1,720,999 research outputs found
Single Firms and Competitive Advantage: Context Analysis Identifying the Embeddedness of a Winery in the Hunter Valley
No full textIn recent years the term cluster has been widely used among researchers,\ud
practitioners and politicians. Clusters are found in various countries, e.g., watch\ud
clusters in Switzerland, automotive clusters in Germany as well as wine clusters in\ud
Australia. The current debate focusing on the benefits of globalisation contrasted\ud
with the importance of localisation through regions and business clusters is reflected\ud
in the media coverage of the topic (e.g., Economist, December 1, 2007).\ud
The presence of local clusters and the simultaneous development of a\ud
'globalised' world where distances are no longer an obstacle to inter-organisational\ud
relations due to information and communication technology and the opportunities to\ud
reach every part of the world in a relatively short time is seen as a paradox (e.g.,\ud
Porter, 1998, 2000). In theory, in global competition the role of the location should\ud
matter less. However, with regard to the relevance of clusters the opposite can be\ud
observed. Cluster development in recent years has increasingly become a relevant\ud
arena of public policy through attention to regional economic development\ud
initiatives. It is argued that attracting firms to clusters has positive effects for a\ud
whole region regarding the creation of jobs, higher purchasing power and other\ud
benefits of increased economic activity
Conceptualising clusters as overlapping value adding webs
No full textThis book series on research in international human resource management and strategy is designed to stimulate discussions on current developments in these disciplines. The scope of this series reflects the importance of the fields of strategy and human resource management in the international environment of a globalised world. Both fields have the potential to contribute essentially to the description and explanation of competitive advantage realisation, performance issues and to achieving other corporate goals and objectives. Therefore, these areas need attention in research as well as in practice. This series will focus on the latest research results in this field. This volume consists of concepts and cases from research in the field of industry clusters by different authors. The aim of this book is to undertake an in-depth exploration of the topic of industry clustering from both management and policy perspectives. The book examines clustering from the standpoint of the single firm in the cluster and, in so doing, derives a novel formulation of clusters as comprising single firms with surround-ing concomitant chains of relationships with suppliers, other similar firms and, institutions of government and its agencies. Because of the resources that then can be attributed to firms within the cluster, the resultant conceptualisation of industry clusters is called value adding webs. It is contended that these then develop as a series of overlapping value adding webs forming an industry cluster. The concept is elaborated and applied to different cluster cases in this book
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Les conséquences de la gestion des talents dans les entreprises multinationales : une perspective multi-niveaux
No full textLa gestion des talents est une thématique de recherche relativement récente, mais elle est d’une importance considérable pour les firmes multinationales. Peu de recherches empiriques analysent l’impact des programmes de gestion exclusive des talents, ciblant un segment de main d’œuvre considéré comme plus performant ou à meilleur potentiel afin de les attirer, les développer et les retenir dans l’entreprise. La présente thèse analyse les conséquences des programmes de gestion exclusive des talents à différents niveaux : l’individu, le groupe et l’organisation. Nous mobilisons différents cadres théoriques pour répondre à ces questions de recherche. Nous avons mené trois études distinctes reposant sur des données qualitatives et quantitatives recueillies dans deux firmes multinationales. Au niveau individuel, les résultats de la thèse montrent l’impact des programmes de gestion des talents sur la carrière individuelle des employés. Au niveau du groupe d’employés, les pratiques de gestion des talents favorisent l’émergence d’un sous-groupe ayant les mêmes attitudes et comportements, et qui constitue une élite organisationnelle. Enfin, au niveau de l’organisation, nous analysons comment ces programmes peuvent favoriser la rétention des futurs dirigeants de l’entreprise, et quelles peuvent être les autres conséquences positives ou négatives de l’émergence d’une élite organisationnelle.Talent management is a relatively recent field of research, but appears as crucial for multinational companies. Few studies analyze the consequences of exclusive talent management practices.Exclusive talent management focuses on the attraction, development and retention of one segment of employees, those with better potential or performance. This doctoral dissertation aims at analyzing its outcomes at several levels: the individual, the group and the organization. We build on several theoretical frameworks to answer our research questions. We conducted three distinct studies, based on qualitative and quantitative data, collected in two multinational companies. At the individual level,the results show the impact of talent management practices on the career of employees. At the group level, we show how exclusive talent management shapes a sub-group of employees with common attitudes and behaviors, who build an organizational elite. At the organizational level, we analyze how these programs can contribute to the retention of the future leaders and what other positive or negative consequences talent management can have
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