1,720,968 research outputs found
Competitività regionale, pratiche di gestione delle risorse umane e innovazione d’impresa a livello Europeo
No full textIl tema della competitività è un concetto complesso, il quale è influenzato da una molteplicità di fattori. A livello macro (i.e regioni) le determinanti risultano essere le caratteristiche socio-economiche territoriali, mentre a livello d’impresa uno dei fattori risulta essere la capacità sostenere ed aumentare la propria capacità innovativa, tramite la quale l’organizzazione riesce a permanere sul mercato. Il presente studio ha come obiettivo da una parte, analizzare la competitività territoriale ed in particolare la competitività regionale in Europa; dall’altra si concentra più nel dettaglio, analizzando sempre a livello Europeo, gli antecedenti dell’innovazione d’impresa, in particolare considerando le pratiche per la gestione delle risorse umane, la ricerca e sviluppo collaborativa e l’utilizzo di tecnologie digitali ed employee empowerment. In quadro Europeo è alla base della presente tesi, la quale mira ad affrontare queste tematiche attraverso in tre capitoli differenti.
Il primo capitolo, tramite dati provenienti dall’ EU Regional Competitiveness Index 2019, mira ad offrire un’analisi comparata della competitività regionale a livello Europeo, attraverso l’utilizzo di un metodo decisionale multi-criterio, volta a fornire una prospettiva nuova su concetti complessi e di difficile misurazione come la competitività regionale. L’analisi da una parte integra ed estende la letteratura esistente sulle metodologie di misurazione della competitività territoriale, dall’altra fornisce un quadro efficace della competitività regionale in Europa, tramite un approccio comparato, il quale può essere utile per decisori politici volti ad affrontare disparità regionali nel contesto Europeo.
Il secondo capitolo, utilizzando il database dell’European Company Survey (ECS) 2019, analizza tramite un modello di mediazione, come determinate pratiche per la gestione delle risorse umane possano promuovere la ricerca e sviluppo collaborativa tra le imprese e come quest’ultima, a sua volta influenza (ed incrementa) la probabilità di innovazione delle organizzazioni coinvolte in questo processo. Questa parte offre spunti di riflessione su come i managers possano aumentare la capacità di innovazione dell’impresa implementando quelle pratiche che promuovono l’innovazione collaborativa. Allo stesso tempo, cerca di dare risposta a livello empirico, ad una tematica attualmente dibattuta in letteratura, quella tra pratiche e innovazione collaborativa, su cui però sono presenti studi principalmente qualitativi.
Il terzo capitolo, sempre utilizzando i dati dell’ECS 2019, sposta l’attenzione, attraverso un modello di moderazione, su come le pratiche della gestione delle risorse umane possano avere un effetto differente rispetto a diverse tipologie di innovazioni radicali (prodotto, processo), anche tenendo in considerazione il livello di tecnologie digitali presenti nel contesto aziendale. Questa parte estende la letteratura esistente nell’analisi della relazione diretta tra pratiche a innovazioni radicali, oggi poco affrontata dagli studiosi. Allo stesso tempo considera un tema ‘caldo’ e molto dibattuto, su come le tecnologie digitali sul posto di lavoro possano influenzare le determinanti lavorative verso una maggiore innovazione radicale, anche grazie alla centralizzazione del potere decisionale.Competitiveness is a complex concept, which is influenced by a multiplicity of factors. At macro level (i.e. regions) the determinants are the socio-economic territorial characteristics, while at company level one of the factors is the capability of the firm to sustain and enhance its innovative capacity through which it can stay competitive on the market. The aim of the current study is on the one hand, the analysis of territorial competitiveness and specifically of regional competitiveness in Europe; on the other hand, it goes deeper by considering at European level, the antecedents of firm innovation, in particular human resource management practices, collaborative research and development as well as digital technologies and employee empowerment in the workplace. The European framework is chosen as a common background to address these topics in three different chapters.
The first chapter, by using data coming from the EU Regional Competitiveness Index (RCI) 2019, makes a comparative assessment of regional competitiveness at European level through a Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method, which offers a new perspective on complex concepts such as regional competitiveness, which are difficult to determine and measure. The current analysis on the one hand, integrates and extends the current literature on the methods that are relevant for measuring regional competitiveness; on the other hand, through a comparative approach it offers a fresh perspective on regional competitiveness at European level that could be useful for policy-makers addressing territorial disparities.
The second chapter, by using data coming from the European Company Survey (ECS) 2019, analyses though a mediation model, how human resource management practices may enhance collaborative research and development between firms and how this in turs, influences (and enhances) the probability to make innovations by the companies involved in the process. This part offers some interesting implications for managers on how increasing the innovative capacity of companies by investing in those practices that promote collaborative innovations. At the same time, the study tries to provide empirical answer to the relationship between practices and collaborative innovation, a topic which is currently debated but has been mainly addressed by qualitative studies so far.
The third chapter, by using the ECS dataset and by using a moderation model, drives the attention on how human resource management practices have different effects on different kinds of radical innovations (i.e. product and process innovation), by also taking into account the level of technological context complexity and employee empowerment in the workplace. This study extends the current literature on the effects of human resource practices on radical innovation, which is currently a gap in the literature. Moreover, it considers a “hot” and debated topic, which is how digital technologies shape and influence the determinants in the workplace toward greater radical innovation, also thanks to the interactive effect of the centralization of the decision-making process
Città industriale e sviluppo locale: Modena e Ivrea a confronto.
No full textThis paper analyses local development in Modena, with an economy based on SMEs, and Ivrea, dominated by one big company. The different industrial structures deeply affected urban development: the municipality of Modena created an “Artisan Neighbourhood” – special areas for SMEs – whereas Ivrea developed the “Industrial City” designed by Adriano Olivetti. In recent years, the formation of large brownfield sites have prompted important redevelopment projects in both cities
A TOPSIS analysis of regional competitiveness at European level
Full text linkPurpose : The measurement of regional competitiveness is becoming essential for policymakers to address territorial disparities, while considering the issue of correlations among indicators. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to measure regional competitiveness using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) by considering different distance measures and two levels of analysis to provide a comparative and comprehensive measurement of regional competitiveness in Europe.
Design/methodology/approach : The authors apply TOPSIS based on three different distance measures (the Manhattan, the Euclidean and the Mahalanobis distance measures) to the regions of the EU Regional Competitiveness Index (RCI) 2019, which is taken as the frame of reference.
Findings : The authors replicate the RCI by using TOPSIS with a less preferred choice of distance measure, indicating TOPSIS as a valuable method for policymakers in the analysis of regional competitiveness. The authors argue in favour of the Mahalanobis distance measure as the best of the three, as it considers correlations among macro-economic indicators.
Originality/value : This study aims to make three contributions. Firstly, by replicating the RCI by means of TOPSIS with a less preferred choice of distance measure, the paper provides a benchmark for future research on regional competitiveness. Secondly, by suggesting the use of TOPSIS with the use of the Mahalanobis distance measure, the authors show how to measure regional competitiveness by taking into account correlations among pillars. Thirdly, the authors argue in favour of considering clusters of regions when measuring regional competitiveness
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Erotic capital and employees’ happiness. Do other kinds of capital matter? An examination of the interaction effect on the Spanish workforce
No full textErotic capital is currently one of latest studies capital by researchers. In this extent, other kind of capitals such as social or human capital have much more investigated, especially in relation with happiness at work. However, some studies highlight how attractiveness and beauty are an intangible asset which should be taken into account for happiness promotion at work, especially in the private sector.
What is more, is that prior research highlights how an effect of a specific capital can be influenced by another kind of capital. In fact, contributions show how different capitals can interact by providing divergent effects on employees’ wellbeing. Nevertheless, surprisingly such kind of contributions are largely missing, especially those referred to employees’ happiness. Moreover, studies which consider erotic capital are almost absent. Therefore, it is important to better understand how the interaction between erotic capital and human or social capital can bring higher happiness in the workplace. While it is possible to hypothesize a positive interactive effect, recent contributions highlight how potential conflicting effect can be present. We use the Spain's General Social Survey (SGSS) carried out by the Center for Sociological Research of Spain to make a quantitative analysis through moderation regression models by using SPSS software and PROCESS package in a sample of more than 5.000 employees in Spain. Results highlights that erotic capital is an important asset to promote employees’ happiness at work. Moreover, those who experiment both erotic and social (or human capital) have higher levels of happiness. However, there are negative interactive effect between capitals, outlining potential conflicting outcomes. The results are important to understand the interactive (and conflicting) effect that different kind of capital can have on happiness. The current study fosters theoretical advancements on capitals and happiness at work, especially those referred to erotic capital, which is a current gap in the literature. Moreover, it outlines managerial recommendations in order to balance the presence of different capitals at work in order to understand and present conflicting effects. The main limitations are the cross-sectional of the dataset, as well as the context reference which is limited to the Spanish country
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