1,721,052 research outputs found
Dietary supplementation of inorganic, organic, and fatty acids in pig: A review
Full text linkReduction of antibiotic use has been a hot topic of research over the past decades. The European ban on growth‐promoter use has increased the use of feed additivities that can enhance animal growth performance and health status, particularly during critical and stressful phases of life. Pig farming is characterized by several stressful periods, such as the weaning phase, and studies have suggested that the proper use of feed additives during stress could prevent disease and enhance performance through modulation of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa and microbiome. The types of feed additive include acids, minerals, prebiotics, probiotics, yeast, nucleotides, and phytoproducts. This review focuses on commonly used acids, classified as inorganic, organic, and fatty acids, and their beneficial and potential effects, which are widely reported in the bibliography. Acids have long been used as feed acidifiers and preservatives, and were more recently introduced into feed formulated for young pigs with the goal of stabilizing the stomach pH to offset their reduced digestive capacity. In addition, some organic acids represent intermediary products of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and thus could be considered an energy source. Moreover, antimicrobial properties have been exploited to modulate microbiota populations and reduce pathogenic bacteria. Given these potential benefits, organic acids are no longer seen as simple acidifiers, but rather as growth promoters and potential antibiotic substitutes owing to their beneficial action on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
Single-needle temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis with hyaluronic acid injections. Preliminary data after a five-injection protocol
No full textAIM: The classical technique for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrocentesis provides a double access to the joint space, which may lead to patient's postoperatory discomfort. For this reason, a less invasive, single-needle approach has been recently described, and the present investigation reports findings on a case series of patients with TMJ osteoarthritis treated with hyaluronic acid injections following a single needle arthrocentesis. METHODS. Fourteen consecutive patients with a diagnosis of TMJ osteoarthritis according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporo-mandibular Disorders were treated with a cycle of five weekly injections of hyaluronic acid after arthrocentesis. A number of subjective (pain at rest and mastication, masticatory efficiency, functional limitation, subjective efficacy of treatment, tolerability of treatment) and objective (maximum assisted and unassited mouth opening, protrusive and laterotrusive movements) outcome variables were assessed before and after the treatment period. RESULTS: At the end of the five-injection protocol, significant improvements were showed in almost all the subjective outcome variables. Tolerability of the treatment was good on a four-point ordinal scale since the time of the first injection. CONCLUSIONS: The present investigation suggested that the single needle technique for TMJ hyaluronic injection following arthrocentesis in osteoarthritic joints may have promising applications in the clinical setting, which have to be confirmed with future studies
Short-term effects of arthrocentesis plus viscosupplementation in the management of signs and symptoms of painful TMJ disc displacement with reduction. A pilot study.
No full text
Mielolipomatosi: Presentazione di un caso a localizzazione mandibolare
No full textIl Mielolipoma consiste in un raro tumore benigno che colpisce, nella maggior parte dei casi, il surrene.Data, quindi, tale assoluta maggior incidenza, abbiamo ritenuto lecito e necessario far riferimento, nella successiva descrizione anche extra-surrenalica di tali forme, a questa prima, relativamente più folta, messe di dati, fatte salve le diversità, supposte o reali, che tra i due gruppi esistono.La Mielolipomatosi non deve essere considerata un esempio di displasia, bensì, più benignamente, di metaplasia-amartoma.E' quindi ovvio come, al cospetto di un processo espansivo di siffatta natura, si imponga la necessità di una diagnosi certa, gravida di conseguenze cliniche e terapeutiche, le quali, poi, si estrinsecheranno anche in funzione del sito anatomico colpito.Gli autori, sulla base dei vari aspetti pato-fisiologici di queste forme, hanno elaborato un protocollo diagnostico cui succede un momento terapeutico che, nel nostro ambito, deve essere attivo e non imperniato su una strategia permanente di "attesa".Inoltre riteniamo che, dallo studio della Mielolipomatosi, emerga sempre più lecita l'ipotesi tesa a considerare la forma patologica presa in esame come un'entità non troppo discosta da ciò che l'organismo, nel suo insieme e con le sue logiche, può attuare come reazione ad un evento stressigeno opportuno e perdurante nel tempo.
PMID: 146123
Coronoid hyperplasia. A case report.
No full textCoronoid hyperplasia is a rare condition which is macroscopically characterized by an increase in the dimensions of the coronoid process resulting from an abnormal bony elongation of histologically normal bone. Unilateral cases are more frequent than bilateral ones and can recognize a number of etiological factors, such as exostoses, osteochondroma, traumatic events, inflammatory reactions, neoplasia and manifestations secondary to other pathologies. Etiopathogenesis of bilateral forms has not yet been clarified: in the literature hints to both developmental and endocrine abnormalities are present, and a familiar pattern of inheritance has been evidenced. The poor specificity of signs and symptoms associated with coronoid hyperplasia, which are similar to those of other more frequent forms of temporomandibular disorders, present some problems of differential diagnosis. An accurate assessment must be based on a clinical and anamnestical approach aiming at the identification of pathognomonic clinical symptoms. Considering its limits (such as the possible presence of artefacts and image distortions), orthopantomography has a poor diagnostic usefulness. In this case, magnetic resonance (MR) allowed to evaluate disk-condyle relationship, but it could be also useful to evaluate post-operative complications. In the case of coronoid hyperplasia, the computed tomography (CT) is fundamental for a correct differential diagnosis. CT also allows surgical planning due to its accuracy to detect coronoid process volume and morphology. The present case report is an example of the need for a correct differential diagnosis between the different types of temporomandibular disorders, and it also lends support to the importance of requesting modern imaging techniques during the diagnostic process of the rare or complex cases
L’artrocentesi con e senza farmaci aggiuntivi nel trattamento dei processi infiammatori e degenerativi dell’articolazione temporo-mandibolare: studio clinico-sperimentale
No full textPredictive Value of Combined Clinically Diagnosed Bruxism and Occlusal Features For TMJ Pain
No full textSeveral works showed a decreased role for occlusion in the etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Nonetheless, it may be hypothesized that occlusion acts as a modulator through which bruxism activities may cause damage to the stomatognathic structures. To test this hypothesis, a logistic regression model was created with the inclusion of clinically diagnosed bruxism and eight occlusal features as potential predictors for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain in a sample of 276 consecutive TMD patients. The final logit showed that the percentage of the total log likelihood for TMJ pain explained by the significant factors was small and amounted to 13.2%, with unacceptable levels of sensitivity (16.4%). The parameters overbite >= 4 mm combined with clinically diagnosed bruxism [OR (odds ratio) 4.62], overjet >= 5 mm (OR 2.83), and asymmetrical molar relationship combined with clinically diagnosed bruxism (OR 2.77) were those with the highest odds for disease, even though none of those values was significant with respect to confidence intervals. Thus, the hypothesis under evaluation has to be rejected. It is possible that future studies with a higher discriminatory power for the different bruxism activities might be indicated to get deeper into the analysis of the potential mechanisms through which occlusion may play a role, even if small, in the etiology of the different TMD
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