1,720,959 research outputs found
Obesity among preschool children
No full text»Quod me nutrit, me destruit«, »što me hrani, ubija me.«, napisao je Cristopher Marlowe. Svaka bi osoba trebala ljubomorno čuvati svoje zdravlje, jer je ono neprocjenjive vrijednosti koja se lako nepovratno gubi. Pretilost se definira kao bolest u kojoj se višak masnoga tkiva nakuplja u tolikoj mjeri da ugrožava zdravlje. Na pojavu bolesti utječu metabolički, genetski te čimbenici okoline. Svake godine, broj pretile djece je u porastu. Najčešće pretila djeca postaju pretili odrasli te je veći rizik za razvoj kronično nezaraznih bolesti (KNB). U društvu vrlo često nisu prihvaćena, imaju lobiji školski uspjeh te sniženo samopouzdanje. Podaci iz 2019. godine pokazuju da je tada u Hrvatskoj svako tre e dijete živjelo s prekomjernom tjelesnom masom (33% djevojčica, 37% dječaka), U 2022. procjenjuje se da je 37 milijuna djece mlađe od 5 godina imalo prekomjernu težinu. Jedan od najčešćih uzroka razvoja bolesti je sjedilački način života. Osnovni načini dijagnosticiranja pretilosti su: izražen indeksa tjelesne mase, određivanje udjela masnog tkiva, mjerenje obujma struka kao i definiranje čimbenika rizika i stanja vezanih uz pretilost. Prehrana djeca trebala bi biti redovita, bez preskakanja obroka te bi obroci morali biti raznoliki. Prvi jutarnji obrok je najvažniji te bi trebao biti sat-dva nakon buđenja, a veoma je važan u kontroli tjelesne težine.
Prema Konvenciji o pravima djeteta, svako dijete ima pravo uživati najvišu mogu u razinu zdravlja, što uključuje i pravo na odgovaraju u hranu visoke hranjive vrijednosti. U dječjoj dobi potreban je unos različitih vrsta namirnica. Tu veliku ulogu imaju roditelji. Oni uvelike određuju koja će hrana biti djetetu dostupna, imaju kontrolu nad trajanjem i veličinom obroka, određuju socijalni kontekst i emocionalni ton za vrijeme obroka te su zbog toga ključne osobe u intervencijama kontrole tjelesne težine djece.
Tjelesne aktivnosti u dječjoj dobi utječu na zdravstveno stanje u odrasloj dobi. Smanjuju stres, depresiju i anksioznost. Dječji vrtići trebali bi, prema odgojno-obrazovnim programima, provoditi tjelesne aktivnosti svakodnevno u svim dobnim skupinama. Način vježbanja i intenzitet prilagođava se odvisno o dobi djeteta. Svjetski dan debljine obilježava se 4. ožujka.»Quod me nutrit, me destruit«, 4 "What nourishes me, destroys me," wrote Christopher Marlowe. Every person should carefully guard their health, as it is of priceless value and can be easily and irretrievably lost. Obesity is defined as a disease in which excess fat tissue accumulates to such an extent that it threatens health. The development of this condition is influenced by metabolic, genetic, and environmental factors. Every year, the number of obese children is increasing. Obese children often grow into obese adults, with a higher risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In society, they are often not accepted, have poorer school performance, and lower self-esteem. Data from 2019 show that, at that time, one in three children in Croatia lived with excess body weight (33% of girls, 37% of boys). In 2022, it was estimated that 37 million children under the age of 5 had excess weight. One of the most common causes of developing obesity is a sedentary lifestyle. The primary methods for diagnosing obesity are: calculating the body mass index, determining the percentage of body fat, measuring waist circumference, and identifying risk factors and conditions related to obesity. Children9s nutrition should be regular, without skipping meals, and meals must be varied. The first morning meal is the most important and should occur one to two hours after waking up; it is crucial for weight control.
According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, every child has the right to enjoy the highest possible standard of health, which includes the right to adequate, nutritious food. During childhood, it is important to consume a variety of food types. Parents play a significant role in this regard. They largely determine what food will be available to the child, control the duration and size of meals, set the social context and emotional tone during meals, and are therefore key in interventions aimed at controlling children9s weight.
Physical activity in childhood affects health in adulthood. It reduces stress, depression, and anxiety. Preschools should, according to educational programs, implement physical activities daily across all age groups. The type of exercise and intensity should be adjusted according to the child9s age. World Obesity Day is observed on March 4th
Obesity among preschool children
No full text»Quod me nutrit, me destruit«, »što me hrani, ubija me.«, napisao je Cristopher Marlowe. Svaka bi osoba trebala ljubomorno čuvati svoje zdravlje, jer je ono neprocjenjive vrijednosti koja se lako nepovratno gubi. Pretilost se definira kao bolest u kojoj se višak masnoga tkiva nakuplja u tolikoj mjeri da ugrožava zdravlje. Na pojavu bolesti utječu metabolički, genetski te čimbenici okoline. Svake godine, broj pretile djece je u porastu. Najčešće pretila djeca postaju pretili odrasli te je veći rizik za razvoj kronično nezaraznih bolesti (KNB). U društvu vrlo često nisu prihvaćena, imaju lobiji školski uspjeh te sniženo samopouzdanje. Podaci iz 2019. godine pokazuju da je tada u Hrvatskoj svako tre e dijete živjelo s prekomjernom tjelesnom masom (33% djevojčica, 37% dječaka), U 2022. procjenjuje se da je 37 milijuna djece mlađe od 5 godina imalo prekomjernu težinu. Jedan od najčešćih uzroka razvoja bolesti je sjedilački način života. Osnovni načini dijagnosticiranja pretilosti su: izražen indeksa tjelesne mase, određivanje udjela masnog tkiva, mjerenje obujma struka kao i definiranje čimbenika rizika i stanja vezanih uz pretilost. Prehrana djeca trebala bi biti redovita, bez preskakanja obroka te bi obroci morali biti raznoliki. Prvi jutarnji obrok je najvažniji te bi trebao biti sat-dva nakon buđenja, a veoma je važan u kontroli tjelesne težine.
Prema Konvenciji o pravima djeteta, svako dijete ima pravo uživati najvišu mogu u razinu zdravlja, što uključuje i pravo na odgovaraju u hranu visoke hranjive vrijednosti. U dječjoj dobi potreban je unos različitih vrsta namirnica. Tu veliku ulogu imaju roditelji. Oni uvelike određuju koja će hrana biti djetetu dostupna, imaju kontrolu nad trajanjem i veličinom obroka, određuju socijalni kontekst i emocionalni ton za vrijeme obroka te su zbog toga ključne osobe u intervencijama kontrole tjelesne težine djece.
Tjelesne aktivnosti u dječjoj dobi utječu na zdravstveno stanje u odrasloj dobi. Smanjuju stres, depresiju i anksioznost. Dječji vrtići trebali bi, prema odgojno-obrazovnim programima, provoditi tjelesne aktivnosti svakodnevno u svim dobnim skupinama. Način vježbanja i intenzitet prilagođava se odvisno o dobi djeteta. Svjetski dan debljine obilježava se 4. ožujka.»Quod me nutrit, me destruit«, 4 "What nourishes me, destroys me," wrote Christopher Marlowe. Every person should carefully guard their health, as it is of priceless value and can be easily and irretrievably lost. Obesity is defined as a disease in which excess fat tissue accumulates to such an extent that it threatens health. The development of this condition is influenced by metabolic, genetic, and environmental factors. Every year, the number of obese children is increasing. Obese children often grow into obese adults, with a higher risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In society, they are often not accepted, have poorer school performance, and lower self-esteem. Data from 2019 show that, at that time, one in three children in Croatia lived with excess body weight (33% of girls, 37% of boys). In 2022, it was estimated that 37 million children under the age of 5 had excess weight. One of the most common causes of developing obesity is a sedentary lifestyle. The primary methods for diagnosing obesity are: calculating the body mass index, determining the percentage of body fat, measuring waist circumference, and identifying risk factors and conditions related to obesity. Children9s nutrition should be regular, without skipping meals, and meals must be varied. The first morning meal is the most important and should occur one to two hours after waking up; it is crucial for weight control.
According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, every child has the right to enjoy the highest possible standard of health, which includes the right to adequate, nutritious food. During childhood, it is important to consume a variety of food types. Parents play a significant role in this regard. They largely determine what food will be available to the child, control the duration and size of meals, set the social context and emotional tone during meals, and are therefore key in interventions aimed at controlling children9s weight.
Physical activity in childhood affects health in adulthood. It reduces stress, depression, and anxiety. Preschools should, according to educational programs, implement physical activities daily across all age groups. The type of exercise and intensity should be adjusted according to the child9s age. World Obesity Day is observed on March 4th
Autism
No full textPojam autizam potječe iz grčkog jezika i znači „biti jako usmjeren na sebe“. To je socijalno-relacijski poremećaj koji je prvi opisao Leo Kanner 1943. godine. Otkriva se u ranom djetinjstvu između 18 mjeseci i 3 godine starosti. To je cjeloživotno stanje pri kojem pojedinac ima smetnje u razumijevanju što osjeća, čuje ili vidi te mu to stvara smetnje u ponašanju, komunikaciji i društvenim odnosima. Nemaju u sebi osjećaj za prostor te se često čine nespretnima, a imaju i loš mišićni tonus što utječe na njihove čudne pokrete tijekom kretanja. Udaljeni su od vlastitih osjetila i mogu koristiti samo jedno osjetilo odjednom. Prema podacima iz 2021. godine, učestalost autizma je 1:88, a smatra se da u Europi preko 5 milijuna osoba ima pervazivne razvojne poremećaje, tj. poremećaje iz spektra autizma. Prevalencija je veća kod dječaka u odnosu na djevojčice (5:1). Uzrok poremećaja iz spektra autizma nije poznat i to je stanje s kojim se pojedinac rađa. Važno je razlikovati da to nije bolest nego poremećaj. Uz ranu intervenciju, pravilnu dijagnostiku stručnog tima i rehabilitaciju, kvaliteta života osoba s poremećajem iz spektra autizma može daleko napredovati. Dan podizanja svjesnosti o autizmu obilježava se 2. travnja.Term autism comes from Greek language and it means „to be self-centered“. It's a social-relation disorder first described by Leo Kanner in 1943. Disorder is revealed betwwen 18 month and 3 years old. It is a lifelong condition in which individual has problems in understanding what he feels, hears or sees and that makes disturbances in his behavior, communication and social relations. They don't have a sense for space so they often seem clumsy, their muscule tone is bad which affects on their strange moves. Distaned from their own senses can use one sense at a time. According the data from 2021, incidende od autism is 1:88, and it is considered that in Europe more than 5 million people have pervasive developmental disorders, viz autism spectum disorder. Prevalence is higher in the male population than female (5:1). Cause of disorder for autism spectrum is not known and that is condition with which is individual born with. It is important to distinguish that autism is not a disease but a disorder. With an early intervention, correct diagnostic of a professional team and rehabilitation quality of life can make a great progress. Autism Awarness day is celebrated on April 2
Postupci zbrinjavanja bolesnika s politraumom
No full textPojam politrauma odnosi se na zbrinjavanje bolesnika koji istovremeno ima ozljede dviju
anatomskih regija, a jedna od njih ugrožava život. Politrauma sa sobom nosi niz znakova i
simptoma koje ugrožavaju život unesrećene osobe te s time predstavlja veliki izazov u
zbrinjavanju. Predstavlja kompleksan proces i potrebno je djelovati brzo, efikasno i timski.
Ozljede su šesti vodeći razlog smrtnosti u Hrvatskoj, a najčešće su to prometne nesreće. Slijede
ih padovi i samoubojstva. Mehanizam traume predstavlja odgovor organizma na stres potaknut
šokom, traumatskom destrukcijom tkiva i fizičkom i psihičkom percepcijom boli. Zbrinjavanje
bolesnika počinje na mjestu nesreće, a odvija se cijelo vrijeme tijekom transporta i po dolasku
u odgovarajuću ustanovu. Brza, kvalitetna komunikacija i efektivnost neki su od ključnih
čimbenika pri radu sa životno ugroženim bolesnikom. Pri pristupanju unesrećenom, potrebno
je procijeniti je li okolina sigurna, primarno sigurna za sve članove tima i bolesnika. Pristupu i
zbrinjavanju unesrećene osobe pomažu algoritmi zbrinjavanja koji omogućuju spremnije i brže
rezultate liječenja, a smanjuju mogućnost pogrešaka. Uz algoritme, veliku pomoć pružaju
ljestvice za procjenu težine ozljede. Dijele se na anatomske, fiziološke i kombinirane. Rezultati
se izražavaju brojkama, pomažu pri objektivnijoj procjeni i pomažu pri odluci kod trijaže.
Najpoznatija je Abbreviated Injury Ljestvica koja je prikazana bodovima od 1 do 6. Prema toj
ljestvici, dobije se izračun Injury Severity Score ljestvice koja višestruke ozljede svrstava u šest
regija. Bolesniku se pristupa prema ABCDE pristupu kako bi se procijenila hitnost i prisutnost
životno ugrožavajućih ozljeda. Medicinska sestra mora imati širok opus znanja te poznavati
algoritme zbrinjavanja bolesnika kako bi se prilikom dolaska na mjesto nesreće, čim prije
zbrinula ozlijeđena osoba. Na mjestu nesreće, bolesnik ne bi smio biti duže od 10 minuta. To
zbrinjavanje naziva se „Platinastih 10 minuta“. Sve se to događa u okviru „Zlatnog sata“, to jest
u 60 minuta u kojih bi životno ugrožena osoba trebala biti transportirana do bolnice
Autism
No full textPojam autizam potječe iz grčkog jezika i znači „biti jako usmjeren na sebe“. To je socijalno-relacijski poremećaj koji je prvi opisao Leo Kanner 1943. godine. Otkriva se u ranom djetinjstvu između 18 mjeseci i 3 godine starosti. To je cjeloživotno stanje pri kojem pojedinac ima smetnje u razumijevanju što osjeća, čuje ili vidi te mu to stvara smetnje u ponašanju, komunikaciji i društvenim odnosima. Nemaju u sebi osjećaj za prostor te se često čine nespretnima, a imaju i loš mišićni tonus što utječe na njihove čudne pokrete tijekom kretanja. Udaljeni su od vlastitih osjetila i mogu koristiti samo jedno osjetilo odjednom. Prema podacima iz 2021. godine, učestalost autizma je 1:88, a smatra se da u Europi preko 5 milijuna osoba ima pervazivne razvojne poremećaje, tj. poremećaje iz spektra autizma. Prevalencija je veća kod dječaka u odnosu na djevojčice (5:1). Uzrok poremećaja iz spektra autizma nije poznat i to je stanje s kojim se pojedinac rađa. Važno je razlikovati da to nije bolest nego poremećaj. Uz ranu intervenciju, pravilnu dijagnostiku stručnog tima i rehabilitaciju, kvaliteta života osoba s poremećajem iz spektra autizma može daleko napredovati. Dan podizanja svjesnosti o autizmu obilježava se 2. travnja.Term autism comes from Greek language and it means „to be self-centered“. It's a social-relation disorder first described by Leo Kanner in 1943. Disorder is revealed betwwen 18 month and 3 years old. It is a lifelong condition in which individual has problems in understanding what he feels, hears or sees and that makes disturbances in his behavior, communication and social relations. They don't have a sense for space so they often seem clumsy, their muscule tone is bad which affects on their strange moves. Distaned from their own senses can use one sense at a time. According the data from 2021, incidende od autism is 1:88, and it is considered that in Europe more than 5 million people have pervasive developmental disorders, viz autism spectum disorder. Prevalence is higher in the male population than female (5:1). Cause of disorder for autism spectrum is not known and that is condition with which is individual born with. It is important to distinguish that autism is not a disease but a disorder. With an early intervention, correct diagnostic of a professional team and rehabilitation quality of life can make a great progress. Autism Awarness day is celebrated on April 2
Autism
No full textPojam autizam potječe iz grčkog jezika i znači „biti jako usmjeren na sebe“. To je socijalno-relacijski poremećaj koji je prvi opisao Leo Kanner 1943. godine. Otkriva se u ranom djetinjstvu između 18 mjeseci i 3 godine starosti. To je cjeloživotno stanje pri kojem pojedinac ima smetnje u razumijevanju što osjeća, čuje ili vidi te mu to stvara smetnje u ponašanju, komunikaciji i društvenim odnosima. Nemaju u sebi osjećaj za prostor te se često čine nespretnima, a imaju i loš mišićni tonus što utječe na njihove čudne pokrete tijekom kretanja. Udaljeni su od vlastitih osjetila i mogu koristiti samo jedno osjetilo odjednom. Prema podacima iz 2021. godine, učestalost autizma je 1:88, a smatra se da u Europi preko 5 milijuna osoba ima pervazivne razvojne poremećaje, tj. poremećaje iz spektra autizma. Prevalencija je veća kod dječaka u odnosu na djevojčice (5:1). Uzrok poremećaja iz spektra autizma nije poznat i to je stanje s kojim se pojedinac rađa. Važno je razlikovati da to nije bolest nego poremećaj. Uz ranu intervenciju, pravilnu dijagnostiku stručnog tima i rehabilitaciju, kvaliteta života osoba s poremećajem iz spektra autizma može daleko napredovati. Dan podizanja svjesnosti o autizmu obilježava se 2. travnja.Term autism comes from Greek language and it means „to be self-centered“. It's a social-relation disorder first described by Leo Kanner in 1943. Disorder is revealed betwwen 18 month and 3 years old. It is a lifelong condition in which individual has problems in understanding what he feels, hears or sees and that makes disturbances in his behavior, communication and social relations. They don't have a sense for space so they often seem clumsy, their muscule tone is bad which affects on their strange moves. Distaned from their own senses can use one sense at a time. According the data from 2021, incidende od autism is 1:88, and it is considered that in Europe more than 5 million people have pervasive developmental disorders, viz autism spectum disorder. Prevalence is higher in the male population than female (5:1). Cause of disorder for autism spectrum is not known and that is condition with which is individual born with. It is important to distinguish that autism is not a disease but a disorder. With an early intervention, correct diagnostic of a professional team and rehabilitation quality of life can make a great progress. Autism Awarness day is celebrated on April 2
Obesity among preschool children
No full text»Quod me nutrit, me destruit«, »što me hrani, ubija me.«, napisao je Cristopher Marlowe. Svaka bi osoba trebala ljubomorno čuvati svoje zdravlje, jer je ono neprocjenjive vrijednosti koja se lako nepovratno gubi. Pretilost se definira kao bolest u kojoj se višak masnoga tkiva nakuplja u tolikoj mjeri da ugrožava zdravlje. Na pojavu bolesti utječu metabolički, genetski te čimbenici okoline. Svake godine, broj pretile djece je u porastu. Najčešće pretila djeca postaju pretili odrasli te je veći rizik za razvoj kronično nezaraznih bolesti (KNB). U društvu vrlo često nisu prihvaćena, imaju lobiji školski uspjeh te sniženo samopouzdanje. Podaci iz 2019. godine pokazuju da je tada u Hrvatskoj svako tre e dijete živjelo s prekomjernom tjelesnom masom (33% djevojčica, 37% dječaka), U 2022. procjenjuje se da je 37 milijuna djece mlađe od 5 godina imalo prekomjernu težinu. Jedan od najčešćih uzroka razvoja bolesti je sjedilački način života. Osnovni načini dijagnosticiranja pretilosti su: izražen indeksa tjelesne mase, određivanje udjela masnog tkiva, mjerenje obujma struka kao i definiranje čimbenika rizika i stanja vezanih uz pretilost. Prehrana djeca trebala bi biti redovita, bez preskakanja obroka te bi obroci morali biti raznoliki. Prvi jutarnji obrok je najvažniji te bi trebao biti sat-dva nakon buđenja, a veoma je važan u kontroli tjelesne težine.
Prema Konvenciji o pravima djeteta, svako dijete ima pravo uživati najvišu mogu u razinu zdravlja, što uključuje i pravo na odgovaraju u hranu visoke hranjive vrijednosti. U dječjoj dobi potreban je unos različitih vrsta namirnica. Tu veliku ulogu imaju roditelji. Oni uvelike određuju koja će hrana biti djetetu dostupna, imaju kontrolu nad trajanjem i veličinom obroka, određuju socijalni kontekst i emocionalni ton za vrijeme obroka te su zbog toga ključne osobe u intervencijama kontrole tjelesne težine djece.
Tjelesne aktivnosti u dječjoj dobi utječu na zdravstveno stanje u odrasloj dobi. Smanjuju stres, depresiju i anksioznost. Dječji vrtići trebali bi, prema odgojno-obrazovnim programima, provoditi tjelesne aktivnosti svakodnevno u svim dobnim skupinama. Način vježbanja i intenzitet prilagođava se odvisno o dobi djeteta. Svjetski dan debljine obilježava se 4. ožujka.»Quod me nutrit, me destruit«, 4 "What nourishes me, destroys me," wrote Christopher Marlowe. Every person should carefully guard their health, as it is of priceless value and can be easily and irretrievably lost. Obesity is defined as a disease in which excess fat tissue accumulates to such an extent that it threatens health. The development of this condition is influenced by metabolic, genetic, and environmental factors. Every year, the number of obese children is increasing. Obese children often grow into obese adults, with a higher risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In society, they are often not accepted, have poorer school performance, and lower self-esteem. Data from 2019 show that, at that time, one in three children in Croatia lived with excess body weight (33% of girls, 37% of boys). In 2022, it was estimated that 37 million children under the age of 5 had excess weight. One of the most common causes of developing obesity is a sedentary lifestyle. The primary methods for diagnosing obesity are: calculating the body mass index, determining the percentage of body fat, measuring waist circumference, and identifying risk factors and conditions related to obesity. Children9s nutrition should be regular, without skipping meals, and meals must be varied. The first morning meal is the most important and should occur one to two hours after waking up; it is crucial for weight control.
According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, every child has the right to enjoy the highest possible standard of health, which includes the right to adequate, nutritious food. During childhood, it is important to consume a variety of food types. Parents play a significant role in this regard. They largely determine what food will be available to the child, control the duration and size of meals, set the social context and emotional tone during meals, and are therefore key in interventions aimed at controlling children9s weight.
Physical activity in childhood affects health in adulthood. It reduces stress, depression, and anxiety. Preschools should, according to educational programs, implement physical activities daily across all age groups. The type of exercise and intensity should be adjusted according to the child9s age. World Obesity Day is observed on March 4th
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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