1,720,967 research outputs found
The green premium in the European stock market
Full text linkThis paper investigates the concept of greenium, the premium investors are willing to pay for sustainable assets relative to conventional investments, with a focus on the European stock market. As sustainable finance gains prominence, understanding greenium's implications is crucial for both investors and policymakers. The study addresses the challenges of defining and estimating greenium, including varying perceptions of climate risk and the lack of standardized criteria for green assets. Through comprehensive empirical analysis, we evaluate the presence of greenium and its effects on investment strategies, highlighting how sustainability considerations shape asset valuation and investor behavior. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between sustainability and financial performance in today's investment landscape
Biocatalytic synthesis of two pharmacologically active compounds: (S)-pramipexole and its enantiomer, dexpramipexole.
No full textBiocatalytic synthesis of two pharmacologically active compounds:
(S)-pramipexole and its enantiomer, dexpramipexole
Samuele Ciceri,a,* Patrizia Ferraboschi,a Paride Grisenti,b Matteo Moric and Fiorella Meneghettic
a Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via C. Saldini 50, 20133 Milano, Italy
b Chemical-Pharmaceutical Consulting and IP Management, Viale G. da Cermenate 58, 20141 Milano, Italy
c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
*[email protected]
Many pharmaceutically active compounds contain a chiral core inside their structure. Therefore, compounds formed highly selectively are valuable products. The chemo-, regio-, and stereo-selectivity required could be achieved using biocatalysts (enzymes or microorganisms), which can work on a wide range of substrates, in mild reaction conditions and not only in aqueous solutions, but also in organic solvents. Moreover, biocatalysis meets the green chemistry principles.
Our research work focuses on the biocatalytic synthesis of key building blocks affording to pharmaceutically active compounds, currently used in therapy [1, 2].
Following this approach, we were able to synthetize the enantiopure key intermediates of (S)-pramipexole, a synthetic dopaminergic agonist utilized as anti-Parkinson drug, and (R)-pramipexole, which has been studied as therapeutic agent against Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and now it has found new interest for the potential treatment of Eosinophilic Asthma and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome.
Two different biocatalytic approach allowed us to stereoselectively synthesize these compounds:
1) After the investigation of the activity and selectivity of different microorganisms (especially yeasts), we obtained the enantiomerically pure synthons for the preparation of (S)- and (R)-pramipexole by means of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the common baker’s yeast, a cheap and easy to handle microorganism.
2) The two enantiomerically pure synthons were achieved by means of a double kinetic resolution catalized by a commercially available purified enzyme, Lipase A from Candida antarctica, under irreversible transesterification conditions.
The definition of the stereochemistry of the two enantiomers was also carried out by means of single crystal X-ray analysis.
References
[1] Ciceri, S.; Ciuffreda, P.; Grisenti, P. and Ferraboschi, P. Synthesis of the antitumoral nucleoside capecitabine through a chemo-enzymatic approach Tetrahedron Lett. 2015, 56, 5909-5913.
[2] Ciceri, S.; Grisenti, P.; Reza Elahi, S. and Ferraboschi, P. A New Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of the Chiral Key Intermediate of the Antiepileptic Brivaracetam Molecules 2018, 23, 2206
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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