6 research outputs found
Avoidance coping strategies, alexithymia and alcohol abuse: A mediation analysis
No full textAlexithymia and avoidance coping strategies are both associated with alcohol abuse, but their effects have been seldom studied simultaneously. The present study investigated the interplay between alexithymia and avoidance coping strategies in predicting the severity of alcohol abuse in an alcohol-dependent sample. The TAS-20 and COPE-NVI questionnaires were administered to 110 alcoholic inpatients enrolled into a recovery program at the Center for Alcohol Abuse of the Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. The alcohol abuse index consisted of the mean alcohol units consumed by participants and days of abstinence before being enrolled into the recovery program. Results showed that alexithymic alcoholics consumed significantly more alcohol and were less abstinent than non-alexithymic alcoholics. Concerning the relationship among alexithymia, coping strategies and alcohol abuse, data showed that alexithymia completely mediated the effects of avoidance coping strategies on alcohol abuse, suggesting that avoidance strategies have therefore an indirect effect on alcohol abuse among alcoholics. Theoretical and clinical implications of the results are discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Natureza da ligação Ru-NO em novos nitrosilo complexos de rutênio com ligantes quelantes CCC e CNC contendo carbenos
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Florianópolis, 2015.Compostos capazes de liberar ou sequestrar óxido nítrico são promissores agentes terapêuticos como antimicrobianos, reguladores da pressão sanguínea, no combate ao câncer, dentre outros. Neste trabalho foram investigados novos nitrosilo complexos de rutênio, potencialmente liberadores de óxido nítrico, contendo ligantes pinça quelantes tridentados em que dois sítios coordenantes são carbenos N heterociclos ligados por uma ponte fenila ou piridil que também coordena-se ao centro metálico. Derivados destes complexos são obtidos pela substituição de grupos alquila no átomo de nitrogênio dos grupos imidazolilideno. A estrutura geométrica e eletrônica destes complexos organometálicos e de seus produtos de redução monoeletrônica foram investigadas por métodos computacionais empregando-se a Teoria do Funcional da Densidade (DFT). A natureza da ligação química Ru NO foi estudada utilizando-se as técnicas de Análise de Decomposição de Energia de Su-Li (Su-Li EDA) e Orbitais Naturais de Ligação (NBO). Neste trabalho também foi avaliada uma metodologia para a predição de potenciais de redução dos nitrosilo complexos de rutênio estudados.Abstract : Compounds capable of releasing or scavenging nitric oxide are promising therapeutic agents as antimicrobials, blood pressure regulators, in cancer treatment and many others. In this work were investigated new ruthenium nitrosyl complexes, potentially capable of releasing nitric oxide, containing chelating tridentade pincer ligands in which two coordinating sites are N-heterocyclic carbenes united by a bridging coordinating phenyl or pyridyl unit. Derivatives of these complexes are obtained by substitution of alkyl groups at the imidazolylidene nitrogen. The geometric and electronic structure of these organometallic complexes and their one-electron reduction products were investigated by computational methods employing Density Functional Theory. The nature of the Ru NO chemical bond was investigated using the Energy Decomposition Analysis of Su-Li and Natural Bond Orbitals. In this work it was also evaluated a methodology for the prediction of reduction potentials of the ruthenium nitrosyl complexes under investigation
Author Correction: Adaptive evolution of virulence and persistence in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
No full textRapid identification and phylogenetic classification of diverse bacterial pathogens in a multiplexed hybridization assay targeting ribosomal RNA
No full text© 2019, The Author(s). Rapid bacterial identification remains a critical challenge in infectious disease diagnostics. We developed a novel molecular approach to detect and identify a wide diversity of bacterial pathogens in a single, simple assay, exploiting the conservation, abundance, and rich phylogenetic content of ribosomal RNA in a rapid fluorescent hybridization assay that requires no amplification or enzymology. Of 117 isolates from 64 species across 4 phyla, this assay identified bacteria with >89% accuracy at the species level and 100% accuracy at the family level, enabling all critical clinical distinctions. In pilot studies on primary clinical specimens, including sputum, blood cultures, and pus, bacteria from 5 different phyla were identified
Características clínicas, microbiológicas y desenlaces de pacientes pediátricos tratados con ceftarolina en Manizales
No full textFiguras, tablasLa ceftarolina es una cefalosporina con actividad para Staphylococcus aureus meticilinoresistente y Streptococcus pneumoniae resistente a penicilina. Sin embargo, los datos sobre su uso en pediatría en infecciones invasivas son limitados. Objetivo:
Describir las características clínicas, microbiológicas y desenlaces de los pacientes pediátricos que recibieron ceftarolina.
Metodología: Es un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Incluyó pacientes de 0 meses a 18 años que recibieron ceftarolina entre 2018 y 2023. Se excluyeron los pacientes trasladados a otra institución fuera del estudio o con historia clínica incompleta. Se recolectaron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y microbiológicas, y se reportaron los
resultados clínicos y los eventos adversos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 32 pacientes, desde neonatos hasta adolescentes. El principal diagnóstico asociado al uso de ceftarolina fue la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (62,5%), seguido por infecciones osteoarticulares (21,9%), infección de tejidos blandos (12,5%) y bacteriemia sin foco primario (3,1%). El 46,9% de los pacientes estaban previamente sanos, entre los que presentaban comorbilidades el 18,8% tenía previamente enfermedad pulmonar, el 12,5% cardiopatía congénita, el 12,5% antecedente de prematuridad y el 7,1% inmunosupresión. El 56% estuvo en unidad de cuidados
intensivos y el 50% requirió ventilación mecánica invasiva. Adicionalmente una proporción significativa de pacientes presentó choque (62,5%), falla renal (46,8%) y bacteriemia (46,9%). Se obtuvo aislamiento microbiológico en el 75% de los casos. El Staphylococcus aureus fue el patógeno más común (95,6%), y S. aureus meticilino- resistente se presentó en el 56,5% de todos los aislamientos. Todos los pacientes recibieron terapia antibiótica antes del inicio de ceftarolina. El 53,1% de los pacientes recibió ceftarolina en monoterapia y el 46,9% en terapia combinada. El 84,3% de los pacientes tuvo curación clínica sin necesidad de antibióticos adicionales. La mortalidad fue del 12,5%. No se reportó ningún evento adverso. Conclusiones: La ceftarolina es una opción de tratamiento en los pacientes pediátricos con infecciones complicadas, incluyendo bacteriemia por Staphylococcus aureus, y cepas resistentes a la meticilina. En nuestro estudio se demostró curación clínica tanto en monoterapia como en terapia combinada.Background: Ceftaroline is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin indicated for use in skin infections and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and predominantly used for the fight against drug-resistant bacteria. However, data on its use in pediatrics are limited and no previous studies from Latin America have been reported. Our objective was to describe the clinical and laboratory outcomes of Colombian pediatric patients who received ceftaroline to treat invasive infections.
Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was performed on patients aged 1 month to 18 years who received ceftaroline, (600 mg IV q8hr x 5-7 days with dose adjustments based on ranges of weight and age), for bacteremia at two tertiary care pediatric hospitals of Manizales, between 2018 and 2023. Sociodemographic, clinical, and microbiological variables were collected, and clinical outcomes and adverse reactions were reported.
Results: Thirty-two patients from neonates to adolescents were included [median (Q1-Q3): 3.3 years (0.8 - 9.9 years)]. The main diagnosis associated with ceftaroline use was community-acquired pneumonia (62.5%), followed by osteoarticular infections (21.9%), soft tissue infections (12.5%), and late sepsis (3.1%). Among the patient population, 46.9% were previously healthy, while the others had diverse medical histories, including lung disease (18.8%), congenital heart disease (12.5%), prematurity (12.5%), and immunosuppression (7.1%). Over half of the patients (56%) required intensive care unit admission, and nearly half (50%) required invasive mechanical ventilation. Additionally, a significant proportion of patients experienced shock (62.5%), renal failure (46.8%), and bacteremia (46.9%). Microbiological isolation was obtained in 75% of cases.
Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen (91.7%), with 59.1% being methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Clinical cure without additional antibiotics was achieved in 84.3% of patients. The mortality rate was 12.5%. No adverse events were reported.
Conclusions: In our study, clinical cure was demonstrated in both monotherapy and combined ceftaroline therapy without adverse effects. Ceftaroline offers a promising therapeutic option for pediatric patients battling difficult-to-treat invasive MRSA infections.LISTA DE TABLAS /LISTA DE FIGURAS /LISTA DE ANEXOS /GLOSARIO / RESUMEN /INTRODUCCIÓN /ANTECEDENTES /PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA /JUSTIFICACIÓN /MARCO TEORICO /OBJETIVOS /ASPECTOS ÉTICOS / RESULTADOS / DISCUSION / CONCLUSIONES / BIBLIOGRAFÍAEspecializaciónSe realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo con un diseño retrospectivo para el periodo comprendido entre el 2018 y el 2023.Especialista en Pediatrí
Role of the human beta-herpesviruses in organ allograft rejection following transplantation.
No full textIn previous prospective studies conducted in our department, PCR was used to detect the three ({dollar}-herpesviruses, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), and human herpesviruses 6 and 7 (HHV-6 and HHV-7) in the blood of solid organ transplant patients. The viruses were commonly detected post-transplantation, and HCMV and HHV-6 were independently associated with graft rejection in liver recipients. HHV-7 was also associated with increased episodes of rejection in renal transplant patients. To better understand the role of these viruses in graft rejection, in situ techniques including in situ hybridisation (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were developed to detect these viruses in renal and liver allograft biopsies from patients in the original prospective studies. HCMV DNA was detected in a significant proportion of liver and renal biopsies (approximately 50%) by ISH, with detection being widespread especially in renal allografts. The presence of HCMV DNA in the biopsies is likely to represent low level HCMV replication not detectable by IHC. HCMV was not statistically associated with either renal or liver allograft rejection by ISH. It remains possible that HCMV infection in the graft leads to dysfunction and is clinically interpreted as allograft rejection. HHV-6 and HHV-7 were not detected in any allografts by ISH or IHC. In addition, an uncommon form of HHV-6 persistence is characterized by high viral loads in blood and integration of viral sequences into host cell chromosomes. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was developed to examine integration events in a healthy individual with a consistently high HHV-6 load and also in a case of genetic transmission of integrated virus through stem cell transplantation. In the former individual, integrated HHV-6 was identified on chromosome lip 15.5 and in the latter shown in the donor and the recipient (post-transplantation only) on chromosome 17pl3.3. The confounding effect of HHV-6 integration must be considered when investigating novel disease associations of HHV-6
