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Petrus Hispanus O.P. Auctor Summularum (III) ¿”Petrus Alfonsi” o “Petrus Ferrandi”?
No full textThis article aims to be a complement and continuation of my earlier work on the figure of Petrus Hispanus O. P., Auctor Summularum. First I bring to light some new documents in connection with the issues already examined in my 1997 and 2001 articles. Next, I deal with the questions postponed in my 2001 article: the problems concerning the figure of “Petrus Ferrandi” and his possible connection with the “auctor Summularum”, as well as Tugwell’s arguments against the hypothesis of the possible identity of the two figures, now examined from the perspective of the author of the Legenda prima. After analysing evidences from very diverse origin, I affirm, on the one hand, that the hypothesis of the identity of “Petrus Ferrandi” and “Petrus Hispanus” might be correct and, on the other hand, that there are no conclusive arguments that force us to affirm with certainty that the author of the Legenda prima is Pedro Ferrando. Although the analyses do not allow yet to determine whether the “auctor Summularum” is “Petrus Alfonsi” or “Petrus Ferrandi”, the evidence gathered and the connections set up will no doubt contribute to guide future research around the figure of “Petrus Hispanus”.Este artículo pretende ser complemento y continuación de mis anteriores trabajos sobre la figura de Petrus Hispanus O. P., Auctor Summularum. Comienzo presentando algunos nuevos documentos relacionados con las cuestiones ya examinadas en mis artículos de 1997 y 2001. A continuación, me ocupo de las cuestiones aplazadas en el artículo de 2001: los problemas relativos a la figura de “Petrus Ferrandi” y su posible relación con el “auctor Summularum”, así como los argumentos de Tugwell contra la hipótesis de la posible identidad de estas dos figuras, examinados ahora desde la perspectiva del autor de la Legenda prima. Tras analizar testimonios procedentes de muy diversos ámbitos, afirmo, por una parte, que la hipótesis de la identidad entre “Petrus Ferrandi” y “Petrus Hispanus” podría ser correcta y, por otra parte, que no hay argumentos concluyentes que obliguen a afirmar con seguridad que el autor de la Legenda prima es Pedro Ferrando. Aunque los análisis no permiten por el momento determinar si es “Petrus Alfonsi” o “Petrus Ferrandi” el “auctor Summularum”, los testimonios recogidos y las conexiones establecidas contribuirán, sin duda, a orientar futuras investigaciones en torno a la figura de “Petrus Hispanus”
Byrsopolis ferrandi Soula 2010
No full textByrsopolis ferrandi Soula, 2010a (Figures 16 (i–j), 18(a–h)) Byrsopolis ferrandi Soula 2010a: 45 (original description); Carvalho and Grossi 2018: 372 (checklist, distribution); Hielkema and Hielkema 2019: 127 (checklist, distribution); Vaz-deMello and Grossi 2022 (online catalogue). Type locality. Bélizon, French Guiana. Type material. Holotype male, dissected. (a) ‘ Holotype / Byrsopolis / ferrandi S./2010 Soula’ [red label, handscript by Soula], (b) ‘Mussé des Confluences/MHNL/47030014’, (c) ‘Piste de/Belizon/I.94 G.F./col. SOULA’ [handwritten by Soula], (1♂ CCECL, specimen examined through images) (Figures 16 (i–m). Additional material. [4 specimens] ‘ FRENCH GUIANA: Mont Itoupé /(sommet 830 m), Maripa-Soula,/sommet (830 m), N 03°01 ʹ 19 ’, W 53°05 ʹ 03” // ‘L. T: light trap,/ 13.i.2016 ’ // ‘ Byrsopolis ferrandi /Soula, 2010/det. M. Seidel 2021’ // ‘ WORLD/SCARAB./DATABASE/ WSD00347520’ (1♂ MSPC); same, except ‘L. T: light trap,/ 16.i.2016 ’ // ‘WORLD/SCARAB./ DATABASE/WSD00347521’ (1♂ MSPC); same, except ‘WORLD/SCARAB./ DATABASE/ WSD003475213’ (1♂ MSPC); same, except ‘ 16.i.2016, PVP:/automatic light trap/(pink)’ // ‘WORLD/SCARAB./ DATABASE/WSD00347522’ (1♂ MSPC). Diagnosis. Body light yellow to reddish-brown, without metallic green reflections; clypeus subrectangular with weakly rounded apex; antennal club about 1.70x longer than antennomeres II–VII combined; scutellar shield subtriangular, base broadly rounded; elytral apex with right angles; elytra almost smooth, humeri weakly punctate; protibial spur about 2x longer than wide; parameres symmetrical, moderately divergent; parameres with weak sinuosities, proximal margin without strong emarginations. Description of holotype. Body. Shape elongate oval; light yellow on elytra to reddishbrown (Figures 16 (i), 18(a-c)); without green metallic reflections; frontoclypeal suture reddish-brown to black; yellow to orange setae on scutellar shield. Lectotype. Length 27.00–28.00mm. Humeral width 17.00–22.00. Elytral width 14.00–17.00 mm. Head. Clypeus about twice wider than long; subrectangular with weakly rounded apex; weakly concave only at marginal areas; punctures small to moderately large, densely punctate; frontoclypeal suture with curvilinear extremities weakly rounded, with obtuse angles; frons about 1.41x longer than clypeus; punctures small to moderately large, sparsely punctate at base, densely punctate at apex; glabrous; mandibles with apex weakly rounded external border, without setae, scissorial region weakly rounded, with one small tooth at middle (Figure 18 (e)); galea with one moderate apical tooth, three small setae, a single seta at middle, two setae at anterior part (Figure 18 (f)); apex prementum strongly emarginated; last labial palpomere about 2.18x longer than palpomere II (Figure 18 (g)); labrum moderately emarginate, moderately setose (Figure 18 (h)); antennomere III subcylindrical, IV–V subquadrate, antennomeres VI–VII subconical; antennal club about 1.70x longer than antennomeres II–VII combined. Thorax. Pronotum transverse, about 1.73x wider than long (Figure 18 (a)); punctures small to moderate, moderately punctate at disc, densely punctate at marginal areas; a small, anterior concavity on each side near marginal areas; scutellar plate subtriangular, base moderately rounded (Figure 18 (a)); small setae on apex, sparsely distributed; punctures small to moderate, sparsely punctate at marginal areas, moderately punctate at disc surface. Elytra. About 1.12x longer than wide; punctures small to moderate, moderately punctate at disc, densely punctate at marginal areas; interstriae indistinct (Figure 18 (a)); elytral apex with right angles; humeri with microsetae, moderately distributed. Legs. Protibial spur about 2.80x longer than wide; mesotibiae and metatibiae with one carina. Aedeagus. Parameres with apex rounded, weakly sinuous, moderately divergent, symmetrical; acute angle between parameres; parameres wide and flat (Figures 16 (j–l), 18(d)); lateral margins excavated at base forming a small carina; basal margin with weak sinuosities, basal margin without strong emarginations; longitudinal midline concave at apex; glabrous. Female. Unkown. Variation. Humeral width 12.50–13.00 mm. Elytral width 16.00–17.00 mm. Etymology. The specific epithet is a atribute to Michel Ferrand, given by Soula. Distribution. Byrsopolis ferrandi was described from Bélizon (Cayenne, French Guiana). Remarks. Byrsopolis ferrandi and B. aenescens can be found in French Guiana, but there are localities within cities bordering Brazil – for example, Oiapoque. Key to the genera of Areodina (modified from Grossi and Vaz-de-Mello (2015) after Jameson (1990)) 10(4). Frontoclypeal suture almost straight or sinuous; clypeus broadest at base, apex rounded, trapezoidal, rectangular, semioval or squared; surface weakly to moderately concave; hind wings with anterior margin near RA1+2, RA3 and apical hinge glabrous................................................................................................ Byrsopolis Burmeister 10’. Frontoclypeal suture rounded or arched; clypeus broadest at middle, apex quadrate; surface moderately to strongly concave; hind wings with anterior margin near RA1+2, RA3, and apical hinge setose................ Moronius Grossi and Vaz-de-Mello Key of the South American Areodina 1 Mesoventral process moderate to long (exceeding the apex of mesocoxae); parameres strongly asymmetric.............................................................................................................. 2 - Mesoventral process short (not exceeding the apex of mesocoxae); parameres symmetric or weakly to moderately asymmetric............................................................................ 3 2 Apex of clypeus weakly rounded (males); parameres with hook-like projection...................................................................................................................................... Areoda MacLeay, 1819 - Apex of clypeus trilobed (males); parameres without hook-like projection.................................................................................................................................... Oplognathus MacLeay, 1819 3 Clypeus weakly to moderately concave; parameres weakly asymmetrical....................................................................................................................................... Byrsopolis Burmeister 1844 - Clypeus strongly concave; parameres symmetrical........................................................................................................................................................ Moronius Grossi and Vaz-de-Mello 2015 . Identification key for adults of the Byrsopolis species Burmeister 1. Species from Cerrado and Atlantic Forest (castanea, crassa and quadraticeps groups)...................................................................................................................................................... 2 - Species from Amazon (unknown females) [aenescens group]......................................... 12 2. Elytral surface rugostriate, with weak to strong striae, deep punctures (males and females) [castanea group]................................................................................................................. 3 - Elytral surface punctatostriate to shallowly punctate (unknown females) [crassa and quadraticeps groups]............................................................................................................................ 8 3. Clypeus subrectangular with apex emargination; general colour usually dark brown......................................................................................................................................................... 4 - Clypeus subrectangular, subtrapezoidal, parabolic, without apex emargination; general colour usually light brown or metallic green.................................................................. 5 4. Scutellar plate with sparse to moderate setation (males and females); parameres weakly to moderately divergent; parameres with basal margin rounded.................................................................................................................... Byrsopolis castanea Burmeister 1844 - Scutellar plate with moderate to dense setation (males and females); parameres strongly divergent; parameres with basal margin weakly bisinuate.................................................................. Byrsopolis burmeisteri Medeiros , Seidel and Grossi, 2020 sp. nov. 5. Elytral suture with strong striae and coalescent punctures; antennal club less than 2x longer than antennomeres II–VII combined............................................................................. 6 - Elytral suture with indistinct striae and coalescent punctures; antennal club about 2x longer than antennomeres II–VII combined.. Byrsopolis laticollis Burmeister 1855 6. Frontoclypeal suture bisinuate; pronotum and scutellar shield weakly punctate (males known)..................................................................................................................................................... 7 - Frontoclypeal suture almost straight; pronotum and scutellar shield strongly punctate (males unknown).............................................................. Byrsopolis cribricollis Ohaus 1912 7. Clypeus about 1.75x wider than long; labrum weakly emarginate; elytral apex with divergent angles; wide parameres (females unknown)..................................................................................................... Byrsopolis ohausi Medeiros , Seidel and Grossi, 2020 sp. nov. - Clypeus about 2.2x wider than long; labrum moderately emarginat;; elytral apex truncate; narrow parameres (females unknown)........................................................................................................ Byrsopolis blanchardi Medeiros , Seidel and Grossi, 2020 sp. nov. 8. Clypeus subrectangular, weakly bilobed or trilobed, hirsute; parameres separated by a U-shaped gap, symmetrical, parallel to slightly convergent [quadraticeps group] 9 - Clypeus semioval, rounded, sparsely setose or glabrous; parameres separated by a Vshaped gap, dorsally symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical, parameres moderately divergent [crassa group].................................................................................................................. 11 9. Metallic green on most parts of the body; clypeus weakly trilobed; antennal club about 3x longer than antennomeres II–VII combined (females unknown)........................................................... Byrsopolis schmidti Medeiros , Seidel and Grossi, 2020 sp. nov. - Yellowish to reddish brown on almost the whole body; clypeus weakly to moderately bilobed; antennal club about 2.60x longer than antennomeres II–VII combined.. 10 10. Frontoclypeal suture almost straight between curvilinear extremities; pronotum glabrous; parameres with lateral margins moderately excavated longitudinally, forming a moderate carina at base (females unknown)......................................................................................................................................................... Byrsopolis quadraticeps Blanchard 1851 - Frontoclypeal suture with a slight V-shaped concavity between curvilinear extremities; pronotum with short setae, sparsely to moderately distributed; parameres with lateral margins weakly excavated longitudinally, forming a short carina at the base of parameres. (females unknown)...................................................................................................................................... Byrsopolis angeloottatii Medeiros , Seidel and Grossi, 2020 sp. nov. 11. Mandibles glabrous or hirsute in the angle formed by external border and scissorial region, wide longitudinally; labrum moderately emarginated; parameres with transverse striae in middle region. (females unknown) Byrsopolis crassa Blanchard 1851 Mandibles glabrous, without projections; narrow longitudinally; labrum strongly emarginated; parameres without transverse striae in middle region (females unknown)........ Byrsopolis vazdemelloi Medeiros , Seideland Grossi, 2020 sp. nov. 12. Apex prementum with triangular lobes; labrum moderately emarginate; scutellar shield with apex weakly rounded; elytral apexes with divergent angles............................................................................................................................ Byrsopolis aenescens Ohaus 1926 - Apex of prementum with rounded lobes; labrum weakly emarginate; scutellar shield with apex broadly rounded; elytral apexes with right angles........................................................................................................................................................ Byrsopolis ferrandi Soula 2010aPublished as part of Medeiros, Rone A. F., Seidel, Matthias & Grossi, Paschoal C., 2022, Revision of the genus Byrsopolis Burmeister, 1844 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini), with the description of six new species endemic to Brazil and Paraguay, pp. 1315-1364 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 56 (29 - 32) on pages 1354-1359, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2115950, http://zenodo.org/record/715647
hArtes design flow for heterogeneous platforms
No full textThe hArtes -Holistic Approach to Reconfigurable real Time Embedded Systems- design flow addresses the development of an holistic tool-chain for reconfigurable heterogeneous platforms. The entire tool-chain consists of three phases: Algorithm Exploration and Translation, Design Space Exploration and System Synthesis. This paper evaluates the tools in the Design Space Exploration phase and the System Synthesis phase. The tools in the Design Space Exploration phase facilitate task partitioning, task optimization and assignment of the tasks to the appropriate hardware element. The tools in the System Synthesis phase facilitate the hardware/software co-design of embedded applications and perform compilation and HDL generation. The HDL designs are generated with a view of actual hardware/software co-execution on the real hardware platform. The XML Architecture Description File and the C Pragma Notations are used for information exchange between different tools. The XML architecture description file is also used to provide a flexible specification of the target architecture. Experimental results with H.264 video encoding application shows the viability of the hArtes design flow
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Is the locus DR1533 of Deinococcus radiodurans involved in the control of genome integrity?
No full textHardware Acceleration of Complex Machine Learning Models through Modern High-Level Synthesis
No full textMachine learning algorithms continue to receive significant attention from industry and research. As the models increase in complexity and accuracy, their computational and memory demands also grow, pushing for more powerful, heterogeneous architectures; custom FPGA/ASIC accelerators are often the best solution to efficiently process large amounts of data close to the sensors in large-scale scientific experiments. Previous works exploited high-level synthesis to help design dedicated compute units for machine learning inference, proposing frameworks that translate high-level models into annotated C/C++. Our proposal, instead, integrates HLS in a compiler-based tool flow with multiple levels of abstraction, enabling analysis, optimization and design space exploration along the whole process. Such an approach will also allow to explore models beyond multi-layer perceptrons and convolutional neural networks (which are often the main target of "classic" HLS frameworks), for example to address the different challenges posed by sparse and graph-based neural networks
New microbial hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and their synthetic application for the selective modification of bile acids.
No full textHydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDHs), mainly obtained from bacterial sources, have been widely employed for the regio- and stereoselective oxidoreduction of the hydroxyl-keto groups of steroids, bile acids and their derivatives. In particular they might be suitable biocatalysts for the industrial synthesis of bile acids derivatives of pharmacological interest such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA; 3α,7β-dihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid).
Aim of this work was i) to investigate a new enzymatic process for the synthesis of UDCA; ii) to develop new cofactor regeneration systems to be coupled to HSDHs-catalyzed reactions; iii) to clone and overexpress in E. coli new HSDHs suitable for the modification of bile acids up to an industrial level.
Specifically, the preparative-scale HSDHs-catalyzed one-pot enzymatic synthesis of 12-ketoursodeoxycholic acid (3,7-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5-cholanoic acid), a key intermediate for the synthesis of ursodeoxycholic acid, from cholic acid has been investigated. This goal has been achieved by alternating oxidative and reductive steps in a one-pot system and employing HSDHs with different cofactor specificity. To provide the necessary driving force to opposite reactions (i.e., oxidation and reduction) acting concurrently on different sites of the same substrate molecule, suitable cofactor regeneration systems were coupled to these reactions. However, due to a limited cofactor specificity of some of the enzymes used, an undesired reaction equilibrium was established resulting in by-products formation. This problem was overcome by uncoupling the oxidative and reductive biocatalysts (Paper I).
Moreover, a new laccase/mediator system for NAD(P)+ cofactor regeneration in HSDHs-catalyzed oxidations has been developed. This system has been successfully applied in aqueous, buffered reactions (space-time yield of 2.35 g L-1 h-1 ) and in biphasic systems (space-time yields of up to 27.47 g L-1 h-1), demonstrating to be very efficient, to have high stability, to tolerate solvents, and to be simple to employ (Paper II).
Finally, NADPH-dependent 7α- and 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (7α-HSDH and 7β-HSDH) from Clostridium absonum were cloned and overexpressed in recombinant form in E. coli. The enzymes were further characterized from a functional and a kinetic point of view, demonstrating that both of them, in suitable bioconversion conditions, could be promising candidates for further applications in the epimerization reaction of bile acids at the C-7 position (Paper III)
Trace-based automated logical debugging for high-level synthesis generated circuits
No full textIn this paper we present an approach for debugging hardware designs generated by High-Level Synthesis (HLS), relieving users from the burden of identifying the signals to trace and from the error-prone task of manually checking the traces. The necessary steps are performed after HLS, independently of it and without affecting the synthesized design. For this reason our methodology should be easily adaptable to any HLS tools. The proposed approach makes full use of HLS compile time informations. The executions of the simulated design and the original C program can be compared, checking if there are discrepancies between values of C variables and signals in the design. The detection is completely automated, that is, it does not need any input but the program itself and the user does not have to know anything about the overall compilation process. The design can be validated on a given set of test cases and the discrepancies are detected by the tool. Relationships between the original high-level source code and the generated HDL are kept by the compiler and shown to the user. The granularity of such discrepancy analysis is per-operation and it includes the temporary variables inserted by the compiler. As a consequence the design can be debugged as is, with no restrictions on optimizations available during HLS. We show how this methodology can be used to identify different kind of bugs: 1) introduced by the HLS tool used for the synthesis; 2) introduced using buggy libraries of hardware components for HLS; 3) undefined behavior bugs in the original high-level source code
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