582,130 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Cowpox virus infection in natural field vole Microtus agrestispopulations: significant negative impacts on survival
No full text1. Cowpox virus is an endemic virus circulating in populations of wild rodents. It has been implicated as a potential cause of population cycles in field voles Microtus agrestis L., in Britain, owing to a delayed density-dependent pattern in prevalence, but its impact on field vole demographic parameters is unknown. This study tests the hypothesis that wild field voles infected with cowpox virus have a lower probability of survival than uninfected individuals. 2. The effect of cowpox virus infection on the probability of an individual surviving to the next month was investigated using longitudinal data collected over 2 years from four grassland sites in Kielder Forest, UK. This effect was also investigated at the population level, by examining whether infection prevalence explained temporal variation in survival rates, once other factors influencing survival had been controlled for. 3. Individuals with a probability of infection, P(I), of 1 at a time when base survival rate was at median levels had a 22.4% lower estimated probability of survival than uninfected individuals, whereas those with a P(I) of 0.5 had a 10.4% lower survival. 4. At the population level, survival rates also decreased with increasing cowpox prevalence, with lower survival rates in months of higher cowpox prevalence. 5. Simple matrix projection models with 28 day time steps and two stages, with 71% of voles experiencing cowpox infection in their second month of life (the average observed seroprevalence at the end of the breeding season) predict a reduction in 28-day population growth rate during the breeding season from λ = 1.62 to 1.53 for populations with no cowpox infection compared with infected populations. 6. This negative correlation between cowpox virus infection and field vole survival, with its potentially significant effect on population growth rate, is the first for an endemic pathogen in a cyclic population of wild rodents
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Microbial enrichment culture responsible for the complete oxidative biodegradation of 3‑Amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (ATO), the reduced daughter product of the insensitive munitions compound 3‑Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO)
No full text3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) is one of the main ingredients of many insensitive munitions, which are being used as replacements for conventional explosives. As its use becomes widespread, more research is needed to assess its environmental fate. Previous studies have shown that NTO is biologically reduced to 3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (ATO). However, the final degradation products of ATO are still unknown. We have studied the aerobic degradation of ATO by enrichment cultures derived from the soil. After multiple transfers, ATO degradation was monitored in closed bottles through measurements of inorganic carbon and nitrogen species. The results indicate that the members of the enrichment culture utilize ATO as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. As ATO was mineralized to CO₂, N₂, and NH₄⁺, microbial growth was observed in the culture. Co-substrates addition did not increase the ATO degradation rate. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the organisms that enriched using ATO as carbon and nitrogen source were Terrimonas spp., Ramlibacter-related spp., Mesorhizobium spp., Hydrogenophaga spp., Ralstonia spp., Pseudomonas spp., Ectothiorhodospiraceae, and Sphingopyxis. This is the first study to report the complete mineralization of ATO by soil microorganisms, expanding our understanding of natural attenuation and bioremediation of the explosive NTO.Journal ArticleFinal article publishe
A brief history of the NPS Field Experimentation program: Spanning STAN, TNT and JIFX
No full textThe NPS Field Experimentation Program was initiated in FY02 to provide an opportunity for NPS faculty and students to evaluate new technologies from their research in a field environment. These efforts were continued and integrated to create a formal decade long cooperative field experimental effort with USSOCOM (S&T /J9 and SORDAC) that began in FY03 as STAN (Surveillance and Targeting Acquisition Network) and culminated as TNT (Tactical Network Topology) in 2013. After TNT, sponsorship of NPS FX transitioned to OSD (AT&L) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The NPS Joint Interagency Field Experimentation (JIFX) program exists today to support the S&T needs of all of the COCOMs, interagency, and first responders. This technical report serves to briefly document the history of the NPS FX program from STAN through current day JIFX. This document reflects the opinions of the author and does not represent the official policy or position of the Naval Postgraduate School, the United States Navy, or any other government organization.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943-500
A numerical model to calculated field line resonances in Jupiter's magnetosphere
No full textFiles included:
jupflr.pro: IDL routines for calculating frequencies and mode structures of field line resonances
idl routines in jupflr.pdf: Text document giving description of routines in jupflr.pro
model010.zip: zipped file containing data generated by jupflr.pro routinesThe arrival of the Juno satellite at Jupiter has led to an increased interest in the dynamics of the Jovian magnetosphere. Jupiter’s auroral emissions often exhibit quasi-periodic oscillations with periods of tens of minutes. Magnetic observations indicate that ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves with similar periods are often seen in data from Galileo and other satellites traversing the Jovian magnetosphere. Such waves can be associated with field line resonances, which are standing shear Alfvén waves on the field lines. Using model magnetic fields and plasma distributions, the frequencies of field line resonances and their harmonics on field lines connecting to the main auroral oval have been determined. Time domain simulations of Alfvén wave propagation have illustrated the evolution of such resonances. These studies indicate that harmonics of the field line resonances are common in the 10-40 minute band.National Science Foundation grant AGS-1840891Lysak, Robert L; Song, Yan. (2020). A numerical model to calculated field line resonances in Jupiter's magnetosphere. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://doi.org/10.13020/rjsp-kd12
Bedminster, Dr. Field and buggy, 1910
No full textDr. F. L. Field with horse and buggy in Mt. Prospect. The horse's name is Hester
Delta Marsh Field Station Archive Annual Report, Volume 4, 1969
No full textThe University Field Station had another successful
season and fifteen research projects were undertaken during the summer.
They included:--popu1ation and productivity studies in algae and
emergent marsh species; nitrification processes in marsh soils; the
relationship between evapotranspiration in Phragmites and water table
fluctuations; ecological studies on benthic fauna; factors determining
mollusc distribution; population dynamics of Brook Sticklebacks;
comparative ecology of two species of Shiner; internal helminths of
two amphibian species; reproductive biology of Forster's Tern; territory
in the Yellow Warbler, seasonal energy balance in the muskrat; geomorphic,
sedimentological and stratigraphic investigations of the area between
Portage la Prairie and Lake Manitoba and groundwater studies in the
Delta area.
We had the pleasure of visits from a number of distinguished
scientists from various parts of the world. The Department of Anthropology
held a field course for one month and groups from Botany and Zoology stayed
at the Station for shorter periods of time.
The following staff, students and technicians spent all
or part of the summer at the Field Station:
FACULTY
J. M. Walker
G. G. C. Robinson
J. Wright
C. T. Shay
R. M. Green
GRADUATE STUDENTS
T.O. Acere (Zoology)
H. Bauer (Psychology)
D. Bernard (Zoology)
D. Brown (Botany)
L. H1ynka (Zoology)
M. Fenton (Earth Science)
D. Lutchman (Earth Sdence)
M. McNicholl (Zoology)
F. Phillips (Botany)
SUMMER ASSISTANTS
W. Dentry
L. Hendzel
T. Hochbaum
J. Leberdensky
P. Lemon
K. Machniak
R. Moyshenko
T. Sulymko
G. Vascatto
J. Yarysz
C.K. Yeung
The first project started in early April, and from then
until mid-September the accommodation was used for 265 resident-weeks
with 4,269 meals being served! There are two projects continuing
throughout the winter. Seminars
A weekly programme of seminars and films was held in June
July and August , and we were privileged to hear lectures from
Dr . L. Rudescu (Roumania), Dr . R. Nero (Manitoba Museum of Man and Nature),
Dr . R. Miller (Yale University) , Mr . L. Gray (Water Control and
Conservation , Department of Mines and Natural Resources), Dr . J. M. Walker
(Botany, University of Manitoba), Dr . E. S. Burch (Anthropology,
University of Manitoba), Dr. G. G. C. Robinson (Botany, University of
Manitoba), Dr . D. Schindler (Fisheries Research Board, Winnipeg), and
Dr . G. Brunskill (Fisheries Research Board, Winnipeg). We welcomed
the participation of members of the Delta Waterfowl Research Station at
these seminars and appreciated their invitation to attend the two-day
Seminar on "Spacing Mechanisms in Waterfowl" and their July and August
seminar series.
At the 3rd November Seminar fifteen research summaries
were presented, including reports from Mr . F. Austin and Mr. P. Ould,
graduate students in the Department of Zoology who carried out their work
at the Delta Waterfowl Research Station. The seminar attracted about
80 people, promoted discussion and is now well established as an important
part of the Field Station programme . Brief summaries of most of these
projects form the major part of this Annual Report.
Courses
Anthropology 76.662
A small Archaeological Field School led by Prof. C. T. Shay
of the Department of Anthropology was held during the month of July.
The class surveyed for archaeological sites in the area and spent two
weeks excavating a small campsite on the Bell Estate. The campsite,
located on a small beachridge, yielded stone artifacts and pottery dating
between 1300-1600 A. D. We would like to extend to Mr. P. Ward our
appreciation for permission to excavate this site and for helpful
assistance throughout the course.
Comparative Chordate Zoology 22.220 and Plant Kingdom 1.220
Dr . G. Ross and Dr. B. Young respectively spent useful
days at the Field Station with their students.
Introductory Ecology (Botany 1.336 and Zoology 22 . 334)
Three sections each of 3 1/2 days duration were organized
by Drs. J. Gee, J. M. Stewart. J. M. Walker and J. F. Wright, assisted
by Mr. D. Bernard. Two sections were held in Registration Week and one
the following weekend. During the course, the students were introduced to
a variety of habitats, sampling techniques and methods of assessing
environmental parameters, which give an insight into the structure and
functioning of ecosystems .
2 Plant Ecology 1.452
Drs. J. M. Stewart and J. M. Walker organized a weekend
course in Plant Ecology with emphasis upon ordination and sampling
techniques as an aid to plant community description.
Advanced Taxonomy 1.442
Dr. R. Longton conducted a weekend course during which
intensive collecting of critical groups from a range of habitats
was undertaken. The collections were for analysis later in the term.
Marsh Ecology 1.721
The Marsh Ecology course spent a weekend at the Station
with Drs. J. M. Stewart and J. M. Walker, and examined the plant
communities =rom the lakeshore to the forested ridge and from the
wet meadow to the marsh. Materials were collected for plant and soil
analysis, calorific determinations, etc.
Visitors
We had the pleasure of visits from members of a number
of other Universities and institutions: Dr. T. Pritchard (Nature
Conservancy, U.K.), Dr. D. Bellamy (Durham), Dr. L. Rudescu (Bucharest,
Rumania), Dr. K. Patalas (Freshwater Institute), Dr. Bilden (Macdonald
College), Dr. D. Pimlott (Toronto), Dr. G. Ross (Southern), the members
of the Board of Trustees of the North American Wildlife Foundation,
Dr. B. Kendrick (Waterloo), Miss V. Humphreys (National Museum, Ottawa)
Miss M. Dwyer (National Parks, Ottawa), Mr. E. Carp (International Wildlife
Research Bureau), Dr. A. Johnson (Hendrix College), the members of the
11th Delta Waterfowl Research Station Seminar, Dr. G. MacLachlan (McGill),
Dr. J. Burnett (Glasgow), Dr. H. Dale (Guelph).
Special Events
There were three events worthy of special mention. On
August 14th, Dr. H. H. Saunderson officially opened the new laboratories
at the Station, when we were happy to be joined by friends from the
University, Provincial Government and others. A tour of the facilities
and displays by graduate students helped to make the day a memorable
one.
The Biology Division Picnic in July was the occasion for
a gathering of more than eighty for a beach celebration which became
the merrier when driven indoors by rain.
Perhaps the marathon social event was a barbeque supper
for the 128 participants at the International Coregonid Conference on
August 27th, accompanied by suitable musical revelry.
3 Buildings
During the winter and spring two cottages were built
east of Mallard Lodge and Murrays Cottage was renovated . The transformation
of the latter was completed with the assistance of graduate students
armed with paint brushes and permitted the building to be used for the
Archaeology Field Course. The Bell House was converted into a laboratory
by Dr. Robinson and Dennis Brown. However, despite this increase in
facilities, the basement of the lodge was in constant use as a laboratory.
A site plan and survey was prepared during September to enable future
expansion to take place on an orderly basis.
I would like to express appreciation for the efforts the
Provincial Government made to acquire for the Field Station two housing
units from the Macdonald Airfield. These will be brought to Delta during
the winter and will provide the laboratory and living accommodation which
is essential if an expanding programme of research and teaching is to
be carried out at the Field Station.
General
We are grateful for the opportunities afforded to us to use
the Bell Estate for various projects and for the friendly co-operation
extended to us by the members of the Delta Waterfowl Research Station.
Thanks are also due to the Portage Country Club for allowing us to use
their property for study' purposes.
To all departments of the Provincial Government upon whose
jurisdiction we impinge, warm thanks are extended for their many
kindnesses.
I would like to thank all the staff for their help during
the season and look forward to an even more successful year in 1970
Modulation of the wall-heat transfer in turbulent thermomagnetic convection by magnetic field gradients
No full textWe present combined experimental and numerical studies of the heat transfer of paramagnetic or diamagnetic fluid inside a differentially heated cubical enclosure subjected to the magnetic field gradients of different strength and orientation. In contrast to the previously reported studies in literature, which observed solely laminar flow regimes, here we focused on the fully developed turbulent flow regimes. That was possible by using a combination of the state-of-art superconducting magnets (with a strength up to 10 T and magnetic field gradients up to 900 T/m) and by selecting various paramagnetic or diamagnetic working fluids (in a range of Pr). Detailed comparison between experiments (integral wall-heat transfer, temperature time-series at different locations within the enclosure) and direct numerical simulations (DNS) are performed and generally very good agreements are obtained in predicting the integral heat transfer. In addition, analysis of the long-term averaged first- and second-moments of velocity and thermal fields is performed. Finally, budgets of the turbulent kinetic energy and of the temperature variance are analyzed and the mean mechanism of the thermal plume reorganization in terms of the proper-orthogonal decomposition (POD) modes is presented
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
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