlock
No full textAbstractThe North Sea contains the larger part of the storage capacity in North West Europe. Countries around the North Sea currently focus their attention on developing that capacity for the CCS demonstration projects. It is generally assumed that a second wave of CCS projects will further develop storage in the North Sea. However, a major hurdle is the development of long-distance pipelines. A requirement for the construction of a ‘backbone’ pipeline is the availability of a sufficient volume of CO2, with a firm commitment on the duration of supply of CO2. Especially for EOR purposes a CO2 pipeline is not attractive, due to continuously decreasing demand for CO2 after an initial peak.Transport by ship can provide a solution, because of its inherent flexibility in combining CO2 from several sources, each too small to warrant a pipeline, to one or more storage locations. This paper describes the case for ship transport of CO2 to North Sea oil fields, especially in the early phases of the development of CCS in Europe, providing the cross-benefit that will increase the lifetime of oil fields and, at the same time, provide the required commercial case for CO2 capture and transport. This will help develop CCS industry, which will help EU Member States to meet their CO2 emission reduction targets
Options for CO2 sequestration in Kuwait
No full textIn preparation for future requirements to abate CO2 emission levels, a CO2 storage feasibility study was carried out for the country of Kuwait. At present, no definite plans exist to install capture facilities at the larger emission points in the country; the study presented is one of the first steps to prepare the country for a low-carbon future. The first step was to investigate formations for potential CO2 storage capacity in a country-wide screening. Two regions within Kuwait were shortlisted for subsequent evaluation; one site was selected for detailed characterization and assessment. The main result of the study was that the Kra Al-Maru Trend is likely to be a first-class CO2 storage site. Pending verification of the findings we conclude that the Kra Al-Maru Trend provides the storage capacity of at least 440 Mt, which is equivalent to the CO2 produced in a period of 40 years by the Doha East and Doha West power plants combined. The subsurface of the Kra Al-Maru Trend can store this CO2 at the rate that is currently emitted to the atmosphere by the two power plants. No showstoppers were discovered to safe and secure storage of CO2. Storing CO2 in the subsurface of the Kra Al-Maru Trend offers the possibility of future back-production of the CO2 stored. Verification of these conclusions is required, through a dedicated appraisal well that targets the Cretaceous interval at depths between about 2000 m and 3000 m (6000 - 9000 ft)
Infrared ship signature prediction, model validation and sky radiance
No full textThe increased interest during the last decade in the infrared signature of (new) ships results in a clear need of validated infrared signature prediction codes. This paper presents the results of comparing an in-house developed signature prediction code with measurements made in the 3-5 μm band in both clear-sky and overcast conditions. During the measurements, sensors measured the short-wave and long-wave irradiation from sun and sky, which forms a significant part of the heat flux exchange between ship and environment, but is linked weakly to the standard meteorological data measured routinely (e.g., air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, pressure, cloud cover). The aim of the signature model validation is checking the heat flux balance algorithm in the model and the representation of the target. Any uncertainties in the prediction of the radiative properties of the environment (which are usually computed with a code like MODTRAN) must be minimised. It is shown that for the validation of signature prediction models the standard meteorological data are insufficient for the computation of sky radiance and solar irradiation with atmospheric radiation models (MODTRAN). Comparisons between model predictions and data are shown for predictions computed with and without global irradiation data. The results underline the necessity of measuring the irradiation (from sun, sky, sea or land environment) on the target during a signature measurement trial. Only then does the trial produce the data needed as a reference for the computation of the infrared signature of the ship in conditions other than those during the trial
Chile 1816
No full textRelief shown by hachures. Includes inset map. "Pinkerton's modern atlas" -- across the top margin.This hand-colored map of 1816 shows most of Chile, from its northern border to approximately 44° South. Relief is shown by hachures. An inset map depicts Isola de Tierra, the easternmost of the Juan Fernández Islands, the archipelago in the Pacific Ocean that appears at the far western edge of the map. The map has two distance scales, Spanish geographical miles and British statute miles. Yellow is used to highlight the borders of the Viceroyalty of La Plata, an administrative unit of the Spanish Empire established in 1776 out of territories previously part of the Viceroyalty of Peru (comprising all or parts of present-day Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia). The map was included in Pinkerton’s Modern Atlas, which was published in London between 1808 and 1815 and in a special American edition in 1818. John Pinkerton (1758-1826) was a Scottish scholar and author who wrote books on Scottish history and poetry, numismatics, and other topics. In 1808–14 he published the 17-volume A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in All Parts of the World. A six-volume edition of Pinkerton’s compilation was issued in Philadelphia in 1810–12. The map was engraved by Samuel John Neele (1758–1824), who was from an important family of British engravers who worked from offices on the Strand in London. WDLColor1:3,000,00
MiReCOL: Developing Corrective Measures for CO2 Storage
No full textAbstractCO2 capture, transport and storage (CCS) has the potential to significantly reduce the carbon emission that follows from the use of fossil fuels in power production and industry. Integrated demo-scale projects are currently being developed to demonstrate the feasibility of CCS and the first such projects are expected to start operating in Europe under the Storage Directive in the period 2015 – 2020. As part of the license application, these projects must develop a corrective measures plan, which describes the measures that can be taken when the CO2 in the subsurface behaves in an unexpected way. The MiReCOL project supports the development of corrective measures plans and helps building confidence in the safety of deep subsurface CO2 storage by providing a toolbox of techniques to mitigate and/or remediate undesired migration of CO2. MiReCOL aims to support the dialogue between CCS project operators and regulators by providing a clear description of the scope and feasibility of corrective measures
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