1,721,331 research outputs found
Antisense oligonucleotides and PNAs for sequence-specific regulation of gene expression
No full textIt has become increasingly clear in recent years that there are many possible regulatory steps in the pathway from gene to protein: chromatin conformation and transcriptional control; post-transcriptional regulation, particularly splicing, mRNA stability, nuclear cytoplasm transport of mRNAs, natural antisense transcripts; translational and post-translational control. Using antisense strategies it is possible to interfere with most of the regulatory mechanisms underlying gene expression both in embryonic and somatic cells. The specific gene inactivation in a particular cellular context is the necessary step to evaluate its possible biological function. Several different technical approaches based on different methodologies underlie antisense strategies. Among these, antisense oligonucleotides and peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are considered in this short review. In these experimental approaches it is essential to identify the target genes and the most suitable cellular system. In fact, gene inactivation in somatic cells allows us to study basic questions in cell biology, such as cell cycle regulation, differentiation apoptosis, cell activation, cellular transformation, without having to struggle with the complexities of animal models. We have studied the biological consequences of c-myb, c-fes and Bax genes inactivation in normal and leukemic myeloid cells and their possible therapeutic applications. New delivery systems, based on translocating peptides to efficiently penetrate the cells with antisense oligonucleotides, PNAs and biologically active peptides are also discussed
Pietro Facchetti ritrattista dei Gonzaga di Novellara
No full textSi indaga il Ritratto della famiglia di Alfonso Gonzaga di Novellara, da tempo attribuito al pittore mantovano Pietro Facchetti, attivo a Roma tra la fine del Cinquecento e gli inizi del Seicento. Si approfondiscono con nuovi argomenti le ragioni dell'attribuzione - mai attentamente vagliate e non da tutti accolte- e si discute di iconografia, costume, cronologia, committenza, destinazione approdando ad un'interpretazione rinnovata e più fondata del quadro
Serum neurofilament light chain studies in neurological disorders, hints for interpretation
No full text[no abstract available
HCV-related central and peripheral nervous system demyelinating disorders.
No full textChronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is associated with a large spectrum of extrahepatic manifestations (EHMs), mostly immunologic/rheumatologic in nature owing to B-cell proliferation and clonal expansion. Neurological complications are thought to be immune-mediated or secondary to invasion of neural tissues by HCV, as postulated in transverse myelitis and encephalopathic forms. Primarily axonal neuropathies, including sensorimotor polyneuropathy, large or small fiber sensory neuropathy, motor polyneuropathy, mononeuritis, mononeuritis multiplex, or overlapping syndrome, represent the most common neurological complications of chronic HCV infection. In addition, a number of peripheral demyelinating disorders are encountered, such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, the Lewis-Sumner syndrome, and cryoglobulin-associated polyneuropathy with demyelinating features. The spectrum of demyelinating forms also includes rare cases of iatrogenic central and peripheral nervous system disorders, occurring during treatment with pegylated interferon. Herein, we review HCV-related demyelinating conditions, and disclose the novel observation on the significantly increased frequency of chronic demyelinating neuropathy with anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein antibodies in a cohort of 59 consecutive patients recruited at our institution. We also report a second case of neuromyelitis optica with serum IgG autoantibody against the water channel aquaporin-4. The prompt recognition of these atypical and underestimated complications of HCV infection is of crucial importance in deciding which treatment option a patient should be offered. - See more at: http://www.eurekaselect.com/124430/article#sthash.mt4Dr1bK.dpu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Peripheral neuropathy and central nervous system involvement in cryoglobulinenia.
No full textno abstract availabl
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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