1,721,097 research outputs found
Section Overview: Governance and Management for Social Policy in Latin America
No full textThis chapter presents the Latin American section and provides an overview of its main findings. It discusses the governance and management for social policy in a region with high levels of inequality, informal employment, low fiscal efforts, and major weaknesses in terms of social risks and state capacity. Besides these similarities, wide variations also exist in social policy regimes across countries in terms of governance, administrative arrangements, levels of decentralization, and mixes of public services and private services. Innovations in social policy over the 21st century have produced a range of mixed systems that are not always consistent, distributionally sound, or sustainable.Fil: Filgueira, Fernando. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Arza, Camila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Blofield, Merike. Universitat Hamburg; Alemani
The Slow and Reluctant Development of Social Citizenship in Latin America
No full textThis chapter puts the region’s social protection policy models into historical, political, and social context. It distinguishes four major stages in Latin American welfare state models, clearly associated with four stages in Latin American state building: the minimalist “welfare” state of the primary export period; the contribution-based welfare state under the import substitution model; the turn to the reluctant welfare state and the introduction of the market into social affairs that characterized the Washington Consensus era; and finally, the expansionary stage of post-Washington Consensus until the mid-2010s. In the initial stages, the state role was minimal, focusing on primary education and boosting urban sanitation infrastructure. In the import substitution period, there was a strong push for modern social protection, tied firmly to the protection for formal workers. However, informal labor markets and incomplete protection of a variety of risks produced a stratified model of social security with incomplete coverage. The liberal turn led to a focus on extreme poverty along with an increased reliance on market mechanisms in healthcare, education, and pensions. As the 20th century came to an end, pressures for more inclusive social policies promoted the expansion of coverage and benefits. The return and resilience of democracy, an export-oriented external stance, and the substantial economic growth of the first two decades of the 21st century were all factors that contributed to this new and still unstable social citizenship contract.Fil: Filgueira, Fernando. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Arza, Camila. Centro Interdisciplinario para el Estudio de Políticas Públicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Blofield, Merike. Universitat Hamburg; Alemani
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
