1,721,004 research outputs found
Promoting Sustainable Development through Carbon Trade and CO, Sequestration: The Case of Humbo Assisted Natural Regeneration Project in Southwestern Ethiopia
Get PDFEthiopia being a developing country and a signalory to the KyolO Protocol has ahigh potential for gaining Carbon Credits through the implementation of CleanDevelopment Mechanism (CDM) projects. The Humbo Assisted NaturalRegeneration Project is already developed and registered under the CDM scheme.The objective oftlris study is to assess the trends of the CDM carbon sequestrationproject and its contribution to sustainable development in southern Ethiopia.Selected sllstainable development indicators Ihat include environmental, economicand social categories were used for the evaluation of the project perfonnance.Data were collected using household survey (l00 households) and key infonnaminterviews. Afour-poim Likert scale questionnaire was IIsed to collect data with a0.85 level of Cronbach 's alpha coefficient. Most environmental indicators evafllated have shown a Significant improvement. All the economic indicatorsassessed including household income, employment opportunities, technologicaltransfers have also shown improvemem. This also holds true for most assessedsocial indicators: property rights clarification, community participation, andcapacity building. Exceptions are women's participation, distribution of benefitsand costs in Ihe cooperatives, and agreement on carbon trade income distribution.The Humbo Project has opened up an opportunity to promote sustainabledevelopment while there is a challenge of integrating it with the socio-economicand political context of the country. Hence, clarifying and mainstreaming theissues surrounding CDM and sllstainable developmenl in the Ethiopian context arefound to be of great importance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Socioeconomic Drivers of Land Use and Land Cover Change in Western Ethiopia
No full textA variety of socioeconomic and environmental drivers have contributed to changes in LULC around the world in recent years. This study examines the socioeconomic drivers that accelerated LULC in western Ethiopia. The data were generated from terrestrial satellite images primary and secondary sources. Primary data sources include household surveys, field observations, group discussions, interviews, key informants, and interpreting remote sensing data. Secondary data were reviewed mainly from relevant literature both published and unpublished materials. Landsat images were classified using the supervised classification technique and maximum likelihood classifier using arc GIS 10.3 to create LULC maps of the study area. Accuracy score and kappa coefficient were used to confirm the accuracy of the classified LULC, and agricultural land, settlement, bare land, forest land, and water body were the main LULC classes in the district. Forest cover in three decades (1990–2020) in the study area decreased from 12.1% in 1990 to 2.6% in 2020. The data were also analyzed using a descriptive model, Pearson correlation, and binary logistic regression. The independent variables (age and gender) show a Pearson’s positive correlation with the drivers of LULC dynamics; that is, as these independent variables increase, the drivers of LULC dynamics also increase, whereas educational status and land holding size show a negative correlation. This shows that the drivers of the anthropogenic forces of LULC dynamics decreased as the number of educated populations and the size of land holdings increased, and vice versa. Then, the binary logistic regression model examined the relationship between the dependent and the major socioeconomic (independent) variables. Logistic regression was performed to determine how independent variables and the drivers of LULC (natural forces or anthropogenic forces) change and the model was statistically significant (x2 = 23.971, df = 5, P < 0.001). The model explained 13.9% (Nagelkerke R2) of the variance in the drivers of LULC dynamics and correctly classified 66.1% of the cases. The study found that age, gender, and educational status largely determine the drivers of LULC dynamics and have the greatest chance of determining the anthropogenic forces. Therefore, relevant stakeholders should take integrated measures to reduce the drivers of LULC dynamics through landscape restoration
Analysis of Forest Cover Change in the Southwest Ethiopia: Key Drivers, Impacts, and Conservation Implications
No full textForest cover changes in southwest Ethiopia have significant social and environmental implications. This study explored the primary drivers and effects of forest cover changes from 1986 to 2019 in the region. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining socioeconomic data, geospatial data, and both global and locally adapted ecosystem services value (ESV) coefficients. The findings indicated a significant decline in forest cover attributed to its conversion to human-modified land types, with approximately 87.3 percent of respondents acknowledging this reduction in the study area. The intricate factors driving forest cover changes include agricultural expansion, population growth, land grabbing, fuelwood collection, and illegal logging, highlighting the necessity for a multifaceted approach to tackle these challenges. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that various sociodemographic factors significantly influenced (p<0.05) respondents’ perceptions regarding the drivers of forest cover change. The ESV over three timeframes indicated a decrease from around US172.81 million, equating to a total loss of approximately 23.79%. The ESV of shrublands fell by 46.35%, wetlands by 32.63%, dense forests by 23.77%, and open forests by 17.29% during the evaluation period. In contrast, cropland rose by 38.06% and agroforestry by 20.03%. Significant ecosystem services, like water supply and disturbance regulation, faced reductions of over 30%. Correlation analysis reveals that forest conservation strategies are linked to the drivers of deforestation, suggesting that integrated approaches can mitigate deforestation and promote sustainable resource management. Positive attitudes toward afforestation, enhanced enforcement, community forest management, and improved agricultural practices highlight opportunities for collaborative conservation efforts. Achieving sustainable conservation requires increased community engagement and governance, along with comprehensive policies to address changes in forest cover and their impacts on ecosystem services
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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