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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The work of awakening : Theoretical and clinical perspectives on metapsychology of awakening from coma
No full textCette thèse traite des processus psychiques en jeu lors de l’éveil de coma, nommés par l’auteur travail de l'éveil.Elle s’appuie sur une expérience de travail clinique auprès de patients, pendant la période de coma et lors de leur éveil, sur la durée de leur hospitalisation en réanimation adulte.Elle propose de penser le coma et l'éveil comme processus, et non comme état, engendrant des mouvements psychiques et corporels, nécessitant un accompagnement constant et ne pouvant être pensés hors des lieux dans lesquels ils se déroulent. En découle une construction théorico-clinique d’une méthodologie du positionnement du psychologue clinicien chercheur dans une unité de soin somatique très médicalisée.Dans ce travail, il est question de la reprise des processus de symbolisation lors de l'éveil du patient dans un processus d'échoïsation au fonctionnement du service.Le modèle ainsi dégagé souligne la nécessité de penser l'éveil de coma sous l'angle de la subjectivité et de l'intersubjectivité, au travers de la rencontre et du tressage des éléments somatiques, psychiques et énergétiques, sur la scène d’un service de réanimation, et ouvre sur trois voies : l’éveil, l’état végétatif chronique et ses différentes déclinaisons, ou la mort.Le coma est ici considéré comme faisant partie du parcours du patient, de son histoire de vie, et non comme une rupture de la continuité.Le modèle proposé attire particulièrement l’attention sur la question des stimuli, de l’historicisation, du délire, du fond hallucinatoire du psychisme et du rapport à l’autre dans sa dimension de sujet comme vecteurs de l’éveil dans une double composante : éveil vers la vie ou éveil vers la mort.This thesis adresses the psychic processes that take place during the awakening from coma, named by the author “Work of awakening”. It is based on a work experience in a clinic, with patients in a state of coma and in the phase of their awakening, during their hospitalization period in adult intensive care. It proposes to think the coma and the awakening as a process, and not as a state, that can generate psychic and physical movements, that necessitate a constant assistance and that cannot be thought outside the places where they happen. From there can be elaborated a theoretical and clinical methodology of the role of the clinical psychologist researcher in a very medicalized unit of somatic care.This work deals with the re-start of processes of symbolisation during the awakening, in a an echoing process to the functionning of the departement. The model proposed in this work therefore underlines the necessity to consider the awakening from coma from a subjective and intersubjective point of view, through the meeting and the linking of somatic, psychic and energy elements during the reanimation. It opens to three possible paths : the awakening, the chronic vegetative state and its various declinations, or death. Coma is considered here as part of the patient’s life and not as a rupture in continuity. The model proposed draws attention in particular to the issues of stimuli, of historicisation, of delirium, of the hallucinatory depth of psychism and of the relation to the other in its dimension of subject, as vectors to the awakening either towards life or death
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The displeasure hallucinatory and its perception : a psychoanalytic and neuroscientific perspective
No full textCe travail de doctorat se penche sur le processus hallucinatoire, encore mal défini dans le domaine de la psychanalyse, et sa relation au perceptif ; il s’agit du déroulement de ce processus chez l’individu normal et pathologique. En l’absence d’explications suffisantes du domaine psychanalytique, j'ai décidé de m'intéresser à deux champs indissociables de l’hallucinatoire et des représentants pulsionnels (la mémoire et les émotions/affects) tels que les scientifiques les décrivent, travaux qui confirment dans leur ensemble la thèse psychanalytique d’une activation à l’interne de l’effectuation à partir du moment où une représentation est investie et excitée ; tout cela implique, à mon sens, une réalisation hallucinatoire au-dedans qui accompagne le déroulement du processus pulsionnel. A partir de ce présupposé qui relie la trace mnésique au désir et à la réalisation hallucinatoire induite par la réactivation du besoin qui n’a d’autre référence que l’inscription présente dans la mémoire, je me suis interrogé sur le processus hallucinatoire de déplaisir, qui ne s’appuie pas sur une trace de plaisir et qui ne réactive pas tout au long du processus la dimension plaisante de sa réalisation. Il m’est apparu que le sujet, en l’absence de traces de plaisir, bute sur un hallucinatoire de déplaisir sans fin qui provoque la compulsion de répétition et la fixation sur l’objet en réclamant la part de plaisir qu’il refuse et jouant des retournements passif-actif visant la destruction de l’objet et de sa propre pulsion au-delà du principe de plaisir et de ses représentations qui autorisent la liaison. Ces réflexions m’ont amené à étudier de plus près le statut de l’objet et de travailler autour de l’hypothèse d’un objet-limite qui échoue à livrer le plaisir, à la limite du dedans et du dehors, comme à la limite de la vie et du plaisir.This doctoral thesis focuses on the hallucinatory process, which up to this day is still poorly defined by the psychoanalysis field, and its relation to perception. This study deals with the hallucinatory processing in normal and pathological individuals. In lack of an adequate psychoanalytic explanation, I decided to concentrate my study into considering two other notions close to the hallucinatory and the drive representatives ; these notions are memory and emotions/affects as described by scientists. Scientific works seem to confirm the psychoanalytic theory of an internal activation (effectuation) processing, as long as a representative is invested and excited. This implies, in my opinion, the existence of an internal hallucinatory fulfillment that accompanies the course of instinctual process. From this assumption, which connects the mnemic trace to the desire and to the hallucinatory fulfillment, induced by the reactivation of need, which has no other reference but the mnemic inscriptions, I began questioning the displeasure hallucinatory process which is not based on a trace of pleasure, so therefore does not activate this dimension and its realization during the process. It occurred to me that the subject, in the absence of pleasant traces, stumbles on an unending displeasure hallucinatory process, causing endless repetitive compulsion and fixation on the object, requesting the refused pleasure. At the same time, this process leads to multiple passive-active reversals, aiming the object’s destruction as well as its own drive, beyond the pleasure principle and its representations which allow internal connection. These findings led me to study more closely the object’s status, and to work around the assumption of a limit-object that fails to deliver pleasure, situated on the inside-outside border, as well as on the limit of life and pleasure
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Clinical stakes in the consultation of the infertile couple : impasses and transitionnalisation.
No full textL’intégration du sexuel infantile dans une organisation sexuelle régie par les capacités spécifiques au sexuel adulte est entravée par la superposition psychique entre l’inachèvement de la sexualité infantile et l’infertilité. L’infertilité est autant liée à des fantasmatiques oedipiennes et à une sexualité infantile phallique (avec les rivalités et les tendances parricides et infanticides correspondantes) qu’aux ambivalences infantiles plus ou moins objectales ou narcissiques de l’analité. De telles représentations menacent le refoulement et déclenchent des mouvements défensifs chez les patients, entraînant la mise en acte des fantasmatiques inconscientes en jeu. Dans une telle conjoncture, la compréhension de l’infertilité et sa prise en charge sont facilement mises en impasse. L’intervenant est entraîné dans des agis contretransférentiels qui soit confirment les fantasmes d’incapacité des patients, soit laissent ces derniers seuls avec les fantasmes en question, ce qui rend stérile l’intervention. La fonction psychique médiatrice du psychologue peut nécessiter d’être étayée par un dispositif qui la préserve permettant la mise en représentation, la différenciation et l’intégration psychique des éléments en jeu.The integration of infantile sexuality in a sexual organisation governed by the capacities specific to adult sexuality is hindered by the psychic superposition of the incompletion of infantile sexuality and infertility. Infertility is both related to oedipal fantasies and infantile phallic sexuality (with the corresponding rivalries and the parricide and infanticide tendencies) and to the more or less objectal or narcissistic infantile ambivalences of anality. Such representations threaten repression and set off defensive reactions in the patients, which leads to the acting out of unconscious fantasies at stake. In such a situation, the comprehension of infertility and its taking charge of are easily put in impasse. The psychologist is led into countertransferential acting outs that either confirm the patients’ incapacity fantasies or leave them alone with these fantasies, making the intervention sterile. The psychologist’s mediatory psychic function can require to be upheld by devices that protect it, allowing the representation, the differentiation and the psychic integration of the elements at stake
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