1,720,955 research outputs found
Avaliação da funcionalidade de crianças e adolescentes com osteogênese imperfeita
Get PDFIntrodução: A Osteogênese Imperfeita (OI) é uma doença genética rara caracterizada pela fragilidade óssea, fraturas aos mínimos traumas e deformidades. Essas alterações podem levar a perda da capacidade funcional e independência. Objetivo: Avaliar a funcionalidade de crianças e adolescentes com OI. Como objetivo secundário foi proposto realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre funcionalidade e OI. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional analítico transversal com coleta de dados clínicos de crianças e adolescentes (6-19 anos) através de dados de prontuários (peso, altura, tipo de OI e densidade mineral óssea). Também foram avaliados: nível de deambulação pela escala de Land, força muscular através da dinamometria de preensão palmar, presença de hipermobilidade pela escala de Beighton, equilíbrio através da escala Pediatric Balance Scale, e funcionalidade pelo Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT). A revisão sistemática foi realizada de acordo com os critérios do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Resultados: Crianças e adolescentes foram divididos em dois grupos, OI forma leve (OI tipo I) e OI forma moderada a grave (OI tipo III, IV e V). Na comparação dos dois grupos, o moderado/grave apresentou maior comprometimento da estatura e peso, densidade mineral óssea menor (p<0,001) e força muscular medida pela dinamometria de preensão palmar menor (p<0,05). A avaliação do PEDI-CAT não apresentou diferenças significativas entre os grupos. A ausência de diferenças pode se dever a amostra ser homogênea em relação número de fraturas, uso de bisfosfonatos, prática de atividade física e fisioterapia e nível de deambulação ou pequeno tamanho amostral. Observamos melhor classificação socioeconômica nos casos de OI Moderada/Grave em relação à OI Leve. Na revisão sistemática foram aceitos para a análise qualitativa 18 artigos após a 6 exclusão por duplicação, idioma e metodologia. Foi observado que a escala de Bleck foi o instrumento mais utilizado para avaliar a mobilidade. Quanto a funcionalidade, o PEDI foi o instrumento mais utilizado por abranger diversos aspectos da funcionalidade humana. Conclusões: Apesar de clinicamente os tipos III, IV e V serem mais graves que o tipo I não observamos diferenças significativas na funcionalidade entre os grupos. Porém deve-se levar em consideração que o Grupo Moderada/Grave era formado em sua maioria (80%) de crianças do tipo IV com apresentação moderada. Estudos com maior tamanho amostral e estratificação da amostra são necessários. No estudo de revisão sistemática se concluiu que os profissionais utilizam com maior frequência os instrumentos genéricos que avaliam as habilidades da criança frente a situação de vida real como o PEDI e escala de Bleck. Entretanto, instrumentos específicos para OI ainda se fazem necessários.Introduction: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by bone fragility, bone fractures and deformities. These findings can lead to loss of functional capacity and independence. Objective: Evaluate the functioning in children and adolescents with OI. A secondary aim was to perform a systematic review of functionality and OI. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study with data collection of children and adolescents (6-19 years) was carried out. Medical records (weight, height and bone mineral density) was collected. Level of ambulation using Land scale, muscular strength by hand-grip dynamometry, balance using Pediatric Balance Scale, presence of hypermobility and functionality with Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT). The systematic literature review was carried out according to the criteria of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA), and 18 articles were accepted for the qualitative analysis of the results after exclusion by duplication, language and methodology. Results: Children and adolescents were divided in two groups according to severity: mild form of OI (Type I) and moderate/severe OI (OI tipo III, IV e V). Comparing both groups, the moderate/severe group showed less height, weight, and bone mineral density (p <0.001) and handgrip dynamometry (p <0.05). PEDI-CAT assessment showed no significant differences between groups. The absence of differences may be due to homogeneity of the sample according to the number of fractures, use of bisphosphonates, physical activity and physical therapy and level of ambulation. There was a trend towards socioeconomic data that indicate that children with moderate/severe cases had a better socioeconomic classification compared to mild cases. Regarding the systematic review, it was found that the Bleck scale was the most used instrument for mobility evaluation, in relation to instruments that assess functionality, considering the interaction of biological and 8 contextual factors, PEDI was the most used instrument because it covers several aspects of human functionality. Conclusions: Although clinically types III, IV and V are more severe than type I, no significant difference of functionality was observed between groups. However moderate/severe group was composed mostly by OI type IV (80%) with moderate severity. A larger sample size with severity stratification is required. In the systematic review, professionals make greater use of instruments that represent the child's abilities in the real-life situation, such as the PEDI and Bleck scale. There is still a need an instrument specific for the population with OI
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
