1,720,980 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Optimisation of retroviral supernatant production conditions for the genetic modification of human CD34+ cells
No full textBACKGROUND:
Clinically applicable protocols for ex vivo modification of human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells rely on incubation of the target cell with supernatant containing recombinant retroviral particles. Although components of the supernatant may have a profound impact on both preclinical and clinical outcome, to date supernatant production has not been properly addressed with regard to CD34+ cells. We wanted to investigate and optimise production conditions for this target using simple, reproducible and clinically applicable procedures and reagents.
METHODS:
Retroviral supernatant was obtained from producer cell GP+Am12 under various production conditions and tested for bulk transduction efficiency and endpoint titre on murine and human cell lines. Gene transfer efficiency into CD34+ cells from mobilised peripheral blood, after a single exposure to retroviral supernatant, was measured by transgene expression, colony forming assay and long-term culture colony forming assay.
RESULTS:
Bulk gene transfer or endpoint titre values obtained on cell lines for the different production conditions were not predictive of gene transfer efficiency into hematopoietic progenitors. Time of virus production appeared to have the greatest impact on gene transfer, peaking at 6 h and decreasing 2-3-fold at longer time points. Neither the culture vessel used nor the temperature for virus production had any significant effect on gene transfer into CD34+ cells. Supernatant could be produced under defined serum-free conditions as efficiently as serum containing conditions for CD34+ cell gene transfer.
CONCLUSIONS:
The present data provide important implications for the establishment of quality controls for small- and large-scale clinical grade supernatant production for gene transfer into human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Gene therapy for adenosine deaminase deficiency
No full textPURPOSE OF REVIEW:
Gene therapy for severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency has moved from the early trials of safety and feasibility to recent studies demonstrating efficacy and clinical benefit. This review describes the latest advances in gene therapy trials for this condition using peripheral blood lymphocytes or hematopoietic progenitors.
RECENT FINDINGS:
In the first patients with severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency treated with peripheral blood lymphocytes, transduced T cells have been shown to persist for over 10 years, expressing transgenic adenosine deaminase, but the therapeutic effect of gene therapy remained difficult to assess because of the concomitant treatment with bovine adenosine deaminase conjugated to polyethylene-glycol (PEG-ADA). A recent report showed that discontinuation of PEG-ADA resulted in a strong selective advantage of gene corrected T cells associated with restoration of T cell functions and antibody responses to neoantigen, but incomplete correction of the metabolic defect. Follow-up studies in patients treated with engineered hematopoietic progenitors in the early trials revealed low marking levels of long-term living progenitors and limited clinical effect. Recently, an improved gene transfer protocol in bone marrow CD34+ cells combined with low-dose busulfan resulted in multilineage, stable engraftment of transduced progenitors at substantial levels, restoration of immune functions, correction of the adenosine deaminase metabolic defect, and proven clinical benefit, in the absence of PEG-ADA. Overall, no adverse effect or toxicity has been observed in patients treated with adenosine deaminase gene transfer in mature lymphocytes or hematopoietic progenitors.
SUMMARY:
Gene transfer in hematopoietic stem cells combined with nonmyeloablative conditioning is efficacious and might be extended to the treatment of other inherited and acquired disorders of the hematopoietic system
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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