1,720,965 research outputs found
Dynamic Visualisation of Many-Objective Populations
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the Operational Research SocietyThere has been an increase in research activity recently regarding the visualisation of many-objective populations. Two of the main drivers for this have been (i) to aid decision makers in comparing and selecting designs returned from a many-objective optimisation run, and (ii) to help in the selection of solutions in interactive optimisation. In both of these situations there is often a dynamic element – populations evolving over time change their relative relationships, and the quality comparison measure itself can be altered, redefining member relations. Here we illustrate how a number of existing visualisations from various domains may be applied to many-objective populations to aid the understanding of population relations using the d3 package. d3 is inherently dynamic, and will automatically respond to any changes in the base document underpinning the visualisation, allowing the visualisation package to 'bolt-on' to any other program that can produce or update the underlying file
PRE-NAS: Predictor-assisted Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search
Full text linkNeural architecture search (NAS) aims to automate architecture engineering in neural networks. This often requires a high computational overhead to evaluate a number of candidate networks from the set of all possible networks in the search space during the search. Prediction of the networks' performance can alleviate this high computational overhead by mitigating the need for evaluating every candidate network. Developing such a predictor typically requires a large number of evaluated architectures which may be difficult to obtain. We address this challenge by proposing a novel evolutionary-based NAS strategy, Predictor-assisted E-NAS (PRE-NAS), which can perform well even with an extremely small number of evaluated architectures. PRE-NAS leverages new evolutionary search strategies and integrates high-fidelity weight inheritance over generations. Unlike one-shot strategies, which may suffer from bias in the evaluation due to weight sharing, offspring candidates in PRE-NAS are topologically homogeneous, which circumvents bias and leads to more accurate predictions. Extensive experiments on NAS-Bench-201 and DARTS search spaces show that PRE-NAS can outperform state-of-the-art NAS methods. With only a single GPU searching for 0.6 days, competitive architecture can be found by PRE-NAS which achieves 2.40% and 24% test error rates on CIFAR-10 and ImageNet respectively
Computationally Efficient Local Optima Network Construction
Full text linkThe codebase for this paper is available at https://github.com/fieldsend/local_optima_networksThere has been an increasing amount of research on the visualisation
of search landscapes through the use of exact and approximate
local optima networks (LONs). Although there are many papers
available describing the construction of a LON, there is a dearth
of code released to support the general practitioner constructing
a LON for their problem. Furthermore, a naive implementation of
the algorithms described in work on LONs will lead to inefficient
and costly code, due to the possibility of repeatedly reevaluating
neighbourhood members, and partially overlapping greedy paths.
Here we discuss algorithms for the efficient computation of both
exact and approximate LONs, and provide open source code online.
We also provide some empirical illustrations of the reduction in the
number of recursive greedy calls, and quality function calls that can
be obtained on NK model landscapes, and discretised versions of
the IEEE CEC 2013 niching competition tests functions, using the
developed framework compared to naive implementations. In many
instances multiple order of magnitude improvements are observed.This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council [grant number EP/N017846/1]. The author would
like to thank Sébastien Vérel and Gabriela Ochoa for providing
inspirational invited talks on LONs at the University of Exeter
during this grant, and also Ozgur Akman, Khulood Alyahya and
Kevin Doherty
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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