1,720,975 research outputs found
Berthold Delbrück and the syntax of cases. An analysis of the case ending -φι in Homer
No full textIn this article, we investigate Delbrück’s analysis of the cases by discussing the case ending -φι in Homer. He himself treated the issue on three occasions and stated that this case form remained insufficiently and unsatisfactorily explained. Initially, he argued that the original meaning was the instrumental-comitative one, expanded with locative and ablative functions and the original number was the plural. Later, however, he assumed that the ending could also be used for the genitive and the dative. As Mycenaean had not been discovered at his time and he could therefore not have included it, we focus in our analysis solely on -φι in Homer and only refer to Mycenaean sparingly. First, we provide an overview of the scholarship on Homer, distinguishing between the scholars writing before the decipherment (including Delbrück) and the ones after it. In a second step, we determine our corpus by discussing some passages with uncertain transmission (αὐτόφι versus αὐτόθι and Ἰλιόφι κλυτὰ τείχεα). We then provide the figures and proceed to the actual analysis. We start with number, animacy and concreteness, then discuss the case usages – locative, instrumental, object marking – and the use of the forms with prepositions. After that, we take a closer look at the distribution of the forms and their co-occurrence with genitive and dative forms in the same sentence and the same syntagma. At the end of the article, we analyse the instances for which more than one interpretation is possible. Our analysis shows that the suffix is numerus-indifferent and that instances with an unambiguous plural are relatively uncommon, that the suffix appears almost exclusively with inanimate entities, is used predominantly with concrete elements, has often instrumental and locative meaning, but can also be used as an ablative and is very common with prepositions (more than half of the instances). Our findings differ from what Delbrück himself noted in two respects, namely the lack of animacy and the lack of plural meaning, and from the data in Mycenaean in three respects, namely the mostly singular meaning of the suffix (in Mycenaean, the suffix is almost exclusively used in the plural), its common use with prepositions and with the ablative and locative-directive functions (these two uses are very rare in Mycenaean). They also make the interpretation of the ending as a simple oblique case marker or a simple poetic tool less likely and shed new light on the original function and the origin of the ending and its use in Proto-Indo-European (PIE) and other Indo-European languages, but that discussion cannot be performed in the current article
Delbrück’s heritage in syntactic reconstruction and history of linguistics Paola Cotticelli-Kurras. .
No full textMy contribution focuses on historiographical aspects of Delbrück’s heritage concerning the development of theories on syntax and on syntactic change.1 To this end, it is worth starting from the last point in the title, since the scope of Delbrück’s work can be better defined by highlighting his discussion on the heritage of syntactic ideas from his predecessors, which was able to make him the so-called founder of comparative syntax. In the following paragraphs, I shall illustrate the contribution of the histor(iograph)y of linguistics to syntactic studies to highlight the role of Delbrück’s teaching in the syntactic works of the 21st century (§2). An overview on Delbrück’s publications is hoped to be useful in defining the extent of the areas of his works (§2.1). Furthermore, my paper illustrates the use of a double perspective within historiographical studies, the so-called ‘internal’ and ‘external’ view with regard to the history of linguistics. (§2.2). A first purpose is to illustrate the continuity and novelty in Delbrück’s theoretical paradigms (§2.3). A second part will give an insight into Delbrück’s works by sketching a picture of his internal development (§3). One important topic is the dimension of language reconstruction in his works (§4), connected to its heritage in terms of key concepts, method, and syntactic theory (§5). Some concluding remarks close my article (§6)
The Difference Between the Optative and the “Modal” Indicative in Homeric Greek: Four Case Studies – Part 2: The Indicative and the εἰ Μή-Clauses
Full text linkIn epic Greek both the optative and the indicative (the so-called “modal indicative”) can be used in contexts where the degree of realization is uncertain or even impossible, while in Attic Greek only the indicative is used. In these two articles I discuss whether there is a difference between the optative and the modal indicative in these contexts and/or if it can be determined which was the original mood. As there are about 1500 optatives and 250 modal indicatives in Homer, it is not possible to discuss them all and, therefore, I focus on the passages in which aorist forms of γιγνώσκω, βάλλω and of ἴδον appear, and those conditional constructions in the Odyssey in which the postposed conditional clause is introduced by εἰ μή with either a “modal” indicative or optative. The corpus comprises 100 forms (80 optatives and 20 indicatives), but in each example I also address the other modal indicatives and optatives in the passages, which adds another 50 forms to the corpus. In this part (part 2) I address the modal indicatives, and discuss the postposed conditional clauses introduced by εἰ μή in the Odyssey, both in the indicative and the optative. Subsequently I analyze several instances in which the interpretation depends on the viewpoint of the hearer and the speakers, as what is possible for a speaker might be impossible for the hearer and vice versa. When comparing the data relating to the optative and the indicative, and especially that of the postposed conditional clauses introduced by εἰ μή, it can be noted that the indicative has more frequently an exclusively past reference and that it is more often genuinely unreal than 302 FILIP DE DECKER the optative, which often combines the notion of the possible, remotely possible and unreal. In my opinion this clearly indicates that the indicative eventually prevailed and replaced the optative because of the past reference
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Berthold Delbrück, Historical and Comparative Indo-European Syntax 1922–2022
No full textContents Introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Delbrück’s heritage in syntactic reconstruction and history of linguistics Paola Cotticelli-Kurras. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Verbal aspect in Anatolian. The function of the Luwian suffix -s(s)a-, with remarks on the suffix -zza- and verbal reduplication Valerio Pisaniello.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 New thoughts on Delbrück’s Hülfsverben in Vedic Beatrice Grieco.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Wackernagel enclitics in all the wrong places. A study of naḥ in the family books of the Rigveda Götz Keydana.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Syntactical stylistics of Old Indic and Iranian poetical texts. A brief historical outline of the subject and two case-studies Velizar Sadovski.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 On Predicative Possessive Constructions in Avestan Harald Bichlmeier/Maria Carmela Benvenuto. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Berthold Delbrück and Homeric Verbal Morphosyntax Filip De Decker.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Berthold Delbrück and the syntax of cases. An analysis of the case ending -φι in Homer. Filip De Decker/Anna Dentella. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Mycenaean Syntax. Between Indo-European and first millennium Greek: The cases José Luis García Ramón .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Universal Homeric Dependencies. Annotating Double Accusative Constructions in Homeric Greek and beyond Erica Biagetti/Francesco Mambrini/Chiara Zanchi.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Notes on the morphosyntax of subjecthood in Latin. A comparative-historical approach Eystein Dahl.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Berthold Delbrück. The making of linguistic thought, the comparative syntax, the enigma of Celtic Diego Poli.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 The Syntax of Negation in Tocharian Olav Hackstein.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 6 Contents Complex predicates and light verb constructions in Classical Armenian Daniel Kölligan.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 Reconstructing Old Prussian Syntax Daniel Petit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371 Albanian Brian D. Joseph.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 Verb movement in Albanian and syntactic change (from Delbrück to Balkan linguistics) Đorđe Božović. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 Redehintergründe in Modalitätskontexten altindogermanischer Sprachen Rosemarie Lühr.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 The historical development of the phrase Carlotta Viti.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441 Contributors and their affiliations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461 Introduction 2022 marked the centenary of Berthold Delbrück’s death. The great Indo-Europeanist is considered the father of historical and comparative Indo-European syntax. In his honour a colloquium was held in Verona from November 9th until 12th 2022 as part of the Project Particles in Greek and Hittite as Expression of Mood and Modality (PaGHeMMo), which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement Number 101018097. As that project focused particularly on moods, modality and particles, three elements profoundly studied by Berthold Delbrück (as can be especially seen in his 1871 Syntaktische Forschungen I. Der Gebrauch des Conjunctivs und Optativs im Sanskrit und Griechischen, but also in later publications of the Grundbedeutungen of the Indo-European moods), the conveners considered it highly appropriate to organise the honorary conference as the main outreach event of that European project. An alternative scenario was to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the Syntaktische Forschungen I in 2021 but that idea was quickly abandoned because of the start date of the project in May 2021 and because of the ongoing restrictive measures and health emergency caused by the corona-pandemic. This conference was not the first celebratory event for the founding father of historical Indo-European syntax. Already in 1993 a conference was organised to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the publication of the first volume of the Vergleichende Syntax der indogermanischen Sprachen. As this coincided with the celebration of Holger Pedersen, the acts of that conference were only published in 1997 (edited by Emilio Crespo and José-Luís García-Ramón and published with the same editing company as the current volume). As was the case in 1993, keynote speakers for all language families and for the mother tongue, Proto-Indo-European (PIE), were invited to discuss the current research of the syntax of the specific language and compare this with Delbrück’s findings at the time. This approach was also applied to languages that had not yet been discovered, deciphered or had not been sufficiently investigated. Besides the invited speakers, also many other researchers presented their work on historical syntax on one or more Indo-European languages. Although it was not intended this way, the conference turned out to be a mirror of Delbrück’s own (initial) language interests with a predominance of presentations on Greek and Sanskrit, with the other language (familie) s such as Iranian, Latin, Germanic, Celtic and Balto-Slavic being much less represented
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
