1,720,962 research outputs found
Extraction of bioactive polyphenols with high antioxidant activity from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) processing waste
Get PDFBioactive polyphenols were extracted from the peel fraction of bilberry processing waste using aqueous ethanol as solvent. A response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effects of liquid-to-solid ratio (R), solvent composition (C), extraction time (E) and temperature (T) on the extraction yield. The following optimal conditions were determined: R = 30 mL/g, C = 57%, E = 160 min, T = 40 °C. Phenolic extracts with a polyphenol content of 83.75 ± 4.16 mg GAE/g and an antioxidant activity of 7.64 ± 0.43 mmol TE/g were also produced using a batch extractor operating under optimal process conditions
Design space of the formulation process of a food suspension by D-optimal mixture experiment and functional data analysis
No full textFunctional data analysis (FDA) was applied to a D-optimal mixture design for the formulation process of a food suspension. The design included two functional responses characterizing the solid particle size distribution and the flow behaviour, namely oversize vs. class size and apparent viscosity vs. shear rate, and three components (flour, lipidic phase and icing sugar). The functional responses were transformed, smoothed through B-spline approximation, and subjected to functional principal component analysis (FPCA). The first component of the FPCA analysis explained about 99% and 88.5% of the variance for the oversize and apparent viscosity, respectively, and greatly simplified the interpretation of the system behaviour. The corresponding scores were regressed as a function of the component proportions through response surface models and used to build a final model for the functional responses. The developed models were able to predict both the oversize and apparent viscosity curves as a function of suspension composition and allowed to develop the design space of the process. FDA combined with design of experiments (DOE) offer an efficient and easy to use strategy to model particle size distribution functions and apparent viscosity curves of food suspensions as a function of formulation variables
Optimal design of experiments for parameter identification in electrodialysis models
Get PDFThe Nernst-Planck approach, previously used to model the electrodialytic recovery of uni-, di or tri-valent electrolytes, was used to accomplish the desalination of concentrated brines with an initial NaCl concentration up to 4.6 kmol m(-3). The complexity of the proposed model is such that an extensive experimentation is required for a statistically sound estimation of the relevant model parameters, including solute (t(B)) and water (t(w)) transport numbers through the ion-selective membranes; solute (L-B) and water (L-w) transport rate by diffusion; average electro-membrane resistance (R). A model-based design of experiments (MBDoE) approach is proposed in this paper to minimise the number of trials and resources required for model identification. The use of this approach in an experimental case study allowed for a dramatic reduction of the experimentation time from 1080 min (corresponding to a classical experimentation with multiple batch desalination trials) to 30-60min corresponding to a single optimal batch desalination experiment. The results obtained show the potential of MBDoE for quick development and assessment of electrodialysis models, where highly predictive capability can be achieved with the minimum experimental time and waste of resources
Effect of refining degree on particle size, sensory and rheological characteristics of anhydrous paste for ice creams produced in industrial stirred ball mill
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Advancements in food science for Phenylketonuria (PKU) management: a comprehensive review
No full text: This review systematically explores the pivotal role of food science and technology as a support for Phenylketonuria (PKU) dietary management. It delves into the genetic and metabolic underpinnings of PKU, highlighting the crucial need for stringent dietary regulation to manage phenylalanine levels and mitigate neurological complications. Through bibliometric analysis and current product evaluations, it identifies trends in PKU food research, emphasizing recent innovations in food formulations such as glycomacropeptide (GMP) supplements and higher appealing low-phenylalanine food products. Furthermore, it accentuates the sensory and consumer aspects of PKU dietary solutions, underscoring the importance of palatability for adherence. Notably, the review introduces 3D food printing as an emerging technology for creating personalized, nutrient-optimized, and sensory-appealing foods for PKU patients, offering a new horizon in dietary management. This comprehensive assessment underscores the dynamic interplay between nutritional science, food technology, and sensory evaluation in improving the quality of life for individuals with PKU
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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