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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Caracterització dels Factors Clínics i Biològics Associats a l’Edema Macular Diabètic en la Diabetis Mellitus Tipus II
Get PDFINTRODUCCIÓ:
L'edema macular diabètic (EMD) és una complicació clínica associada a la retinopatia diabètica (RD) i és la primera causa de pèrdua visual en diabètics en el món desenvolupat. Implica l'extravasació de fluids i lípids en l'àrea macular, la regió de la retina responsable de la visió central. Alguns dels seus factors de risc, com la hiperglucèmia crònica, són comuns amb la RD. Tanmateix, altres agents claus en la seva etiopatogènia, com els mediadors moleculars de la inflamació i diferents factors de creixement, no han estat estudiats en profunditat, especialment en relació amb la seva presència diferencial lligada a l'existència d'EMD.
OBJECTIU:
Estudiar l'associació entre factors metabòlics i inflamatoris en sang perifèrica i la presència d'EMD així com la seva associació a certes característiques intraoculars.
MATERIALS I MÈTODE:
Es planteja un estudi observacional de tall transversal sobre pacients diabètics amb RD en dos grups, aquells amb EMD associat (n=58) i aquells sense EMD (n=18). Es va realitzar un estudi detallat de la presentació oftalmològica en aquests grups d'acord als criteris d'inclusió i exclusió establerts, incloent diferents paràmetres qualitatius i quantitatius de tomografia de coherència òptica macular (OCT) a tots els pacients i angiografia fluoresceínica retinal de camp ampli (AFCA) en els casos d'EMD. A més a més, es va dur a terme un estudi complet de factors metabòlics (glicèmia, creatinina, colesterol total, LDL colesterol, HDL colesterol, triglicèrids, enzims hepàtics, hemoglobina i hemoglobina glicada) mitjançant anàlisi sanguínia així com de mediadors inflamatoris sèrics (citocines, quimiocines i factors de creixement), també en tots els pacients. El panell de mediadors inflamatoris estudiat, d'acord al coneixement previ disponible tant en mostres sanguínies com intraoculars, inclogué: IL-1β, IL-3, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, MCP-1, IP-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α i VEGF.
RESULTATS:
Els paràmetres metabòlics i inflamatoris sèrics estudiats no s'han associat directament a la presència d'EMD. Tanmateix, quan aquesta complicació intraocular està present, certes característiques de la mateixa s'associen de forma estadísticament significativa a determinats mediadors sistèmics: la presència d'engruiximent difús de la retina per OCT es relaciona amb majors xifres sèriques d'IL-6; l'existència d'edema macular quístic per OCT s'associa a menors nivells en sang perifèrica d'IL-10; i, finalment, s'han objectivat majors xifres sèriques d'IL-8 i VEGF en aquells casos amb augment de la zona avascular foveal mesurada per AFCA.
CONCLUSIÓ:
El desenvolupament d'EMD no s'associa aparentment a patrons diferenciats de mediadors inflamatoris o metabòlics pel que fa a sang perifèrica. Tanmateix, certes característiques anatòmiques de l'EMD sí que es relacionen amb determinades molècules en l'àmbit sistèmic. Tot i el seu caràcter pilot, aquests resultats aporten valuosa informació sobre les que proposar estratègies futures en el maneig individualitzat del pacient amb EMD.INTRODUCTION:
Diabetic macular edema (DME) represents a clinical complication of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and is the major cause of vision loss in diabetic patients in the developed world. It implies fluid and lipid extravasation in the macular area of the retina, which is accountable of main visual acuity. Several DME risk factors, as chronic hyperglycemia, are common to DR. However, other etiopathogenic agents such as inflammatory molecules and growth factors have not been widely studied, specially regarding its differential association to DME.
AIMS:
To study the association between peripheral blood metabolic and inflammatory factors and presence of diabetic macular edema (DME) and its related anatomic features in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Observational cross-sectional study on a proof of concept basis. Seventy-six T2DM included patients were divided based on the presence (n = 58) or absence of DME (n = 18) according to optical coherence tomography (OCT). Ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) was performed in DME patients. Fasting peripheral blood sample testing included glycemia, glycated hemoglobin, creatinin and lipid levels among others. Serum levels of a broad panel of cytokines and inflammatory mediators were also analyzed. OCT findings included central subfoveal thickness, diffuse retinal thickness (DRT), cystoid macular edema (CME), serous retinal detachment and epirretinal membrane. UWFA items included pattern of DME, presence of peripheral retinal ischemia and enlarged foveal avascular zone (FAZ).
RESULTS:
Metabolic and inflammatory factors did not statistically differ between groups. However, several inflammatory mediators did associate to certain ocular items of DME cases: IL-6 was significantly higher in patients with DRT (p = 0.044), IL-10 was decreased in patients with CME (p = 0.012), and higher IL-8 (p = 0.031) and VEGF levels (p = 0.031) were observed in patients with enlarged FAZ.
CONCLUSION:
Inflammatory and metabolic peripheral blood factors in T2DM may not be differentially associated to DME when compared to non-DME cases. However, some OCT and UWFA features of DME such as DRT, CME and enlarged FAZ may be associated to certain systemic inflammatory mediators
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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