1,721,312 research outputs found
Formulating instructions in testing for linguistic and cognitive abilities
No full textPeople with linguistic or cognitive disorders are often administered clinical tests, either to assess their linguistic abilities and cognitive status, or for therapeutic intervention. These tests, that take place in interaction between patients and doctors or therapists, have received special attention from Conversation Analysis: previous studies have shown that testing activity is a socially organized phenomenon and that the results of testing are collaborative productions (Marlaire & Maynard, 1990; Schegloff, 2003; Wilkinson, 2013). Pursuing this line of investigation, our research focuses on how instructions from standardized tests are introduced and formulated in clinical practice.
The analyses are based on a 12-hours corpus of video-recordings of doctor-patient and speech-language therapist-patient interactions. The data were collected in Brazil and France as part of two projects investigating the dynamics of clinical and therapeutic interactions. The languages involved are Brazilian Portuguese and French. The interactions were transcribed following the multimodal transcription conventions developed by Mondada (2018).
In our data, patients are administered standardized neuropsychological tests such as MMS (Mini-Mental State, Folstein & Folstein, 1975) or naming tests (Kaplan et al., 2001). Even if the instructions and questions come from a standardized protocol, the way health professionals introduce them at the beginning of the test have implications for the patients' understanding of the task and how they might respond to it (for variation in standardized test, see Jones et al., 2020). A detailed analysis of the sequential organization of these interactions allowed us to identify moments when the initial instructions and test questions are: a) repeated; b) reformulated; c) modified by the therapist; or d) checked and assessed by the patient. Moreover, a multimodal analysis of the data allowed us to take into account not only the verbal dimension of testing, but also their ecology, that is the contextual configuration of the scene, the material environment (documents, objects) and the embodied resources (postures, gestures, gazes).
The results provide us with evidence to distinguish difficulties of the patients in responding to the test contents from difficulties related to how test instructions are designed. Implications for how health professionals interpret patients' performances are finally discussed.
Folstein, M.F.; Folstein, S.E.; McHugh, P.R. (1975). Mini-mental status. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research,12 (3), 189–98.
Jones, D., Wilkinson, R., Jackson, C., & Drew, P. (2019). Variation and Interactional Non-Standardization in Neuropsychological Tests: The Case of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination. Qualitative Health Research, 30(3), 458-470.
Kaplan, E., Goodglass, H., & Weintraub, S. (2001). Boston Naming Test. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Marlaire, C. L., & Maynard, D. W. (1990). Standardized testing as an interactional phenomenon. Sociology of Education, 83-101.
Mondada, L. (2018). Multiple Temporalities of Language and Body in Interaction: Challenges for Transcribing Multimodality. ROLSI, 51(1), 85-106.
Wilkinson, R. (2013). The interactional organization of aphasia naming testing. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 27(10-11), 805-822.
Schegloff, E. A. (2003). Conversation Analysis and 'Communication Disorders. In Goodwin C. (eds), Conversation and Brain Damage. Oxford University Press, p. 21–55
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-cll-10.1177_09636897211034464 - Intrathecal Transplantation of Autologous and Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Dogs
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-docx-1-cll-10.1177_09636897211034464 for Intrathecal Transplantation of Autologous and Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Dogs by Felipe Pérez Benavides, Giovana Boff Araujo Pinto, Marta Cristina Thomas Heckler, Diana Milena Rodríguez Hurtado, Livia Ramos Teixeira, Marina Mitie de Souza Monobe, Gisele Fabrino Machado, Guilherme Dias de Melo, Diego Noé Rodríguez-Sánchez, Fernanda da Cruz Landim e Alvarenga and Rogério Martins Amorim in Cell Transplantation</p
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-3-cll-10.1177_09636897211034464 - Intrathecal Transplantation of Autologous and Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Dogs
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-docx-3-cll-10.1177_09636897211034464 for Intrathecal Transplantation of Autologous and Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Dogs by Felipe Pérez Benavides, Giovana Boff Araujo Pinto, Marta Cristina Thomas Heckler, Diana Milena Rodríguez Hurtado, Livia Ramos Teixeira, Marina Mitie de Souza Monobe, Gisele Fabrino Machado, Guilherme Dias de Melo, Diego Noé Rodríguez-Sánchez, Fernanda da Cruz Landim e Alvarenga and Rogério Martins Amorim in Cell Transplantation</p
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-2-cll-10.1177_09636897211034464 - Intrathecal Transplantation of Autologous and Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Dogs
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-docx-2-cll-10.1177_09636897211034464 for Intrathecal Transplantation of Autologous and Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Dogs by Felipe Pérez Benavides, Giovana Boff Araujo Pinto, Marta Cristina Thomas Heckler, Diana Milena Rodríguez Hurtado, Livia Ramos Teixeira, Marina Mitie de Souza Monobe, Gisele Fabrino Machado, Guilherme Dias de Melo, Diego Noé Rodríguez-Sánchez, Fernanda da Cruz Landim e Alvarenga and Rogério Martins Amorim in Cell Transplantation</p
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