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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Mid- to long-term clinical and radiological outcome after conservative treatment of acute, first-time posterior shoulder dislocations
Get PDFHintergrund
Ein erstmaliges nach hinten gerichtetes Luxationsereignis der Schulter kann zu Defekten an gelenkbeteiligten Strukturen führen. Eine konservative, nicht chirurgische Therapie einer solchen Verletzung ist möglich. Deren Erfolg hängt jedoch maßgeblich von bestimmten Patientencharakteristika und dem Ausmaß der strukturellen Schäden ab. Klinische und radiologische Referenzwerte existieren bisher nicht in der Literatur.
Methodik
Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven, multizentrischen Studie wurden insgesamt 28 Patientinnen und Patienten (29 Schultern) mit initial konservativem Therapieansatz und vorhandener posttraumatischer Schnittbildgebung nach einem durchschnittlichen Nachbeobachtungszeitraum von 8,3 ± 2,7 Jahren nachuntersucht. Die betroffene Schulter wurde klinisch und radiologisch analysiert und schulterspezifische Scores wurden erhoben. Strukturelle knöcherne Schäden wurden vermessen. Die Patientenkohorte wurde entsprechend dem Erfolg bzw. Misserfolg der initial konservativen Therapie in Subgruppen unterteilt. Korrelationen mit Parametern für den Misserfolg des konservativen Therapieansatzes wurden berechnet.
Ergebnisse
69% der in die Studie eingeschlossenen Patientinnen und Patienten konnten erfolgreich konservativ therapiert werden. Während des Nachbeobachtungszeitraumes wurde bei sechs Schultern (21%) eine erneute Luxation verzeichnet. Aufgrund persistierender Beschwerden im betroffenen Gelenk mussten insgesamt 9 Schultern (31%) im Verlauf sekundär operativ versorgt werden.
Die Analyse der strukturellen Defekte zeigte bei Betrachtung von Lage und Größe (Gamma-Winkel) der verletzungsverursachten Impressionsfraktur am Oberarmkopf bei Patientinnen und Patienten, die im Verlauf operativ versorgt werden mussten, eine größere Ausdehnung als in der erfolgreich konservativ therapierten Subgruppe (97,8 ± 7,2°, vs. 93,3 ± 9,7°, p=0,09), jedoch ohne statistische Signifikanz zu erreichen. Bei beiden Patientensubgruppen, bei denen die initial konservative Therapie nicht erfolgreich war, zeigte sich ein angepasster Gamma-Winkel > 90°. Eine vermehrte posttraumatische posteriore Dezentrierung des Gelenkes konnte in der Reluxation-Subgruppe - verglichen mit der Patientengruppe ohne Reluxationen - beobachtet werden (61,9 ± 12,5% vs. 50,6 ± 6,4%, p=0,05). Das Ausmaß der posttraumatischen Dezentrierung korrelierte innerhalb der erfolgreich konservativ therapierten Patientenkohorte mit einer schlechteren follow-up Beurteilung der Schulter mittels WOSI Score (p=0,02) und einer ausgeprägteren follow-up posterioren Dezentrierung (p=0,007). Des Weiteren wurde innerhalb dieser Subgruppe ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen höherem Alter zum Zeitpunkt des Auftretens der Verletzung und besseren klinischen Scores im Verlauf (SSV: p=0,02; ROWE: p=0,035 und WOSI: p=0,045) beobachtet.
Schlussfolgerung
Eine erstmalige hintere Schulterluxation kann mit guten klinischen Ergebnissen im mittel- und langfristigen Verlauf konservativ therapiert werden. Prädiktoren für einen erfolgreichen konservativen Therapieansatz sind ein mittleres bis hohes Alter zum Zeitpunkt des erstmaligen Luxationsereignisses, ein posttraumatisch glenohumeral zentriertes Schultergelenk und ein kleiner Gamma-Winkel der Impressionsfraktur.A first-time posterior shoulder dislocation can lead to structural defects at joint building structures. A conservative, non-surgical treatment is possible. However, its success
depends on certain patients’ characteristics and the extent of structural defects. Clinical and radiological reference values have not yet been defined.
Methods
In the context of a multi-centric retrospective study, 29 shoulders in 28 patients with an
initial conservative treatment approach and posttraumatic cross-sectional imaging were examined after a mean follow-up of 8.3 ± 2.7 years. The affected shoulder was clinically and radiologically analysed and shoulder specific outcome scores were obtained.
Structural bone defect characteristics were measured and objectified. Patients were split
into subgroups based on the success of the initial conservative therapy. Associations with
parameter indicating failure of treatment were calculated.
Results
A success rate of 69% amongst all patients with a conservative therapy approach was
seen at mid- to long-term follow up. During follow-up a redislocation was noted in 6
shoulders (21%). Due to persistent symptoms, 9 shoulders (31%) had to undergo
secondary surgery. Analysis of measured structural defects with regards to size and localization (gamma-angle) of the injury caused impression fracture at the humeral head revealed increased values in patients who needed secondary surgery during follow-up
period compared to successfully conservatively treated patients (97.8 ± 7.2° vs. 93.3 ± 9.7°, p=0.09), without reaching statistical significance. Both subgroups labeled as
failure of conservative therapy showed an adapted gamma angle > 90°. A higher posterior
glenohumeral subluxation was noted in the redislocation subgroup - compared to the noredislocation group (61.9 ± 12.5% vs. 50.6 ± 6.4%, p=0.05). The extent of posttraumatic
posterior glenohumeral subluxation correlated with a worse follow-up assessment of the
affected shoulder via WOSI (p=0.02) and follow-up posterior glenohumeral decentering (p=0.007) within the successfully conservatively treated patient subgroup. Furthermore, a significant correlation between an older age at the time of initial dislocation as well as
better clinical scores (SSV: p=0.02; ROWE: p=0.035 and WOSI: p=0.045) was seen within this subgroup.
Conclusion
A first-time posterior shoulder dislocation can be treated conservatively with good
outcome after mid- and long-term follow-up. Predictors of a successful conservative therapy are a middle to old age at the time of initial dislocation, a centered joint after injury
and a small gamma angle of the impression fracture
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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