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Normatifitas perjanjian pranikah dalam membentuk keluarga Sakinah
Get PDFABSTRAK
Penelitian ini membahas tentang normatifitas perjanjian pranikah dalam membentuk keluarga sakinah, yang merupakan bagian dari upaya preventif dalam mengatur hak dan kewajiban suami istri sebelum memasuki kehidupan rumah tangga. Dalam konteks hukum Islam dan hukum positif Indonesia, perjanjian pranikah sering kali dianggap sebagai bentuk antisipasi terhadap kemungkinan terjadinya konflik dalam pernikahan. Penelitian ini menelaah sejauh mana perjanjian pranikah dapat menjadi instrumen normatif yang tidak hanya sah secara hukum, tetapi juga selaras dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum islam, khususnya dalam menjaga ketertiban rumah tangga dan mewujudkan keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah, dan rahmah.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data primer diperoleh dari peraturan perundang-undangan, pendapat para ulama fikih, dan dokumen-dokumen hukum terkait perjanjian pranikah, sedangkan sumber data sekunder berasal dari literatur akademik, jurnal, dan hasil penelitian terdahulu. Teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dengan metode deskriptif-analitis, guna mengkaji relevansi normatif perjanjian pranikah dalam perspektif hukum Islam dan hukum positif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas ulama membolehkan perjanjian pranikah selama isinya tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip dasar syariat, seperti keadilan, musyawarah, dan sesuai dengan tujuan pernikahan, yaitu membentuk keluarga sakinah. Secara normatif, perjanjian pranikah memiliki nilai preventif dan konstruktif dalam menjaga keharmonisan rumah tangga serta menghindari perselisihan di kemudian hari. Oleh karena itu, perjanjian pranikah dipandang sebagai salah satu bentuk ihtiyath (kehati-hatian) dalam membina keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah, dan rahmah, selama disusun dengan itikad baik dan saling pengertian.
ABSTRACT
This study discusses the normativity of prenuptial agreements in establishing a sakinah family, as a preventive effort in regulating the rights and obligations of husband and wife prior to entering married life. Within the context of Islamic law and Indonesian positive law, prenuptial agreements are often perceived as anticipatory measures against potential conflicts in marriage. This research examines the extent to which prenuptial agreements can serve as normative instruments that are not only legally valid, but also aligned with the principles of Islamic law, particularly in maintaining household order and realizing a family that is sakinah, mawaddah, and rahmah.
The method used in this study is a normative juridical approach with a qualitative research type. Primary data sources are obtained from statutory regulations, the views of fiqh scholars, and legal documents related to prenuptial agreements, while secondary data sources come from academic literature, journals, and previous research. Data analysis is carried out through library research using descriptive-analytical methods to examine the normative relevance of prenuptial agreements in the perspective of Islamic law and positive law.
Research findings indicate that the majority of Islamic scholars permit prenuptial agreements, provided that their content does not contradict the fundamental principles of Sharia, such as justice, mutual consultation, and alignment with the objectives of marriage, namely the formation of a sakinah (tranquil) family. Normatively, prenuptial agreements hold both preventive and constructive value in maintaining household harmony and preventing future disputes. Therefore, prenuptial agreements are regarded as a form of ihtiyath (precaution) in building a family that embodies sakinah, mawaddah, and rahmah, as long as they are formulated with good faith and mutual understanding.
مستخلص البحث
تتناول هذه الدراسة موضوع نظامية الاتفاقية السابقة للزواج في تكوين الأسرة السكينة، باعتبارها إجراءً وقائياً لتنظيم الحقوق والواجبات بين الزوجين قبل الدخول في الحياة الزوجية. وفي سياق الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الوضعي الإندونيسي، تُعدّ الاتفاقية السابقة للزواج وسيلة استباقية لمواجهة النزاعات المحتملة في الحياة الزوجية. وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان مدى صلاحية الاتفاقية السابقة للزواج كأداة نظامية لا تتمتع بالشرعية القانونية فحسب، بل تتوافق أيضًا مع مبادئ الشريعة الإسلامية، لا سيما في الحفاظ على نظام الأسرة وتحقيق أسرة سكينة ومودة ورحمة.
تعتمد هذه الدراسة على منهج البحث القانوني النظري باستخدام أسلوب البحث النوعي. وتشمل مصادر البيانات الأولية: القوانين واللوائح الرسمية، وآراء فقهاء الشريعة، والوثائق القانونية المتعلقة بالاتفاقية السابقة للزواج. أما البيانات الثانوية، فتم الحصول عليها من الأدبيات الأكاديمية والمجلات العلمية والبحوث السابقة. وقد تم تحليل البيانات من خلال دراسة مكتبية باستخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي بهدف الكشف عن مدى أهمية الاتفاقية السابقة للزواج من الناحية النظامية في ضوء الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الوضعي.
تشير نتائج البحث إلى أن غالبية العلماء يجيزون الاتفاقيات السابقة للزواج ما دامت مضامينها لا تتعارض مع المبادئ الأساسية للشريعة، مثل العدل، والشورى، وتوافقها مع مقاصد الزواج، وهي تكوين أسرة سكنية. ومن الناحية المعيارية، فإن الاتفاقية السابقة للزواج تحمل قيمة وقائية وبنائية في الحفاظ على انسجام الأسرة وتفادي النزاعات في المستقبل. ولذلك تُعَدُّ الاتفاقية السابقة للزواج شكلاً من أشكال الاحتياط في بناء أسرة قائمة على السكينة والمودة والرحمة، ما دامت قد وُضِعَتْ بنيّة صادقة وتفاهم متبادل.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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