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Screening for Ocult Renal Disease (SCORED): marcadores associados ao diagnóstico e à mortalidade após dez anos de avaliação
No full textChronic kidney disease (CKD) is subject to population screening as it is
serious, frequent and meets the epidemiological criteria that classify the need for
screening for a pathology. In Brazil, according to the 2022 survey on patients on
dialysis therapy, it was estimated that there were more than 150 thousand patients
on dialysis. The main causes of CKD are Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Systemic
Arterial Hypertension (SAH) and, in the context of these pathologies, factors that are
associated with worse disease progression are uncontrolled SAH, proteinuria,
anemia, acidemia, hyperuricemia, among others. Some factors, such as the
presence of glomerular hematuria (HtG) in the urinary sediment, have a wellestablished importance in the context of immunoglobulin A glomerulopathy, however,
their importance in the general condition of CKD is still controversial. In 2014, a study
was carried out at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora to validate the Screening for
Occult Renal Disease (SCORED) questionnaire in the general population. The
objective of this study was to evaluate whether sociodemographic factors and the
presence of hematuria are associated with mortality in CKD and whether there is a
variation in the disease's diagnostic markers, making it therefore necessary to
measure them at two moments during CKD screening. A prospective cohort study
was carried out from 2011 to 2022. Participants who took part in the SCORED study
were included and, in Phase 1, sociodemographic, clinical, pathological and
laboratory variables were evaluated. In the second Phase, the outcome is death. A
descriptive statistical analysis was carried out, the variables associated with the CKD
diagnostic criteria were compared over a three-month interval. Individuals with and
without CKD were compared; survivors and non-survivors by Chi-Square, Fisher, tStudent or ANOVA tests. And, finally, factors associated with survival adjusted for
confounders by a Cox Regression model. Considered a 95.0% confidence interval.
The initial sample size was six hundred participants and CKD was diagnosed, in the
first examination, using the criteria of estimated glomerular filtration (FGe) 60
mL/min/1.73 m2
in 8.8%, Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (ACR) altered in 5.0% and
presence of HtG in 16.3%, having been confirmed in the second exam using the
same criteria: FGe 60 mL/min/1.73 m2
in 3.5%, RAC altered in 3.0 % and presence
of HtG in 9.5%. Regarding CKD non-CKD, a higher prevalence was observed in
non-whites and the elderly; laboratory results, higher levels of total cholesterol and
LDL cholesterol. In the second Phase, a sample of 103 participants was obtained,
comparing death to non-death. The sociodemographic, clinical and pathological
variables that were associated with death were older people, lower income, higher
systolic and diastolic blood pressure, personal history of SAH, DM, coronary disease
and smoking. In the laboratory, higher levels of uric acid and blood glucose. Only age
and HtG were predictors of mortality. It was concluded that there was variability in the
diagnostic markers of CKD, thus reinforcing the importance of being evaluated at two
moments. HtG was not only the diagnostic marker with the least variability, but also a
marker of mortality.A doença renal crônica (DRC) é passível de rastreio populacional pois é
grave, frequente e obedece aos critérios epidemiológicos que classificam a
necessidade de rastreio de uma patologia. No Brasil, de acordo com o inquérito de
2022 sobre pacientes em terapia dialítica, estimou-se que havia mais de 150 mil
pacientes em diálise. As principais causas de DRC são o Diabetes Mellitus (DM) e a
Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e, no cenário dessas patologias, fatores que
estão associados à pior progressão da doença são a HAS não controlada,
proteinúria, anemia, acidemia, hiperuricemia, dentre outros. Alguns fatores como a
presença de hematúria glomerular (HtG) no sedimento urinário têm sua importância
bem determinada no contexto da glomerulopatia por imunoglobulina A, porém sua
importância na condição geral da DRC ainda é alvo de controvérsias. Em 2014 foi
realizado na Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora um estudo para validação do
questionário Screening for Ocult Renal Disease (SCORED) na população geral. O
objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se fatores sociodemográficos e a presença de
hematúria estão associados com a mortalidade na DRC e se ocorre uma variação
nos marcadores diagnósticos da doença, sendo, portanto, necessária a dosagem
dos mesmos em dois momentos durante o rastreio da DRC. Realizou-se um estudo
de coorte prospectivo, no período de 2011 a 2022. Foram incluídos os participantes
que fizeram parte do estudo SCORED e, na Fase 1, foram avaliadas variáveis
sociodemográficas, clínicas, patológicas e laboratoriais. Na segunda Fase, o
desfecho óbito. Foi realizada uma análise estatística descritiva, as variáveis
associadas aos critérios diagnósticos de DRC foram comparadas no intervalo de três
meses. Foram comparados indivíduos com e sem DRC; sobreviventes e não
sobreviventes pelos testes Qui-Quadrado, Fisher, t-Student ou ANOVA. E, por fim,
fatores associados à sobrevida ajustada para confundidores por um modelo de
Regressão de Cox. Considerado um intervalo de confiança de 95,0%. O tamanho
amostral inicial foi de seiscentos participantes e a DRC foi diagnosticada, no primeiro
exame, pelo critério de filtração glomerular estimada (FGe) 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 em
8,8%, relação albumina/creatinina (RAC) alterada em 5,0% e, presença de HtG em
16,3%, tendo se confirmado no segundo exame pelos mesmos critérios: FGe 60
mL/min/1,73 m2 em 3,5%, RAC alterada em 3,0% e presença de HtG em 9,5%. Com
relação à DRC não DRC, observou-se maior prevalência em não brancos e idosos;
laboratorialmente, maiores níveis de colesterol total e colesterol LDL. Na segunda
Fase, obteve-se uma amostra de 103 participantes, comparando óbito não óbito.
As variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e patológicas que se associaram ao óbito
foram mais idosos, menor renda, maior pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, história
pessoal de HAS, DM, doença coronariana e tabagismo. Laboratorialmente, maiores
níveis de ácido úrico e glicemia. Apenas idade e HtG foram preditores de
mortalidade. Concluiu-se que houve variabilidade nos marcadores diagnósticos de
DRC, reforçando, dessa forma, a importância de serem avaliados em dois
momentos. A HtG foi, não só o marcador diagnóstico com menor variabilidade, como
também, um marcador de mortalidade
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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