164 research outputs found
Systematic map of literature on land use conflicts: Dataset
No full textThis dataset compiles the international, peer-reviewed literature on land use conflicts that was published between 2005 and 2020. It lists 306 publications and provides for each of them information regarding the research methods, research aims, covered land use types, covered geographical region, subject area, definition of "land use conflict", and conceptual approach. It can be used to identify publications on specified topics or combinations of topics, such as literature on land use conflicts in Africa regarding the land use type pastoralism. The ROSES for systematic map reports file provides information of how the systematic map was compiled and the list of unobtainable and excluded publications lists those publications that appeared in the initial database search but were not included in the mapping, with reasons for exclusion. More information on the dataset's creation, a detailed analysis, and interpretation are provided in the corresponding journal article:
Fienitz, Meike. 2023. "Taking stock of land use conflict research: A systematic map with special focus on conceptual approaches." Society & Natural Resources. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2023.2199380This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research under Grant 033L205A
Taking Stock of Land Use Conflict Research: A Systematic Map with Special Focus on Conceptual Approaches
No full textThe literature on land use conflicts has significantly increased in number in recent years, and keeping track has become challenging. Moreover, “land use conflict” is a rather fuzzy concept; a coherent understanding of what it encompasses is presently missing. Thus, the objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of land use conflict research, with a special focus on different conceptual approaches. A systematic mapping of 306 scientific, peer-reviewed publications on land use conflicts was conducted, combined with an interpretive analysis of how the term “land use conflict” is used. This revealed an extensive research field with several well-covered subfields but also some knowledge gaps. Moreover, four different conceptual approaches that have been applied in the literature were identified. The paper thus contributes to the formulation of an evidence-based research agenda and to an improved conceptual understanding of the term “land use conflict.
How do land use conflicts escalate? Identifying causal mechanisms in a conflict over a biogas plant in Brandenburg, Germany
No full textThe dynamics of land use conflicts have recently received increasing interest in the scholarly debate; however, research thus far has focussed on the causes of different conflict dynamics. In contrast, this paper starts from the assumption that knowledge of the processes by which certain conditions trigger escalation is important for improved theorizing about land use conflict dynamics and allows us to identify options for more targeted interventions. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to analyse how escalation is triggered in land use conflicts. Process tracing is performed on an in‐depth case study of a conflict over a biogas plant in Brandenburg, Germany, which escalated into coercive dynamics, ending in a lawsuit. Materials are obtained through document analysis and semistructured, episodic interviews with all involved actors and are analysed via qualitative text analysis. Five causal mechanisms that trigger escalation are identified: A lack of dialogue during the early phase of the conflict (1) hinders mutual understanding between the conflict parties (2), preventing central actors from envisioning a compromise (3). Consequently, they become unwilling to seek a compromise (4), which ultimately reinforces their perception that a lawsuit is more likely to achieve their goals than collaboration (5). The results refine our understanding of the conditions that trigger escalating dynamics in land use conflicts, of the mechanisms through which these conditions become effective, and, consequently, of measures that could contribute to avoiding escalation. In particular, they highlight the role of the involved actors' perceptions and of power relations in land use conflict escalation, demonstrating that escalation towards coercive dynamics is triggered primarily by a chain of cognitive processes among initially weaker actors that ultimately leads them to choose escalation. Synthesis and applications . The results confirm previous findings regarding the relevance of timely conflict management, with achieving a dialogue from the very beginning as the key leverage for interrupting the mechanism chain that triggers escalation. Additionally, they emphasize the relevance of the perceived relative attractiveness of collaboration versus escalation, an aspect that has been under‐represented in the literature, and offer insights on how this could be addressed. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.Plain Language Summary: When different groups want to use the same land in different ways, conflicts arise. In the scientific literature, these conflicts are called land use conflicts. For example, renewable energy facilities, mining, industrial sights but also conservation areas are often contested. In this study, I explored why disagreements over land use sometimes escalate, meaning that the involved groups fight each other instead of addressing the problem, and what can be done to avoid this. My goal was especially to understand how escalation begins: how the balance tips from collaboration to escalation in situations of disagreement. To understand this better, I looked closely at a real case in Brandenburg, Germany, where people disagreed about the expansion of a biogas plant. I analyzed documents and conducted in-depth interviews with everyone involved. Through this, I identified a chain of five mechanisms that eventually triggered the escalation of the conflict. In the early stages of the conflict, the groups did not communicate. This lack of communication led to misunderstandings and caused central people to feel that compromise was not possible. As a result, they felt that trying to compromise was a waste of time. Additionally, some people had better options than collaborating, because they were able to start a lawsuit, and this was very likely to achieve their goals. These findings highlight how important it is to open lines of communication early. When people talk and understand each other from the beginning, the mechanism chain that triggers escalation can be interrupted. This approach also depends on making collaboration seem more worthwhile than escalation, something that has not been widely studied before. For policymakers, planners, and people who are involved in land use conflicts this research suggests that encouraging early dialog and making collaboration more attractive can help stop conflicts from escalating.Landnutzungskonflikte und ihr Verlauf haben in der wissenschaftlichen Debatte zuletzt an Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen. Die bisherige Forschung hat sich jedoch hauptsächlich auf die Ursachen unterschiedlicher Konfliktverläufe konzentriert. Dieser Beitrag geht hingegen davon aus, dass ein besseres Verständnis der Prozesse, die zu Eskalation führen, nicht nur zur Theoriebildung beiträgt, sondern auch gezieltere Interventionen ermöglicht. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es daher, zu analysieren, wie Eskalation in Landnutzungskonflikten ausgelöst wird. In einer Prozessanalyse ( Process Tracing ) wird ein eskalierter Konflikt um eine Biogasanlage in Brandenburg, Deutschland, untersucht, der schließlich in einem Gerichtsverfahren endete. Dazu wird diverses empirisches Material aus einer Dokumentenanalyse sowie halbstrukturierten, episodischen Interviews mit allen beteiligten Akteuren mittels qualitativer Textanalyse ausgewertet. Die Studie identifiziert fünf Kausalmechanismen, die Eskalation auslösen: Ein fehlender Dialog in der frühen Konfliktphase (1) erschwert das gegenseitige Verständnis zwischen den Konfliktparteien (2), wodurch ein Kompromiss für zentrale Akteure schwer vorstellbar wird (3). Infolgedessen sinkt ihre Bereitschaft zur Kompromisssuche (4), was schließlich ihre Überzeugung verstärkt, dass eine Klage erfolgversprechender sei als Zusammenarbeit (5). Die Ergebnisse vertiefen bestehende Erkenntnisse bezüglich der Bedingungen, die eskalierende Verläufe in Landnutzungskonflikten auslösen, zeigen die Mechanismen auf, durch die diese Bedingungen wirksam werden, und welche Maßnahmen helfen können, Eskalation zu vermeiden. Besonders hervorgehoben wird die Rolle der Wahrnehmungen der beteiligten Akteure sowie der Machtverhältnisse. Die Studie zeigt, dass Eskalation primär durch eine Abfolge kognitiver Prozesse bei anfänglich schwächeren Akteuren ausgelöst wird, die diese letztlich dazu bewegt, Eskalation als erfolgversprechendere Strategie zu wählen. Synthese und Anwendung . Die Ergebnisse bestätigen frühere Erkenntnisse zur Bedeutung eines frühzeitigen Konfliktmanagements. Besonders entscheidend um die Eskalationsmechanismen zu unterbrechen ist ein frühzeitiger Dialog. Zudem unterstreicht die Studie die Bedeutung der wahrgenommenen Attraktivität von Kooperation im Vergleich zu Eskalation—ein Aspekt, der in der bisherigen Forschung unterrepräsentiert war—und liefert Einblicke, wie diese gezielt adressiert werden kann.Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung 10.13039/501100002347Peer Reviewe
Für einen differenzierteren Umgang mit Landnutzungskonf likten
No full textKonflikte können großen Einfluss auf Bemühungen um nachhaltigere Landnutzung haben, werden aber meist erst wahrgenommen, wenn sie bereits eskaliert sind. Dabei bergen gerade die stillen und nicht öffentlich ausgetragenen Konflikte Potenziale für nachhaltiges Landmanagement
Taking Stock of Land Use Conflict Research: A Systematic Map with Special Focus on Conceptual Approaches
No full textThe literature on land use conflicts has significantly increased in number in recent years, and keeping track has become challenging. Moreover, “land use conflict” is a rather fuzzy concept; a coherent understanding of what it encompasses is presently missing. Thus, the objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of land use conflict research, with a special focus on different conceptual approaches. A systematic mapping of 306 scientific, peer-reviewed publications on land use conflicts was conducted, combined with an interpretive analysis of how the term “land use conflict” is used. This revealed an extensive research field with several well-covered subfields but also some knowledge gaps. Moreover, four different conceptual approaches that have been applied in the literature were identified. The paper thus contributes to the formulation of an evidence-based research agenda and to an improved conceptual understanding of the term “land use conflict.”Peer Reviewe
Navigating disparate demands: An empirical study of land use conflicts in urban-rural fringe regions in northeast Germany
No full textWeltweit ist die Nutzung von Land häufig umstritten. Ob Bergbau, Nationalparks, Forstwirtschaft oder neue Wohngebiete: Landnutzungskonflikte sind allgegenwärtig, können äußerst schädlich sein und werden in Zukunft noch bedeutender werden. Die Dissertation hebt daher Landnutzungskonflikte als eines der Schlüsselthemen sowohl der aktuellen als auch der zukünftigen Landnutzungspraxis hervor. Die Entwicklung geeigneter Strategien zum Umgang mit diesen Konflikten, basierend auf einem fundierten Verständnis ihrer Eigenschaften, zählt zu den dringlichsten Aufgaben für Politik, Planung und Landmanagement. In der aktuellen Forschungsliteratur gibt es jedoch drei wesentliche Herausforderungen, die die Entwicklung adäquater Ansätze zum Umgang mit Landnutzungskonflikten behindern: Erstens der Stand des Forschungsfeldes, das zwar umfangreich, aber fragmentiert und daher schwer zu überblicken ist; zweitens der fehlende Überblick über die in der Praxis auftretenden Landnutzungskonflikte; und drittens die bislang unzureichende Forschung zu Konfliktverläufen. Um diese Lücken zu schließen, wurde eine Literaturanalyse mit einer empirischen Studie in zwei Regionen Nordostdeutschlands kombiniert: den Stadt-Umland-Räumen von Schwerin in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern und Cottbus in Brandenburg. Mithilfe eines induktiven Ansatzes, der eine Literaturrecherche, eine Situationsanalyse und eine Analyse der Konfliktverläufe umfasst, liefert die Dissertation neue Einblicke in die Eigenschaften und Verläufe von Landnutzungskonflikten, die Akteuren aus Politik, Planung und Landnutzungspraxis helfen können, die Konflikte zu identifizieren, die angegangen werden müssen, und kollaborative Konfliktverläufe zu fördern. Sie präsentiert somit neue Strategien zur Schaffung agonistischer Arenen für die Aushandlung unterschiedlicher Landnutzungsinteressen. Die Dissertation schließt mit einer Diskussion der Grenzen der vorliegenden Ergebnisse sowie vielversprechender Ansätze für die weitere Forschung.Across the globe, land use is frequently contested. From mining to national parks, from forestry to new housing estates: Land use conflicts are ubiquitous, they can be highly detrimental, and they are likely to become even more significant in the future. The dissertation therefore highlights land use conflicts as one of the key issues in both current and future land use practice, and the development of appropriate strategies to address land use conflicts, based on a thorough understanding of their nature, as one of the most pressing challenges in land use policy, planning, and management. However, there are three key challenges in the current literature that hinder the development of adequate approaches to dealing with land use conflicts: First, the state of the research field, which is vast but fragmented and thus difficult to gain an overview of, second, the lack of overview of the land use conflicts that occur in land use practice, and third, insufficient research on land use conflicts’ dynamics, which makes it difficult to adequately handle ongoing conflicts. To address these gaps, the dissertation combines literature analysis and an empirical study of land use conflicts in two urban-rural fringe regions in north-east Germany: the urban-rural fringes of Schwerin in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Cottbus in Brandenburg. Employing an inductive approach that includes a literature review, a situation analysis, and an analysis of conflict dynamics, the dissertation provides new insights into the nature and dynamics of land use conflicts that can help policy-makers, planners, and land users to identify those (types of) land use conflicts that need to be addressed, and to foster collaborative conflict dynamics. It thus presents novel strategies to create agonistic arenas for the negotiation of divergent land use interests. The dissertation closes by discussing the limits of the present results as well as promising trajectories for future research
Taking Stock of Land Use Conflict Research: A Systematic Map with Special Focus on Conceptual Approaches
No full textThe literature on land use conflicts has significantly increased in number in recent years, and keeping track has become challenging. Moreover, “land use conflict” is a rather fuzzy concept; a coherent understanding of what it encompasses is presently missing. Thus, the objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of land use conflict research, with a special focus on different conceptual approaches. A systematic mapping of 306 scientific, peer-reviewed publications on land use conflicts was conducted, combined with an interpretive analysis of how the term “land use conflict” is used. This revealed an extensive research field with several well-covered subfields but also some knowledge gaps. Moreover, four different conceptual approaches that have been applied in the literature were identified. The paper thus contributes to the formulation of an evidence-based research agenda and to an improved conceptual understanding of the term “land use conflict.”</p
“It Is a Total Drama”: Land Use Conflicts in Local Land Use Actors’ Experience
No full textAs land is limited, conflicts between land uses, and, consequently, conflicts between land users about land use inevitably arise. However, how these land use conflicts affect local land use actors has remained underexplored. The objective of this paper is to provide a broad, cross-sectoral overview of land use conflicts as perceived by local land use actors and to explore the actors’ experiences with these conflicts. We conducted 32 semistructured interviews with key land use actors (mayors, local agencies, interest groups, local boards, businesses) in the urban-rural fringe region of Schwerin, Germany. We then applied a qualitative text analysis to identify the region’s most relevant conflicts across all land use sectors (agriculture, settlement, infrastructure, forestry, conservation, tourism, industry, etc.) and their impacts on local actors’ daily experiences. The results show that local actors are aware of many diverse land use conflicts, most frequently regarding land uses for housing, environmental/species conservation, and traffic. Moreover, local actors report these conflicts as relevant to their daily work, and many perceive the conflicts as a strain. Conflicts impede land management processes; they tie up resources, are often perceived as complex, and can be experienced as highly stressful—as summed up in an interviewee’s conclusion: “It is a total drama”. Thus, land use conflicts play an important and mostly negative role in the experiences of land use actors. These findings fill current gaps in the literature on land use conflicts regarding the types of conflicts about which actors are aware and the consequences of these conflicts. The results also underline the relevance of addressing conflicts in land use planning and governance, the need for appropriate conflict management, and the necessity of providing local actors with sufficient resources to deal with land use conflicts. The paper further identifies some starting points so conflicts can enhance rather than impede communal life in rural areas
Eine neue Perspektive zur Verknüpfung von Gerechtigkeit und raumbezogenen Konflikten: Raum für Konflikte und Gerechtigkeit
No full textRaum ist ein knappes Gut, Konflikte um seine Nutzung sind daher unvermeidbar. Wie kann Gerechtigkeit ein Schlüssel für das Verständnis und die Bearbeitung solcher Konflikte sein? Grundlage ist eine fundierte Verknüpfung raumbezogener Konflikt- und Gerechtigkeitsforschung
Emancipation in the net : theatre spectators and the "agency" of network
No full textIn a lecture given during the 49th Counterpoint Review of Small Theatrical Forms in Szczecin, Meike Wagner focuses on the emancipation of the theater viewer and the “agency of the Web.” The author's point of departure are some of Jacques Rancière's theses concerning the viewer as a “storyteller” and a “translator,” as well as a theory of the Internet by Bruno Latour. Using these concepts, Wagner performs an insightful analysis of the audience protests at Covent Garden in 1809 (the Old Price Riots) and the Situation Rooms project (2013) by the Rimini Protokoll group. The author considers the course and efficiency of the emancipation process in institutionalized theaters open to this sort of initiative, or the contrary, those which block the viewers' striving toward freedom
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