1,721,105 research outputs found
Can the "right" EGFR-specific mAb dramatically improve EGFR-targeted therapy?
No full textEGF receptor (EGFR)-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) display limited therapeutic efficacy in EGFR-positive solid tumors. To overcome this limitation, the significant improvement of the antibodydependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity-mediated antitumor activity of a novel EGFR-specific mAb is described. Its potential impact on the efficacy of immunotherapy for EGFR-positive solid tumors is discussed. © 2012 American Association for Cancer Research
Analysis of HLA antigen expression in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded astrocytic tumours.
No full textImmune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of melanoma
No full textIntroduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) based immunotherapy is dramatically changing the management of many types of cancers including melanoma. In this malignancy, ICIs prolong disease and progression-free survival as well as overall survival of a percentage of treated patients, becoming the cornerstone of melanoma treatment. Areas covered: In this review, first, we will describe the mechanisms of immune checkpoint activation and inhibition, second, we will summarize the results obtained with ICIs in melanoma treatment in terms of efficacy as well as toxicity, third, we will discuss the potential mechanisms of immune escape from ICI, and lastly, we will review the potential predictive biomarkers of clinical efficacy of ICI-based immunotherapy in melanoma. Expert opinion: ICIs represent one of the pillars of melanoma treatment. The success of ICI-based therapy is limited by the development of escape mechanisms, which allow melanoma cells to avoid recognition and destruction by immune cells. These results emphasize the need of additional studies to confirm the efficacy of therapies, which combine different classes of ICIs as well as ICIs with other types of therapies. Furthermore, novel and more effective predictive biomarkers are needed to better stratify melanoma patients in order to define more precisely the therapeutic algorithms
Evolution of studies of HLA class I antigen processing machinery (APM) components in malignant cells
No full textFollowing a description of the way studies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigen expression by tumor cells have evolved through the years, the literature related to the frequency of defects in HLA class I antigen processing machinery (APM) component expression in various types of malignancies is reviewed. In addition, the clinical significance of defects in HLA class I APM components as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms are described. Lastly, potential strategies to overcome the defects in HLAclass I APM component expression and function are discussed. The information presented indicates a revival of the interest in the characterization of HLA class I APM component expression by tumor cells since these molecules may play an important role in the outcome of immunotherapy with inhibitory checkpoint molecule-specific monoclonal antibodies in patients with malignant disease. Furthermore, they may represent a useful prognostic biomarker to select patients who might benefit from these types of immunotherapy
Abstract 4741: Inhibition of TNBC cell growth by CSPG4-specific mAb 225.28 with a Sonic Hedgehog pathway inhibitor
No full textDetection of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) in melanoma
No full textThe tumor antigen chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) appears to be a useful biomarker to identify melanoma cells and an attractive target to apply antibody-based immunotherapy for the treatment of melanoma. Here we described the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method and the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining method to detect the expression of CSPG4 in melanoma cells and tissues. © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014
ANTIBODIES TO ENDOPLASMIN AND THEIR USE
No full textIsolated monoclonal antibodies are disclosed herein that specifically bind endoplasmin. In some embodiments these antibodies are fully human. Recombinant nucleic acids encoding these antibodies, expression vectors including these nucleic acids, and host cells transformed with these expression vectors are also disclosed herein. In several embodiments the disclosed antibodies are of use for detecting and/or treating tumors that express endoplasmin, such as melanoma, breast cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, renal cancer, lung cancer, glioma, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer or pancreatic cancer. In one example, the tumor is a melanoma
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